Indexable thread turning tool - cnc lathe threading insert

This area of the market has really taken off in the last decade as golfers realise the performance benefits of super-stable putters.

Putter faces used to be a simple, flat piece of metal, and although some are still like that, most have an insert or some form of groove pattern designed to help reduce skid and get the ball rolling sooner. Finding the face type or insert that you like the feel of is key to confidence and consistent pace control.

Lobsinger explained that the smaller diameter value basically returns the operator back to the original recommended surface speed he is trying to achieve.

With interrupted cuts there is a greater risk for the cutting edge to break down prematurely or inconsistently, lowering part quality. It is important to choose the best cutting tool and process parameters during interrupted turning operations. Phuchit/iStock/Getty Images Plus

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Having tested and played more than 10,000 clubs in his life, what Simon doesn’t know about golf clubs isn’t worth knowing.

“Basically, you want to look for the strongest insert possible,” said Paul Lobsinger, sales and service engineer Canada, Greenleaf Corp. “It helps to have a tough negative insert to accept the interruptions and pounding.”

Luminoso has a bachelor of arts from Carleton University, a bachelor of education from Ottawa University, and a graduate certificate in book, magazine, and digital publishing from Centennial College.

There’s a growing consensus of not going too large as you can lose feel and distance control. As a very general rule, oversized grips with flat fronts typically will suit straighter stroke players whereas smaller more pistol-shaped grips can be a better fit for golfers with arc and/or release in their putting stroke.

Ping’s Dr. Paul Wood told me “There’s a real trend of more skilled players wanting fewer alignment features, which sort of makes sense as the better you are at lining up, the less help you need.

All of the leading manufacturers – including TaylorMade, Odyssey, and Ping – offer a wide range of putters in different shapes, sizes, styles, and types, so how do you know where to start?

Lindsay Luminoso, sr. editor/digital editor, contributes to both Canadian Metalworking and Canadian Fabricating & Welding. She worked as an associate editor/web editor, at Canadian Metalworking from 2014-2016 and was most recently an associate editor at Design Engineering.

With carbide grades, having either a large grain size or cobalt-enriched layer as part of the substrate will make for a stronger insert. Larger carbide grains have more impact on strength compared to a fine-grade carbide.

There’s a mountain of putter grip options to choose from, whether you want to explore the size, shape, profile, or material of your putter grip my best putter grip page will help you decide which best suits you.

Shape. The experts agree that while different shapes of inserts may work, a round insert is the best option, followed by a square insert.

Choosing the right grade depends on the type and hardness of the material, as well as the level of interruption and the machining stage, whether roughing or finishing.

Coating. For interrupted turning, an insert with a physical vapour deposition (PVD) coating on the substrate will help extend tool life. PVD coatings are tougher than chemical vapour deposition (CVD) coatings.

“Tungaloy developed a technology that was able to draw the cobalt to the outer edges of the insert, giving just the cutting edge a higher concentration of cobalt,” said Mitchell. “This allowed for the best of both worlds: a carbide grade with a high concentration of tungsten to allow for higher cutting speeds and longer tool life, while at the same time providing additional concentration of cobalt at the cutting edge to provide additional impact resistance.”

Regardless of how a shop classifies interrupted cuts, interruptions can present themselves in a couple of different ways.

Optimal strength is going to be realized by using a round geometry and a negative-style insert. Mitchell also noted that it’s important to pay attention to the chipbreaker selection. Some chipbreakers are designed for heavy interruptions, but others are designed to be free cutting and as sharp as possible, making them fragile and prone to chipping in an interrupted application.

“For interrupted-style cuts on hardened material, it’s best to choose heavier edge preparations,” said Goss. “With ceramic, having a large single or compound chamfer/land, or with carbide, having a heavier-duty chip form, will ensure the insert is able to handle the abusive nature of the cut and redirect those forces appropriately to allow for maximum tool life.”

A simple but effective way to see how much toe hang a putter has is to balance the shaft on your finger; the angle at which the head points down towards the ground when hanging freely is the amount of toe hang. A putter with no toe hang is often called “face balanced” and the face will be pointing straight to the sky.

