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Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) coating is a technique used to deposit thin films onto a substrate by physically vaporizing a material and then condensing the vapor onto the substrate. This process typically involves techniques such as sputtering and evaporation, which use physical mechanisms to transform a target material into a vapor. The vaporized atoms or ions then condense onto the substrate, forming a thin film.

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In fact, material composition greatly influences performance in multiple ways. Interestingly, while both copper and tungsten in their pure forms can pose significant machining and manufacturability challenges, those difficulties are overcome when the two materials are combined.

Our name might not give it away, but precision cut off of tight tolerance, small metal parts is at the core of our business.

PVD processes usually require high temperatures, ranging from 250 to 750 degrees Celsius. The resulting coatings offer excellent hardness, wear resistance, and high-temperature performance. Additionally, PVD coatings exhibit good resistance to oxidation and other environmental factors.

To learn more about the advantages of copper tungsten and why you might choose it as a material for resistance welding electrodes, download our free white paper.

Learn why a small diameter metal probe requires choosing a material that is strong enough to maintain the probe’s shape, straightness, and direction.

Learn about the variables to consider when choosing the best resistance welding electrode material for specific resistance spot welding applications.

Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) are widely used techniques for surface treatment of tools and various materials in industrial settings. The principle involves coating a workpiece with a thin film possessing high strength. This film can be tailored for various applications based on the type of coating synthesized, such as wear and corrosion resistance at high temperatures, improved surface lubricity to reduce friction, resistance to chemical corrosion, and resistance to oxidation caused by manufacturing processes.

Learn about the important role of machining and tooling in the manufacture of metal parts for today’s fuel injection systems.

A fully complete RFQ tells a story about the buyer, the company, and the end product and its use — information we can use to provide the right quote (and the right price).

The Swiss machine has evolved and improved since the original Swiss lathe was invented, making the modern method an important part of precision CNC machining.

How does laser cutting compare with other precision metal cutting methods? Watch this video to learn some of the pros and cons of this metal cutting method.

The straightness properties of tungsten wire make it valuable for small diameter tungsten probes used in semiconductor wafer testing and neural activity testing.

A statistically valid sampling plan in quality control provides a high level of confidence that if the sample is acceptable, the entire lot is acceptable.

Learn the key parameters for choosing a method of 2-axis precision cut off of metal parts based on part type, material type, and part dimensions.

Learn how the properties of copper tungsten reduce or eliminate the challenges posed by those materials when they are used in their pure forms.

Industry Trend No. 3: Rising labor costs overseas are one factor in the move away from outsourcing and toward reshoring of some businesses and factories.

Precision flat lapping and other lapping techniques can be used for small parts requiring tight control of surface finish, flatness, thickness, and parallelism.

People often ask Metal Cutting Corporation if we do “metal fabrication” — and the truth is, the answer depends on how you define the term.

Any surface will have flaws under the right magnification. In this video we explain the inherent challenges with blanket requests and how to overcome them.

With its unique properties, tungsten wire is used in a wide range of industry applications, from tungsten filament wire bulbs to tungsten thermocouples.

CVD coatings offer uniform and complete coverage on complex-shaped workpieces, making them prevalent in the microelectronics and semiconductor industries. However, these processes often involve high temperatures and hazardous chemicals, requiring stringent safety measures to protect workers and the environment. On the other hand, PVD is more suitable for simpler shapes, uses fewer hazardous chemicals, and operates at lower temperatures. This versatility allows for coating a wider range of materials.

A metal surface finish chart is a handy guide to standard surface finishes and characteristics such as measurement units, conversions, and typical Ra values.

While the most familiar use of tungsten (incandescent light bulbs) continues to fade, the unique range of properties continue to make tungsten wire irreplaceable for a number of products and applications.

While CNC machining can produce an array of complex, precision metal components, there are some challenges to the process you need to be aware of.

To avoid the challenges of verifying OD/ID concentricity, try to use other applicable GD&T symbols in place of concentricity in tubing drawings and designs.

Surface finish requirements are among the details that are critical to creating a complete RFQ that will help to optimize for manufacturability.

GD&T tolerances provide manufacturing guidance that must balance the need to make a part functional with the need to produce the part cost-effectively.

When measuring the perpendicularity of small metal parts, consider the effects of a part’s diameter, length, straightness, and manufacturing method.

Learn more about Metal Cutting’s certification in the ISO 9001:2015 standards and commitment to quality management practices.

