1/2 npt threaddimensions in mm

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The NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.

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1 2 npt threadsize chart

Table of ContentsList of Series defined in ASME B1-20.1Designations of National Pipe ThreadsNPT series – Tapered Pipe ThreadCommon Dimensions (Pipe & Fitting)Pipe (External) DimensionsFitting (Internal) DimensionsLimits & TolerancesNPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadNPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadNPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknuts

National Pipe Thread is an American standard defined in ASME B1-20.1 The most popular series is Tapered Pipe Thread (NPT). However, other series, such as NPTSC and NPTR, are also defined by this document.

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NPT threaddimensions PDF

NPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

Using the data tables and the milling formulas below, you can calculate the speeds and feeds of any carbide end mills and diamond end mills. Are you using a Harvey tool? Click here for speeds and feeds specific to your tool.

Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

The Jargon, calculations, and charts that define NPT threads are very different compared with standard metric and inch threads. This webpage will explain the difference between the various series, how each parameter is defined, and show how to find the correct basic dimensions and tolerances for each thread.

Because of that, the set of parameters and measuring techniques is very different (and often confusing) compared to Unified Inch and metric threads. To make the explanations and drawings more straightforward, we split them into 3 sections:An assembly drawing of a pipe (External thread) and fitting (Internal thread) showing only the parameters that are either common to both or are relevant to the assembly.External (Pipe) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Internal (Fitting) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Common Dimensions (Pipe & Fitting)When assembling with “hand force”, the male and female parts of a tapered thread will turn several rotations until the clearance is closed, and a “stop” is reached. This distance is called “Hand Tight Engagement Length”, and it is usually measured by an “L1 Gauge”. To form the seal, the assembly continues with a wrench an additional distance called “Wrench Allowance”.NPT Pipe & Fitting Assembly DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationPPitchGiven in TPI, and used in calculations as distanceßThread Taper AngleEquals1°47' (1.7833°)Defined by ASME B1.20 as 0.75 in/ftIn Metric units 6.25 mm/mTolerance is defined in the below chartαThread V Half Angle (+/-)Equals 30°Tolerance is defined in the below chartHHeight of sharp VThe height of the theoretical profile triangle.\( H=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\times{P} \)hThread HeightDistance between the truncated root and crest.\( h=0.800\times{P} \)L1Length of hand-tight engagementThe maximum distance that the male and female parts can be threaded by normal hand force.E1Pitch Diameter at L1 planeThe Pitch d diameter at the plane of hand-tight engagement length (L1) of external thread (Pipe), and at the large end of internal thread (Fitting)L1 - L2Maximum Wrenching DistanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be further tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane.L3Minimum Wrenching DistanceNPT Pipe (External) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, & ß are defined in the assembly section above.DPipe ODOuter diameter of the pipeE0Pitch Diameter at the Pipe's endE0=D - (O.O5*D + 1.1 ) * PK0Minor Diameter at the Pipe's endGiven as information for use in selecting tap drills.L5Length of Last Complete ThreadWhere the cone of the major diameter intersects the outside diameter of the pipe. From this point onward, the thread profile is not complete.E5Pitch Diameter at L5 planeE5 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L5L2Length of Last usefull ThreadLength of Last proper Thread. At L5, the thread profile starts to get truncated, but it is still considered "useful" until this point.E2Pitch Diameter at E2 PlaneE2 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L2L4Thread Length (L4)At this point, the thread disappears due to the taper angle.VLength of Vanish threadsThe length of "Unuseful" threads.V = L4 - L2Click the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread DataBasic Dimensions Chart – NPT External ThreadsThreadPipepipe ODTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Engagement Length (L1)Pitch Diameter (E1)Thread Length (L4)Usefull Length (L2)Vanished Length (V)Thread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Minor Diameter (K0)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L2 (E2)Pitch Diameter at L5 (E5)1/16-27 NPT1/160.3125270.03700.271180.160000.281180.389600.261100.128500.0296300.0320750.241600.281180.287500.28287Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT1/80.4050270.03700.363510.161500.373600.392400.263900.128500.0296300.0320750.333900.373600.380000.37537Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT1/40.5400180.05560.477390.227800.491630.594600.401800.192800.0444400.0481130.432900.491630.502500.49556Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT3/80.6750180.05560.612010.240000.627010.600600.407800.192800.0444400.0481130.567600.627010.637500.63056Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT1/20.8400140.07140.758430.320000.778430.781500.533700.247800.0571400.0618590.701300.778430.791790.78286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT3/41.0500140.07140.967680.339000.988870.793500.545700.247800.0571400.0618590.910500.988871.001790.99286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT11.3150120.08701.213630.400001.238630.984500.682800.301700.0695700.0753071.144101.238631.256301.24543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT1 1/41.6600120.08701.557130.420001.583381.008500.706800.301700.0695700.0753071.487601.583381.601301.59043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT1 1/21.9000120.08701.796090.420001.822341.025200.723500.301700.0695700.0753071.726501.822341.841301.83043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT22.3750120.08702.269020.436002.296271.058200.756500.301700.0695700.0753072.199502.296272.316302.30543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT2 1/22.875080.12502.719530.682002.762161.571201.137500.433800.1000000.1082532.619502.762162.790622.77500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT33.500080.12503.340620.766003.388501.633701.200000.433800.1000000.1082533.240603.388503.415623.