Finding the best putter for your golf game is hugely important, as it’s the club you use more than any other. There’s nothing more frustrating than hitting a great approach or chip to close range and then missing the putt. Plus, holing a few more putts is a quick way to lower your scores.

There is a clear trend towards wider-bodied blade putters, which sit between a mallet and a blade and offer a bit more forgiveness and reassurance than a very slim blade.

Predominantly, think of the golfers who gravitate to this style of putter as liking simpler, traditional blade designs with less going on cosmetically and you won’t go far wrong.

He spent a large part of his career as a golf club maker and product development manager, and has worked in the golf industry for more than 30 years. He joined EMAP Active (now Bauer Media) as Equipment Editor in 2006 and has worked for both Today’s Golfer and Golf World.

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Speeds and Feeds. The experts agree that one of the biggest mistakes an operator can make during interrupted turning is to reduce speed.

Don’t forget also if you draw a straight line on your ball, a single line on your putter can be a great accompaniment for that. If you use a triple track golf ball, a putter with three lines can work brilliantly too.

It’s a difficult one to answer, as so much of putting comes down to confidence, which makes it important to choose a putter you love the look and feel of. That said, a high-stability MOI putter will offer greater performance benefits than any other type of putter. If you’re struggling with your putting and have only ever used a traditional blade, it’s well worth seeing how much a forgiving MOI putter could help you.

Expect a Zero Torque putter to need some bedding in time, they are the hottest trend on tour right now, my best L.A.B. putter page will help you decide if you like the concept and establish which model is for you.

TG Equipment Editor Simon Daddow and Test Pro Neil Wain both putted to a hole 15 feet away and hit at least 20 putts with each model tested. We’re listening for sound, looking for how putts roll across the surface of the green, and gauging the feel and feedback off the putter face. We consider the grip size, shape, and texture, whilst also paying attention to the shaft and the stability on off-centre hits.

“This kind of player wants lines to indicate where the outer edges of the ball should be in relation to the putter’s body, like tram lines running straight from the putter’s head out to the edges of the golf ball that’s sat in front of it,” Ping’s Dr. Paul Wood told me. The putter may have a clean top rail, but golfers aren’t using it to align.

“A simple example of this would be 50 per cent of the material taken away by voids or interruptions at the surface,” he said. “Fifty per cent of the surface remains in contact with the tool compared to an interrupted part. So, in this case, double the SFM to compensate for that.”

Typically, this feature is only really found on mallet-style putters, because blades don’t have the body width to create a long sight line. It’s not a hard and fast rule, but it often tends to be less skilled putters who like this style of alignment aid most.

Tiger Woods uses a Scotty Cameron Newport 2 GSS Prototype putter, which has been in his bag for most of his career. Check out all the clubs and other equipment Tiger Woods uses here.

Some of the impacts of interrupted cuts on the turning process can, depending on the severity of the interruption, lead to accelerated tool wear. This increased tool wear can lead to more tool changes during the process, which ultimately leads to an increase in part cycle times and an overall increase in labour and tooling costs for the job. Here are some factors to consider to help limit tool wear.

The impacts of interrupted cuts will depend on the process itself, whether it’s a roughing or finishing application. For the most part, roughing applications tend to include interruptions from forged or cast workpieces that are irregular in material or non-concentric shapes.

“Although positive inserts are generally not recommended for interrupted cuts, sometimes they are unavoidable,” said Mitchell. “In situations such as these, it is highly recommended to use a double-sided positive insert. Traditional positive inserts sit in a pocket and the only thing preventing them from moving is a small screw. But [some inserts] utilize a dovetail pocket, ensuring no movement even in interrupted applications, while still providing a positive cutting action.”

Blades are the most traditional-looking putters. They are typically quite slim, with a small profile. Blade putters tend to have quite a lot of toe hang, which means they suit golfers with an arced putting stroke, although some face-balanced blade putters are available for those with a straight back-and-through stroke who want a blade style.

Stability putter shafts improve the consistency of off-center hits as the face deflects fractionally less at impact, so the idea has the potential to shave shots from your scorecard and help cut your three-putt percentage.