We discuss elsewhere how the powder metallurgy process that creates the copper tungsten “pseudo-alloy” can be manipulated to improve performance. In addition, that process of pressing, sintering, and infiltrating is constantly being reimagined to produce a denser, more stable product that makes for predictable manufacturing outcomes.

Surface grinding services utilize precision surface grinding methods to make cubic metal parts square and parallel or the ends of metal rods perpendicular.

Learn why the characteristics of titanium tube make it a good choice for medical devices and other applications that require strength, light weight, and corrosion resistance.

Incandescent bulbs made with tungsten wire filaments continue to be used in automobile turn signals despite the parallel adoption of newer LED technology.

The metal shearing process can be quick and inexpensive for cutting some simply shaped parts, but it has disadvantages including burrs and end deformation.

For intricate geometries, sharp corners, unparalleled wear resistance, excellent cutting speeds and machinability, copper tungsten is the material of choice.

Learn how tungsten as an alternative to precious metals can help you achieve uncompromising quality and still keep your budget on track.

pvd cvd比较

Learn 7 simple rules to help ensure that calibrated measuring yields accurate and consistent results for your small parts manufacturing.

Wire EDM cutting advantages and disadvantages for 2-axis cutoff depend on factors including the material used, part parameters, and surface finish requirements.

While laser cutting can produce a small kerf and tight tolerances, other precision cutting methods may be preferable for 2-axis cutoff of small metal parts.

While honing and lapping are both used to fine-tune the finish and dimensions of metal parts, the two processes differ in where and how they achieve results.

Different precision metal cutting options vary in characteristics and appropriate applications, making the choice not quite so easy. This guide will help.

When designing a part, remember that different tolerances may require different processes, and not all processes can produce results to the same tolerance.

High precision internal grinding methods such as ID grinding and honing are used to achieve smooth finishes and tight tolerances on bore, hole, and tube IDs.

Learn why manufacturers, designers, and engineers need to keep metal expansion from heat in mind when they create part specifications and decide how precise the part’s dimensions need to be.

The electrochemical grinding process is a highly specialized method that combines surface grinding, chemistry, and fixturing, and has limited applications.

Not surprisingly, though, by combining copper with tungsten, manufacturability is improved to an impressive degree. The addition of tungsten to copper eliminates the burr issues of copper. Conversely, copper reduces the tool stress relative to tungsten machining.

Learn how to optimize for manufacturability through a unified approach to product design and the creation of a thorough and detailed request for quote (RFQ).

Tungsten wire continues to be a product that has a large number of diverse applications, for many of which there is no known substitute. Find out why tungsten remains widely used.

Due to the hazardous and toxic nature of the chemicals involved and the high temperatures required (typically 700-1000 degrees Celsius) for most chemical reactions, CVD processes are strictly conducted in specialized laboratories.

Eddy current testing is an important method of nondestructive testing. See what you may not have known about the process.

Follow these tips on how to choose a vendor for cut off metal parts and get the results you want for your precision manufacturing needs.

Unfortunately, consistent results aren’t always guaranteed. Learn what you can do to ensure calibrated measuring yields accurate results.

The key to calibration tolerance is understanding both what a device is capable of doing and the tolerance to which the device has been calibrated.

Learn how best practices as well as material and design considerations have an impact on the life and effectiveness of resistance spot welding electrodes.

Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) coating is a chemical process used to create highly pure coatings on surfaces. It involves a chemical reaction that synthesizes a solid coating material from gaseous precursors. The coating forms directly from the reaction between the gaseous precursors and the surface, or through reactions between multiple gaseous species above the surface.

Precision metal grinding is often the best way to remove small amounts of material and achieve the right finish or tight tolerance dimensions on part surfaces.

The properties of tungsten wire are valued in the medical device industry, for use in electrocautery, electrosurgery, neural probes, and other applications.

Learn why precision CNC Swiss machining is used in the production of medical electrodes made from MP35N® for electrical signal delivery devices.

Learn how precision cut off and stamping compare in achieving distortion-free flatness, a sharp edge, and the precise exterior diameter needed for a spacing ring.

Learn the vital components of an effective quality control program and its role in ensuring metal parts meet their requirements for design and function.

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PVD coating

What is lapping? In the right hands, this little-known process can produce parts with highly polished ends, tight length tolerances, and extraordinary flatness.

