The geometry of a lathe inserts refers to the shape and angle of its cutting edge, which determines how it interacts with the workpiece and produces chips. The geometry of a lathe inserts can be classified into three types: fine, medium, and rough. Fine geometry is suitable for operations with low cutting depth and feed rate, where low cutting forces and high surface quality are required. Medium geometry is suitable for operations with moderate cutting depth and feed rate, where a balance between edge strength and chip control is needed. Rough geometry is suitable for operations with high cutting depth and feed rate, where high edge strength and chip removal are required.

- TC: 60° triangular shape with a positive rake angle. Suitable for finishing operations with low cutting forces and good surface quality.

- DN: 55° rhombic shape with a negative rake angle. Suitable for medium to roughing operations with good chip control and edge strength.

- CN: 80° rhombic shape with a negative rake angle. Suitable for roughing operations with high cutting forces and stability.

The shape of a lathe inserts refers to the profile of its cutting edge, which determines its clearance angle and accessibility. The shape of a lathe inserts should be chosen according to the requirements of the tool holder and the workpiece geometry. The most common shapes of lathe inserts are:

- DC: 55° rhombic shape with a positive rake angle. Suitable for finishing to medium operations with low cutting forces and good chip control.

The geometry of a lathe inserts can also be modified by adding a wiper feature, which is a small flat area on the cutting edge that improves the surface finish by smoothing out the tool marks. Wiper geometry can be used to achieve higher feed rates without compromising surface quality or to improve surface quality at standard feed rates.

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Lathe inserts are cutting tools that are used to shape metal, wood, plastic, or other materials on a lathe. Lathe inserts come in various shapes, sizes, and materials, depending on the type of workpiece and the desired finish.

- CC: 80° rhombic shape with a positive rake angle. Suitable for finishing to medium operations with low cutting forces and good chip control.

The size of a lathe inserts refers to the length of its cutting edge (L) and its inscribed circle diameter (IC), which determine its strength and rigidity. The size of a lathe bit should be chosen according to the maximum cutting depth (ap) and the required cutting length (LE) of the operation, as well as the tool holder's clearance angle, the workpiece diameter, and the machine specifications. The size of a lathe bit should be as large as possible to ensure high stability and productivity.

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The corner radius of a lathe bit refers to the curvature of its cutting edge at the corner (RE), which affects its edge strength, surface finish, and chip formation. The corner radius of a lathe bit should be chosen according to the machining parameters (ap, fn) and the workpiece material properties. The corner radius of a lathe bit should be as large as possible to ensure high edge strength and durability, but not too large to cause excessive heat generation or chip jamming.

Choosing the right lathe bit for your project can make a big difference in the quality and efficiency of your machining process. By considering the factors discussed above, you can select the best lathe bit geometry, grade, shape, size, and corner radius for your specific application. If you need more guidance or advice , I'm always there for you.

- SC: 90° square shape with a positive rake angle. Suitable for finishing to medium operations with low cutting forces and good versatility.

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The grade of a lathe inserts refers to the material and coating of its cutting edge, which determines its wear resistance, toughness, and thermal conductivity. The grade of a lathe bit depends on the type of workpiece material (ISO P, M, K, N, S, H), the type of operation (fine, medium, rough), the machining conditions (good, average, difficult), and the lathe bit geometry. The grade of a lathe inserts should match the properties of the workpiece material and the machining parameters to ensure optimal performance and tool life.

- TN: 60° triangular shape with a negative rake angle. Suitable for finishing operations with low cutting forces and good surface quality.