“However, coolant should almost always be shut off, unless machining an extremely gummy material,” said Mitchell. “When coolant is applied to an insert machining an interrupted cut, the insert undergoes extreme heat, then no heat when encountering the interruption. The hot insert is then suddenly submerged in coolant, which causes thermal cracking, shortening the tool life and potentially causing catastrophic failure.”

The biggest decision when choosing a new putter is whether you want a blade putter, a mallet putter, or a super-stable high MOI putter.

Interrupted cutting in turning is subjective. While some operators may look at a part with a keyway and a small depth of cut as a heavy interruption, another operator may classify heavy interruptions only as multiple interruptions with a larger depth of cut. The workpiece material, part configuration and features, and depth of cut will all come into play when determining how the interruption will affect the overall process.

“When it comes to ceramics, you want to avoid this temptation,” said Lobsinger. “It’s the first thing an operator will do when they start thinking something is going wrong, but you definitely don’t want to do that. The amount of increase in the recommended speed in severely interrupted cuts can usually be calculated. The operator can calculate the circumference of the part, then subtract the total sum of the interruptions. This will give a smaller diameter value, which increases the SFM. Essentially, when increasing cutting speed, you're reducing the time the insert spends out of the cut, thus reducing how much time the insert has to cool, ultimately reducing thermal stress and the growth of the cracks.”

While we normally share all the data from our golf club tests, we don’t do that with putters. Whilst we do use a Foresight GC Quad launch monitor in putting mode to measure and gauge the roll, topspin, and skid of every putt hit, over the years we’ve learned that putting data is more player (and day-dependent) than any other club in the bag. So, whilst we use this data for analysis, we don’t base big decisions or recommendations on it, as history shows data is very likely to be different on another day’s testing. Essentially, we’re not comfortable making huge claims that one putter rolls better than another, because we know that on another day’s testing, the rolls could be reversed.

According to John Mitchell, general manager, Tungaloy Canada, Brantford, Ont., carbide cutting tools are made primarily of tungsten, a very hard, wear- resistant material that is bound together with cobalt. To produce a grade capable of handling interrupted cuts, traditionally cutting tool manufacturers simply used more cobalt. On the other hand, to make the insert more wear-resistant, capable of faster cutting speeds and longer tool life, manufacturers used grades that had less cobalt and more tungsten.

Other zero torque putters are available (like the Axis 1 used by Justin Rose) but L.A.B. models are different as they’re designed to resist twisting to the path of your stroke, not your target. So, where Ping founder Karsten Solheim invented the perimeter-weighted Anser to twist less on off-center hits, L.A.B. putters are designed to not twist to the path of your backswing and downswing.

The wider body offers greater distance consistency on off-centre strikes than you get with a blade, which can really help as you’ll be surprised how often you miss the middle of the face, particularly on longer putts.

Ping’s Dr. Paul Wood told me “Research shows a really good match between players who describe a putter matching their eye, and aligning consistently correctly with those models.” So there’s a real link between finding a putter that’s easy to align and putting well with it.

Take your time, look at the condition, and get a feeling for how the putter may have been looked after by the previous owner. If the finish is chipped or there are dinks in the top edge it’s highly likely the putter has had a tough life, which could mean it might no longer be at its original spec.

Having the original headcover in good condition is always desirable and a good sign the putter might well have been cherished by its previous owner. I’d always recommend factoring in the cost of a new grip too just so you get the feel and feedback you want. Our selection of the best putter grips can help you decide which will best suit you.

“If you have the corresponding toolholders in your facility already, a round insert is the strongest,” said Haid. “With a round insert, a rigid setup is necessary to take the impacts of the interrupted cuts. A square insert would be the second strongest. For the most part, diamond-shaped inserts are not well suited, but some interruptions could require a specific insert to get in and perform the cut.”