Specifying the magnification level and details of how a material surface must be examined helps to ensure that parts will pass inspection and meet your needs.

CVD PVD

In comparing common tungsten uses in 2007 and today, it is clear that tungsten remains one of the most widely used and beneficial of the refractory metals.

In circular runout vs. total runout, the first controls variation in circular features of a part while the other controls variation in the entire part surface. Learn the difference and how to measure them here.

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When choosing a resistance welding electrode for any application, a thorough understanding of material properties helps to avoid production line issues.

For EDM electrodes, copper tungsten offers excellent electrical conductivity, DC arcing resistance, thermal conductivity, and wear resistance.

Explore the advantages of pure tungsten and pure molybdenum as alternative materials for use in spot welding electrodes.

Chemical vapor deposition

Eddy current testing is an important method of nondestructive testing that is often used to inspect for flaws in the surface or sub-surface of metal materials.

That helps to make copper tungsten electrodes a great choice for electrical discharge machining (EDM) of carbides and for resistance spot welding.

Thousands of resin compounds have been developed to expand the design options for tubing in medical devices. Yet, there are number of myths. Learn why plastic may not be a better choice to metal tubing in medical applications.

Learn why infiltration, density, and other properties of an alloy such as copper tungsten are important to the quality of spot welding electrodes.

Choosing the right resistance spot welding electrode for an application depends on understanding critical properties of the different electrode materials.

The creation of new specialty metals offers alternatives to stainless steel for components used in medical device applications.

When polishing metal parts for 3D printed medical devices, the goal is to achieve the proper surface finishes while maintaining the device’s complex design details.

Surface finish requirements are just some of the details critical to completing an RFQ that will help you optimize for manufacturability.

Precision CNC Swiss machining is often used to produce bone screws and anchors with the features needed for a wide range of orthopedic and dental applications.

Over time, we’ve developed a special appreciation for tungsten and what it can do. Learn some interesting facts you may not have known.

With the eddy current testing ‬procedure, there are a number of variables that ‬have an effect on ECT, what it can find,‭ ‬and ‬what it cannot find.

Get an expert machinist’s perspective on how CNC metal cutting has evolved in the age of tight tolerance, micro-machining of small parts.

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Along with the composition of the material, each of these factors play a unique role in the success of copper tungsten’s performance. Yet, none of them matter much if the material is impossible or costly to manufacture.

Thin-wheel abrasive cutting is an ideal method for high-volume 2-axis metal cutoff that requires precision, tight tolerances, no burrs, and a smooth end finish.

Waterjet cutting is typically used to cut complex shapes from large, flat sheets of metal but may not be the best choice for 2-axis cutoff of small parts.

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OD grinding is used to shape the external surface of objects between the centers and excels at removing circular defects and restoring or creating roundness.

For extremely complex or detailed electrode geometries, the tungsten powder can be poured directly into a mold and then sintered with the copper. That provides greater flexibility for a range of electrode manufacturing requirements.

With these RFQ tips, you can not only speed up the quote process, but also ensure you get the part you want and a cost estimate that is as accurate as possible.

Precision tubing plays a vital role in helping to ensure the accuracy of liquid dispensing systems used in many biotechnology and laboratory environments.

Learn how the guide bushing and other features of modern CNC Swiss screw machines eliminate deflection to improve efficiency, consistency, and accuracy.

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Pure copper becomes nightmarishly gummy when ground or machined, and is notorious for producing burrs. In fact, the cost of deburring a copper electrode can supersede the cost of manufacturing it.

Pull rings for medical devices can be cut from 304 grade stainless steel tube or Swiss machined to provide specialty features and use other materials.

While an automatic lathe can do simple 2-axis cutoff of metal rods and tubes, it is designed for more complex, multi-step machining operations.

Learn how the right electrode material, design, and construction can help to prevent bonding problems in resistance spot welding electrodes.

Double disk grinding provides dimensional accuracy for metal part applications that require tight tolerances, parallelism, flatness, and thickness control.

When a single part has multiple tolerances that conflict, the tighter, more challenging tolerance must guide production and ultimately drives the part’s cost.

GD&T cylindricity is a three-dimensional tolerance feature used to indicate both roundness and straightness along the entire axial length of a cylindrical part.

Learn about the role that tight tolerance plays in optimizing for manufacturability, and how to specify tolerances to ensure part quality and control costs.