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT3 1/24.000080.12503.837500.821003.888811.683701.250000.433800.1000000.1082533.737503.888813.915623.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT44.500080.12504.334380.844004.387121.733701.300000.433800.1000000.1082534.234404.387124.415624.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT55.563080.12505.390730.937005.449291.840001.406300.433800.1000000.1082535.290705.449295.478625.46300Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT66.625080.12506.446090.958006.505971.946201.512500.433800.1000000.1082536.346106.505976.540626.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT88.625080.12508.433591.063008.500032.146201.712500.433800.1000000.1082538.333608.500038.540628.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT1010.750080.125010.545311.2100010.620942.358701.925000.433800.1000000.10825310.4453010.6209410.6656210.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT1212.750080.125012.532811.3600012.617812.558702.125000.433800.1000000.10825312.4328012.6178112.6656312.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT1414.000080.125013.775001.5620013.872622.683702.250000.433800.1000000.10825313.6749013.8726213.9156313.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT1616.000080.125015.762501.8120015.875752.883702.450000.433800.1000000.10825315.6624015.8757515.9156315.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT1818.000080.125017.750002.0000017.875003.083702.650000.433800.1000000.10825317.6499017.8750017.9156317.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT2020.000080.125019.737502.1250019.870313.283702.850000.433800.1000000.10825319.6734019.8703119.9156319.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT2424.000080.125023.712502.3750023.680943.683703.250000.433800.1000000.10825323.6124023.6809423.9156323.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢NPT Fitting (Internal) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbols for NPT Internal (Fitting Thread)SymbolNameExplnationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, and ß are defined in the assembly section above.E1Pitch Diameter at the fitting's endE1 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L1L3Length of Wrenching AllowanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane by a minimum distance of L3.E3Pitch Diameter at the L3 PlaneE3 = E1 - 0.0625 *  (L1+L3)L1 + L3Thread LengthMinimum Thread length in the fittingTTap Drill SizeRecomended Drill diameter for tapping.Basic Dimensions Chart – NPT Internal ThreadsClick the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread Data ThreadTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Min Thread Length (L1+L3)Tap Drill SizeThread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Length of Hand-Tight Engagemen (L1)Length of Wrenching Allowance (L3)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L3 (E3)1/16-27 NPT270.03700.281180.271100.246000.0296300.0320750.261100.128500.281180.28750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT270.03700.373600.272600.332000.0296300.0320750.263900.128500.373600.38000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT180.05560.491630.394500.437500.0444400.0481130.401800.192800.491630.50250Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT180.05560.627010.406700.562500.0444400.0481130.407800.192800.627010.63750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT140.07140.778430.534300.703100.0571400.0618590.533700.247800.778430.79179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT140.07140.988870.553300.781300.0571400.0618590.545700.247800.988871.00179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT120.08701.238630.660901.140600.0695700.0753070.682800.301701.238631.25630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT120.08701.583380.680901.484400.0695700.0753070.706800.301701.583381.60130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT120.08701.822340.680901.734400.0695700.0753070.723500.301701.822341.84130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT120.08702.296270.696902.203130.0695700.0753070.756500.301702.296272.31630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT80.12502.762160.932000.000000.1000000.1082531.137500.433802.762162.79062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT80.12503.388501.016000.000000.1000000.1082531.200000.433803.388503.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT80.12503.888811.071000.000000.1000000.1082531.250000.433803.888813.91562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT80.12504.387121.094000.000000.1000000.1082531.300000.433804.387124.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT80.12505.449291.187000.000000.1000000.1082531.406300.433805.449295.47862Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT80.12506.505971.208000.000000.1000000.1082531.512500.433806.505976.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT80.12508.500031.313000.000000.1000000.1082531.712500.433808.500038.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT80.125010.620941.460000.000000.1000000.1082531.925000.4338010.6209410.66562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT80.125012.617811.610000.000000.1000000.1082532.125000.4338012.6178112.66563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT80.125013.872621.812000.000000.1000000.1082532.250000.4338013.8726213.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT80.125015.875752.062000.000000.1000000.1082532.450000.4338015.8757515.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT80.125017.875002.250000.000000.1000000.1082532.650000.4338017.8750017.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT80.125019.870312.375000.000000.1000000.1082532.850000.4338019.8703119.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT80.125023.680942.625000.000000.1000000.1082533.250000.4338023.6809423.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢Limits & Tolerances for NPT threadsThe tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