“The benefit of dealing with interrupted cuts in the roughing stage is that the insert can be changed, from part to part, without an offset,” said Matthew Haid, application specialist, Dormer Pramet, Mississauga, Ont. “Dealing with interrupted cuts in finish-turning can be much more challenging. If the part has a tight finishing tolerance, operators typically need to adjust the tool wear offset on the CNC over the course of the insert’s life. When changing the insert, it's recommended not to start at zero or the regular offset, but rather do a first pass to confirm the tolerance dimension. Both interrupted roughing and finishing can be a challenge, but with roughing, there is always material left to be finished, whereas finishing tends to be more sensitive.”

For interrupted cuts in softer or more ductile materials, having an edge prep with a larger or wider land is a good option. With ceramic, the insert does not need to be as negative as it would for a harder material; with carbide, a medium-duty chip form will provide additional shear, which is beneficial in most cases.

Mallet putters tend to have a larger footprint than blades, although the blade length from heel to toe is often shorter.

Levels of interrupted cuts can vary anywhere from a light interruption, which might account for only 10 to 20 per cent of the overall process, to a heavy interruption which can be 60 to 75 per cent or more of the overall process. Regardless of how you define interrupted cutting, there are some points to consider when undertaking an interrupted operation.

Geometry. Another consideration for interrupted cutting is the geometry of the insert. Choosing an insert that has a small nose angle and long, narrow cutting edge does not offer the rigidity needed in most interrupted cutting applications.

“PVD coatings have a thin layer that really holds up better against the impacts of interruptions versus the CVD option,” said Haid.

Putters are typically 33″ to 36″ long (discounting arm-lock models, which are longer). The correct length largely depends on your height but also the way you stand when putting; basically, the distance from your wrist to the floor when you address a putt is the length of putter you need.

Putters, particularly mallets and MOI models, come with all sorts of different visual aids to help you align putts and strike the ball in the middle of the face more often. A lot comes down to personal preference, so it’s a good idea to pick up as many putters as you can to see what sort of alignment aids suit your eye. Here’s my guide to finding your perfect alignment aid.

A sightline like this leads the eye all the way to the back of the ball, and I’ve always felt it gives the impression of hitting a nail in with a hammer when putting. The alignment feature doesn’t have to be a line – it can be another design – but explicitly this style of putter doesn’t have a top rail.

“There needs to be a balance,” said Goss. “You don't want to have too much negativity or a large land on some of those soft, ductile materials, which could lead to excessive cutting force. But it also needs to be heavy enough to provide adequate performance and tool life.”

Most putters come with different hosel options, which not only affect the look but also the amount of ‘toe hang’ the putter has. Toe hang is measured in degrees and basically dictates how much the putter wants to rotate during your stroke. Generally, golfers with more arc in their putting stroke will benefit from more toe hang, while those with a ‘straight back and through’ stroke will want less.

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Pre-loved putters can be a fantastic option as they offer the opportunity to save considerable amounts of cash buying a model somebody else no longer wants. Make sure you’ve tried and tested the putter you want before buying, it’s much less likely you’ll get fitted to any second-hand model.

An interruption also can be experienced not in the physical sense of material discontinuity, but by an inconsistency in material hardness or having heterogeneity in the material makeup of the workpiece. Goss explained that heterogeneity in the material can occur because of precipitates or inclusions that form during the manufacturing process of the parent material. If these precipitates or inclusions are congregated in one area of the workpiece, they can also act as an interruption during the machining process.

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There’s a reason most beginners don’t pick up traditional blades with no sightlines; they’re not so easy to line up. It’s natural, then, for less skilled and less confident golfers to go for wider body, longer sightline models because there’s more insurance. Mallets are more stable and forgiving, but you also get more help lining up, too.

“However, with ceramics, we would recommend opting for a silicon-carbide, whisker-reinforced ceramic insert or a silicon nitride-based ceramic over an alumina-based or white ceramic, as it will provide much more strength and reliability,” said Goss.

It means the company insists golfers get fit for each model as it’s vitally important to match the lie angle of the putter to how you putt, to ensure maximum effectiveness. The idea also does away with the fitting of putters to stroke type, so don’t expect to hear toe hang mentioned by L.A.B.

“For roughing applications, I would like to have a tougher grade with a larger T-land or a roughing chipbreaker with a nice edge prep to maintain the interruptions as well as hold that dimensional tolerance,” said Haid. “When finishing, go with something harder rather than something tougher to hold the tolerance and not wear out as fast.”