Learn how better materials for resistance welding electrodes speed up your welding operation. This white paper is designed to help you make a successful electrode materials choice.

CVD coatings offer superior properties compared to PVD coatings, including enhanced wear resistance and abrasion resistance. They are particularly well-suited for coating complex-shaped components such as drill bits, threaded parts, and other intricately designed items. Additionally, CVD can be used to create semiconductor coatings for electronic devices.

PVD is considered an environmentally friendly process, as it often involves lower temperatures compared to other coating methods, minimizing the thermal impact on the substrate and reducing the risk of distortion or stress. However, PVD coatings can be more expensive and time-consuming to produce than other methods like Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). Moreover, PVD is typically a line-of-sight process, which means it may not be suitable for coating complex shapes or parts with deep recesses.

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Adherence to ISO 9000 standards by an organization tells customers that it is committed to implementing structured quality management practices.

Calibration standards for devices and equipment used in measuring, inspecting, and manufacturing of precision metal parts can pose some unique challenges.

How do you qualify a new sourcing partner and ensure an efficient and problem free experience? Considering these points will help you make a decision you can feel confident about.

As important as inspections are, 100% inspection requires time and cost without a guarantee of 100% compliance. See what a sampling plan is and how it solves this challenge.

While each machine shop will have its own set of best practices, copper tungsten generally has the machining and grinding characteristics of hard gray cast iron. However, the machining characteristics will vary depending on the composition of the copper tungsten.

Finding a supplier who can deliver quality and on-time service can be tough, especially when it comes to the medical device and other heavily regulated industries. This guide makes it simple.

Electrochemical cutting (ECC) combines electrochemical erosion and grinding to produce a burr-free, shiny surface to a tight tolerance of ±0.005” (0.127 mm).

"PVD and CVD coatings are highly efficient methods for coating the surfaces of materials, components, and machinery in industrial settings. They enhance durability, wear resistance, friction resistance, and chemical corrosion resistance, making them essential in manufacturing processes. While both serve similar purposes, their suitability varies based on coating principles. PVD coatings utilize solid materials, whereas CVD coatings employ gaseous substances.

Get answers to common questions about dissimilar metals regarding high and low conductivity electrodes and friction stir in the construction of an electrode.

Surface flatness is an indicator of all points along a surface lying in the same plane, with the highest and lowest points within the flatness tolerance range.

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The characteristics of the precision tubing used in liquid dispensing systems can significantly affect the fluid dispensing process and testing accuracy.

We are here to provide you with more information, answer any questions you may have and create an effective solution for your needs.

Learn why resistance welding electrodes require a material with the right combination of thermal conduction, electrical resistivity, and reactivity.

Metal Cutting’s methods for cutting metal tubing, such as thin wall steel tubing for medical devices, are unique compared with machining and laser metal cutting.

Learn how to prevent and detect surface flaws in the glass to metal seals used in the manufacture of a wide range of electronic products.

Proper electrode design and construction is essential to ensuring consistent weld quality, minimum electrode sticking, and maximum electrode life. Learn how electrode design can impact your prod line.

While graphite is often used, the properties of copper tungsten make it an ideal material for EDM electrodes for certain applications.

For some medical device applications requiring biomaterials, tungsten and gold-plated tungsten wire may be suitable alternatives to precious metals such as gold.

Physical vapor deposition

While automation plays a growing role in precision machining, lights out operation is still more a fantasy than a reality for most small part manufacturing.

Custom bushings that are Swiss machined for use in catheters and other medical devices allow the devices to function at a high RPM while resisting wear.

PVD and CVD coatings extend the lifespan of machinery and equipment in factories. Although PVD and CVD have distinct principles and advantages, making them suitable for different applications, this article will provide a deeper understanding of PVD and CVD to enable more accurate and effective selection.

A variety of surface-deposition methods has been examined in recent years for providing wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, or special purpose coatings of ...

With profile of a line vs. profile of a surface, the former controls variation at specified cross sections while the latter controls the entire feature surface.

Learn about the advantages of precision CNC machining in the manufacture of small, complex parts requiring tight tolerances, smooth finishes, and repeatability.

In material sourcing for the production of precision parts, avoiding non-standard material sizes can help to control costs and optimize for manufacturability.

Metal Cutting utilizes lapping and machining as well as other techniques to achieve flatness vs. parallelism for metal cut to length.