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The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

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1 NPT threaddimensions in mm

When assembling with “hand force”, the male and female parts of a tapered thread will turn several rotations until the clearance is closed, and a “stop” is reached. This distance is called “Hand Tight Engagement Length”, and it is usually measured by an “L1 Gauge”. To form the seal, the assembly continues with a wrench an additional distance called “Wrench Allowance”.NPT Pipe & Fitting Assembly DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationPPitchGiven in TPI, and used in calculations as distanceßThread Taper AngleEquals1°47' (1.7833°)Defined by ASME B1.20 as 0.75 in/ftIn Metric units 6.25 mm/mTolerance is defined in the below chartαThread V Half Angle (+/-)Equals 30°Tolerance is defined in the below chartHHeight of sharp VThe height of the theoretical profile triangle.\( H=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\times{P} \)hThread HeightDistance between the truncated root and crest.\( h=0.800\times{P} \)L1Length of hand-tight engagementThe maximum distance that the male and female parts can be threaded by normal hand force.E1Pitch Diameter at L1 planeThe Pitch d diameter at the plane of hand-tight engagement length (L1) of external thread (Pipe), and at the large end of internal thread (Fitting)L1 - L2Maximum Wrenching DistanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be further tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane.L3Minimum Wrenching DistanceNPT Pipe (External) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, & ß are defined in the assembly section above.DPipe ODOuter diameter of the pipeE0Pitch Diameter at the Pipe's endE0=D - (O.O5*D + 1.1 ) * PK0Minor Diameter at the Pipe's endGiven as information for use in selecting tap drills.L5Length of Last Complete ThreadWhere the cone of the major diameter intersects the outside diameter of the pipe. From this point onward, the thread profile is not complete.E5Pitch Diameter at L5 planeE5 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L5L2Length of Last usefull ThreadLength of Last proper Thread. At L5, the thread profile starts to get truncated, but it is still considered "useful" until this point.E2Pitch Diameter at E2 PlaneE2 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L2L4Thread Length (L4)At this point, the thread disappears due to the taper angle.VLength of Vanish threadsThe length of "Unuseful" threads.V = L4 - L2Click the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread DataBasic Dimensions Chart – NPT External ThreadsThreadPipepipe ODTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Engagement Length (L1)Pitch Diameter (E1)Thread Length (L4)Usefull Length (L2)Vanished Length (V)Thread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Minor Diameter (K0)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L2 (E2)Pitch Diameter at L5 (E5)1/16-27 NPT1/160.3125270.03700.271180.160000.281180.389600.261100.128500.0296300.0320750.241600.281180.287500.28287Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT1/80.4050270.03700.363510.161500.373600.392400.263900.128500.0296300.0320750.333900.373600.380000.37537Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT1/40.5400180.05560.477390.227800.491630.594600.401800.192800.0444400.0481130.432900.491630.502500.49556Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT3/80.6750180.05560.612010.240000.627010.600600.407800.192800.0444400.0481130.567600.627010.637500.63056Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT1/20.8400140.07140.758430.320000.778430.781500.533700.247800.0571400.0618590.701300.778430.791790.78286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT3/41.0500140.07140.967680.339000.988870.793500.545700.247800.0571400.0618590.910500.988871.001790.99286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT11.3150120.08701.213630.400001.238630.984500.682800.301700.0695700.0753071.144101.238631.256301.24543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT1 1/41.6600120.08701.557130.420001.583381.008500.706800.301700.0695700.0753071.487601.583381.601301.59043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT1 1/21.9000120.08701.796090.420001.822341.025200.723500.301700.0695700.0753071.726501.822341.841301.83043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT22.3750120.08702.269020.436002.296271.058200.756500.301700.0695700.0753072.199502.296272.316302.30543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT2 1/22.875080.12502.719530.682002.762161.571201.137500.433800.1000000.1082532.619502.762162.790622.77500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT33.500080.12503.340620.766003.388501.633701.200000.433800.1000000.1082533.240603.388503.415623.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT3 1/24.000080.12503.837500.821003.888811.683701.250000.433800.1000000.1082533.737503.888813.915623.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT44.500080.12504.334380.844004.387121.733701.300000.433800.1000000.1082534.234404.387124.415624.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT55.563080.12505.390730.937005.449291.840001.406300.433800.1000000.1082535.290705.449295.478625.46300Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT66.625080.12506.446090.958006.505971.946201.512500.433800.1000000.1082536.346106.505976.540626.