Quite simply, you’re making the game harder by using a narrow blade putter rather than an MOI Putter, especially on longer putts.

Out-on-tour stability putter shafts have their place, but they’re certainly not mainstream, so I’d advise not getting too bogged down in deciding whether or not you need one. Other much more important factors need your full attention. If though at any point you want to go full out and create your ultimate flatstick then absolutely a stability putter shaft should be on your radar.

The experts noted that some operators tend to favour a positive geometry as they think it will help take the impact, but that is just not the case. A negative geometry is going to provide a much better cut in interrupted turning.

Golfers who like a golf ball-width feature do so because they like to frame the ball while lining up to putt. There are tons of putters out there that have a feature to frame the ball at address, and while some do it subtly, others are much more explicit.

Choosing the best putter for your game comes down to many factors, including price, the head shape, what alignment aids suit your eye (if any), whether you have a straight or arced putting stroke, whether you prefer a firmer or softer feel, the length that suits your height and setup, and what type of grip feels best in your hands. We’ve discussed every factor in our guide to choosing the best putter for your game.

You may have heard about face-balanced, toe-up, and torque-balanced putters before, but L.A.B. Golf’s Zero Torque putters and the new PXG Battle Ready Allan work differently from anything you’ve seen before. The idea came about when Directed Force (the company acquired and relaunched by now L.A.B owner Sam Hahn) built a device called the Revealer, to better understand how putters torque and rotate during the putting stroke. Only by inventing the device, which allows putters to hang freely while being swung, was it possible to spot how putters rotate during the stroke, but also to design a putter that didn’t torque or spin at all.

A rigid setup is necessary for interrupted cuts to take the impact. A round insert is the strongest, followed by a square insert. Dormer Pramet

For example, a hard grade of carbide will run faster and last longer but is more brittle, whereas a tough grade of carbide has impact resistance but runs slower and does not last as long.

Stability putter shafts have grown hugely in popularity over the last decade, as engineers have realized when premium carbon fiber (like with the graphite KBS GPS) is wrapped correctly in the right areas, graphite shafts can resist twisting better than steel.

If you can accept the somewhat unconventional looks of an MOI model, you’re giving yourself maximum benefit. It’s important to love the look of your putter, though, as confidence plays such a huge part on the greens.

“Most commonly, an interruption is a break in the continuity of the material during the machining process,” said Matt Goss, applications engineer and project development, Greenleaf Corp., Saegertown, Pa. “This is where the insert engages and disengages with the workpiece, either once or a series of times. These interruptions can either be induced as part of the machining process, such as turning over bolt circles or holes, slots, or keyways, or they can be inherent to the workpiece, for example if it is out of round or has forging scale on the surface. Each of these cases presents a scenario where there's a break in continuous and uniform flow of material across the cutting tool.”

Coolant. The issue of thermal stress leads some operators to believe that running the machine with coolant is the best option.

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Haid added that it’s always better to start on the low end of the feed rate to provide a bit of wiggle room, rather than running a little bit slow. Running slow can put more impact on the insert.

When you are considering carbide grades, having either a large grain size or cobalt-enriched layer as part of the substrate will make for a stronger insert. Tungaloy

With many of the best putters retailing for over £300, it’s important to decide how much you’re willing to spend. After all, a higher price doesn’t guarantee you’re going to hole more putts. Typically, the leading manufacturers are at the forefront of R&D and use premium materials, which explains the high price, but there’s nothing to say you can’t find a putter for under £200 that works great for you.

Choosing the right insert for interrupted turning can make all the difference in success of the overall process. One of the big misconceptions is that operators can just use whatever insert is available. Sometimes this may work out, but often operators will struggle.

Golfers who like a clean top rail use the perpendicular line created by the blade sat behind the ball to square up to their target. A lot of putters combine a clean top rail design with other alignment features, but players who like models in this category will often find the extra cosmetic shapes or lines distracting.

As you’ll see from our selections above, brands including Scotty Cameron, TaylorMade, Odyssey and Ping make what we feel are the best putters in golf.