There are 5 key areas that should never be left blank when filling out your request for cutting quote. Do you know what they are?

Industry Trend No. 2: Manufacturing globalization and regionalization provide opportunities for partnership, innovation, competitive advantage, and growth.

Laser printing of metal is popular for a number of applications, but can you‭ ‬use it for printing of metal for‭ ‬such large quantities of such small parts?

Tungsten, on the other hand, is brittle, and its density makes it difficult to machine. The results are high tool wear rates and increased production times.

The centerless grinding process is ideal for finishing small cylindrical metal parts that require a tight tolerance and high-volume production. Learn some of the fundamentals of this process.

Circularity tolerance based on diameter helps to control roundness and ensure that small precision metal parts fit properly, move smoothly, and wear evenly.

In discussing the benefits of copper tungsten, we’ve focused on unique material properties and their effects on production performance. These properties include:

With a metric tolerance chart, you need to account for the upper and lower tolerance spec limits when converting between standard and metric measurements.

Utilizing a controlled environment helps to minimize the effects of heat expansion and other temperature issues on the measurement of metal parts.

Consider the methods used for heat treating metals, as well as the effects, when specifying your requirements for the cut-off of small metal parts.

Dopants raise the recrystallization temperature of tungsten wire and other wires, giving non-sag properties to tungsten light bulb filaments and other products.

Copper tungsten electrodes combine the thermal resistivity of tungsten with copper’s resistance to DC arcing, making them a smart choice for EDM of carbides.

Learn how potting can be used to create a tightly sealed package for electronic switching devices, such as the flat ribbon in semiconductors.

Gold-plated tungsten wire is useful in filtration, printing, copying, and other applications, and as an alternative to precious metals in some medical devices.

Before selecting a coating method, it's crucial to carefully consider these factors. By doing so, you can choose the most appropriate and effective coating process for your specific needs and optimize your manufacturing operations."

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It may be tempting to assume that a very tight tolerance should be your default choice. But, when they aren’t essential, it could increase your costs needlessly.

Cold sawing can do high-speed, burr-free cutoff of rods, tubes, and extrusions, but it is not ideal for very short lengths, smalls ODs/IDs, or hard metals.

Learn some common myths about plastic and reasons why it may not be a better choice than metal tubing for medical device applications.

Learn how additive manufacturing (AM) — one of today’s fastest growing technological innovations — is changing the face of contract manufacturing everywhere.

Metal Cutting Corporation uses visual and mechanical methods of metal inspection to help ensure that small parts meet customers’ manufacturing requirements.

The process of creating a vacuum atmosphere, either repeatedly or in one-time production, is an important part of electronic component manufacturing.

Learn the advantages of copper tungsten electrodes for resistance spot welding of wire harnesses in battery electric vehicles (BEVs).

Metal tubing continues to play a critical role in medical device manufacturing, but with the array of available plastic materials it can be hard to determine which material is the right one.

Industry Trend No. 1: Increased exporting and global trade has a positive impact on revenue, growth, and competitiveness, while expanding a manufacturer’s customer base.

Small gages such as pin gages or pin plug gages are useful tools for inspecting IDs and making sure small diameter metal tubing meets specified tolerances.

Celebrating 50 Years of Precision Manufacturing: Metal Cutting Corporation is genuinely thrilled to say we have just passed a significant milestone in our company history.

For deburring of small metal parts, mass production requires the action of hand tools to be re-created by mechanical devices suited to high-volume applications.

Tungsten, also known as wolfram or volfram, has a high melting point and other interesting properties that are useful in many industries and products.

Learn about the five major challenges to consider when choosing CNC machining services and a partner for the manufacture of complex and precise small parts.

For measuring and inspecting the ID of small parts tubing, pin gages or optical measurement systems help ensure that small tubing will meet specifications.

It’s critical to choose a supplier you can envision working with for the long haul. Review these practical guidelines to make the right decision.

For EDM electrodes, copper tungsten offers excellent electrical conductivity, DC arcing resistance, thermal conductivity, and wear resistance.

Theory of Metal ... – Feed f (m): the lateral distance traveled by the tool during one revolution. – Depth of cut d (m). • Material Removal Rate: – ...

Learn the vital components of an effective quality control program and its role in ensuring that metal parts meet their requirements for design and function.

Learn more about the principles of centerless grinding and how it can be used to achieve tight tolerance surface finishes on small cylindrical metal parts.