Learn the different ways of creating and starting new threads using Thread class, Runnable interface, ExecutorService and virtual threads.

Since Java 19, virtual threads have been added as JVM-managed lightweight threads that will help in writing high throughput concurrent applications.

CompletableFuture is an extension to Future API introduced in Java 8. It implements Future and CompletionStage interfaces. It provides methods for creating, chaining and combining multiple Futures.

In the following example, CompletableFuture will start a new Thread and executes the provided task either by using runAsync() or supplyAsync() methods on that thread.

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Creating a new Thread is resource intensive. So, creating a new Thread, for every subtask, decreases the performance of the application. To overcome these problems, we should use thread pools.

A Thread is a lightweight process that allows a program to operate more efficiently by running multiple threads in parallel. In this Java concurrency tutorial, we will learn to create and execute threads in different ways and their usecases.

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When we submit a task to the executor, it executes as soon as possible. But suppose we want to execute a task after a certain amount of time or to run the task periodically then we can use ScheduledExecutorService.

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Eventually, Thread class start() method is the only way to start a new Thread in Java. The other ways (except virtaul threads) internally uses start() method.

Thread‘s start() method is considered the heart of multithreading. Without executing this method, we cannot start a new Thread. The other methods also internally use this method to start a thread, except virtual threads.

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The start() method is responsible for registering the thread with the platform thread scheduler and doing all the other mandatory activities such as resource allocations.

The following example is scheduling a task to be executed after 1o seconds delay, and it will return the result “completed” when it has completed its execution.

Click on the ZIP Codes in the interactive map to view more information. The map control in the upper right corner can be used to toggle map layers on and off. The red outline is the border of La Puebla and can be turned on and off. Each type of postal code can also be turned on and off.

We have learned the different ways of creating and starting a new Thread in java. We learned the methods of creating Thread class, Runnable interface, ExecutorService and even virtual threads.

Implementing the Runnable interface is considered a better approach because, in this way, the thread class can extend any other class. Remember, in Java, a class can extend only one class but implement multiple interfaces.

A thread pool is a pool of already created Threads ready to do our task. In Java, ExecutorService is the backbone of creating and managing thread pools. We can submit either a Runnable or a Callable task in the ExecutorService, and it executes the submitted task using the one of the threads in the pool.