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT88.625080.12508.433591.063008.500032.146201.712500.433800.1000000.1082538.333608.500038.540628.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT1010.750080.125010.545311.2100010.620942.358701.925000.433800.1000000.10825310.4453010.6209410.6656210.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT1212.750080.125012.532811.3600012.617812.558702.125000.433800.1000000.10825312.4328012.6178112.6656312.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT1414.000080.125013.775001.5620013.872622.683702.250000.433800.1000000.10825313.6749013.8726213.9156313.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT1616.000080.125015.762501.8120015.875752.883702.450000.433800.1000000.10825315.6624015.8757515.9156315.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT1818.000080.125017.750002.0000017.875003.083702.650000.433800.1000000.10825317.6499017.8750017.9156317.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT2020.000080.125019.737502.1250019.870313.283702.850000.433800.1000000.10825319.6734019.8703119.9156319.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT2424.000080.125023.712502.3750023.680943.683703.250000.433800.1000000.10825323.6124023.6809423.9156323.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢NPT Fitting (Internal) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbols for NPT Internal (Fitting Thread)SymbolNameExplnationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, and ß are defined in the assembly section above.E1Pitch Diameter at the fitting's endE1 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L1L3Length of Wrenching AllowanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane by a minimum distance of L3.E3Pitch Diameter at the L3 PlaneE3 = E1 - 0.0625 *  (L1+L3)L1 + L3Thread LengthMinimum Thread length in the fittingTTap Drill SizeRecomended Drill diameter for tapping.Basic Dimensions Chart – NPT Internal ThreadsClick the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread Data ThreadTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Min Thread Length (L1+L3)Tap Drill SizeThread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Length of Hand-Tight Engagemen (L1)Length of Wrenching Allowance (L3)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L3 (E3)1/16-27 NPT270.03700.281180.271100.246000.0296300.0320750.261100.128500.281180.28750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT270.03700.373600.272600.332000.0296300.0320750.263900.128500.373600.38000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT180.05560.491630.394500.437500.0444400.0481130.401800.192800.491630.50250Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT180.05560.627010.406700.562500.0444400.0481130.407800.192800.627010.63750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT140.07140.778430.534300.703100.0571400.0618590.533700.247800.778430.79179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT140.07140.988870.553300.781300.0571400.0618590.545700.247800.988871.00179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT120.08701.238630.660901.140600.0695700.0753070.682800.301701.238631.25630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT120.08701.583380.680901.484400.0695700.0753070.706800.301701.583381.60130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT120.08701.822340.680901.734400.0695700.0753070.723500.301701.822341.84130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT120.08702.296270.696902.203130.0695700.0753070.756500.301702.296272.31630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT80.12502.762160.932000.000000.1000000.1082531.137500.433802.762162.79062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT80.12503.388501.016000.000000.1000000.1082531.200000.433803.388503.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT80.12503.888811.071000.000000.1000000.1082531.250000.433803.888813.91562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT80.12504.387121.094000.000000.1000000.1082531.300000.433804.387124.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT80.12505.449291.187000.000000.1000000.1082531.406300.433805.449295.47862Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT80.12506.505971.208000.000000.1000000.1082531.512500.433806.505976.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT80.12508.500031.313000.000000.1000000.1082531.712500.433808.500038.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT80.125010.620941.460000.000000.1000000.1082531.925000.4338010.6209410.66562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT80.125012.617811.610000.000000.1000000.1082532.125000.4338012.6178112.66563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT80.125013.872621.812000.000000.1000000.1082532.250000.4338013.8726213.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT80.125015.875752.062000.000000.1000000.1082532.450000.4338015.8757515.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT80.125017.875002.250000.000000.1000000.1082532.650000.4338017.8750017.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT80.125019.870312.375000.000000.1000000.1082532.850000.4338019.8703119.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT80.125023.680942.625000.000000.1000000.1082533.250000.4338023.6809423.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢Limits & Tolerances for NPT threadsThe tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

Additional Parameters:Direction: By default, the thread is right-hand. For a left-hand thread, add the suffix -LH.NPT series – Tapered Pipe ThreadNPT stands for National Pipe Tapered threads. The basic profile is a 60° truncated triangle similar to the Unified Inch threads (UNC/UNF). The main difference is that the thread profile is tapered at an angle of 1°47′ (0.75 in/ft or 62.5 mm/m) relative to the axis. The taper on NPT threads allows them to form a seal when torqued as the flanks of the external and internal threads compress against each other (no clearance remains between the crests and roots of the threads because of the taper). Depending on the application, it can be used with or without a thread sealant.The profile properties, such as height, pitch, and truncations, are constant. However, the pitch diameter is not a constant value. It changes depending on the distance from the beginning of the thread. Because of that, the set of parameters and measuring techniques is very different (and often confusing) compared to Unified Inch and metric threads. To make the explanations and drawings more straightforward, we split them into 3 sections:An assembly drawing of a pipe (External thread) and fitting (Internal thread) showing only the parameters that are either common to both or are relevant to the assembly.External (Pipe) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Internal (Fitting) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Common Dimensions (Pipe & Fitting)When assembling with “hand force”, the male and female parts of a tapered thread will turn several rotations until the clearance is closed, and a “stop” is reached. This distance is called “Hand Tight Engagement Length”, and it is usually measured by an “L1 Gauge”. To form the seal, the assembly continues with a wrench an additional distance called “Wrench Allowance”.NPT Pipe & Fitting Assembly DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationPPitchGiven in TPI, and used in calculations as distanceßThread Taper AngleEquals1°47' (1.7833°)Defined by ASME B1.20 as 0.75 in/ftIn Metric units 6.25 mm/mTolerance is defined in the below chartαThread V Half Angle (+/-)Equals 30°Tolerance is defined in the below chartHHeight of sharp VThe height of the theoretical profile triangle.\( H=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\times{P} \)hThread HeightDistance between the truncated root and crest.\( h=0.800\times{P} \)L1Length of hand-tight engagementThe maximum distance that the male and female parts can be threaded by normal hand force.E1Pitch Diameter at L1 planeThe Pitch d diameter at the plane of hand-tight engagement length (L1) of external thread (Pipe), and at the large end of internal thread (Fitting)L1 - L2Maximum Wrenching DistanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be further tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane.L3Minimum Wrenching DistanceNPT Pipe (External) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, & ß are defined in the assembly section above.DPipe ODOuter diameter of the pipeE0Pitch Diameter at the Pipe's endE0=D - (O.O5*D + 1.1 ) * PK0Minor Diameter at the Pipe's endGiven as information for use in selecting tap drills.L5Length of Last Complete ThreadWhere the cone of the major diameter intersects the outside diameter of the pipe. From this point onward, the thread profile is not complete.E5Pitch Diameter at L5 planeE5 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L5L2Length of Last usefull ThreadLength of Last proper Thread. At L5, the thread profile starts to get truncated, but it is still considered "useful" until this point.E2Pitch Diameter at E2 PlaneE2 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L2L4Thread Length (L4)At this point, the thread disappears due to the taper angle.VLength of Vanish threadsThe length of "Unuseful" threads.V = L4 - L2Click the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread DataBasic Dimensions Chart – NPT External ThreadsThreadPipepipe ODTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Engagement Length (L1)Pitch Diameter (E1)Thread Length (L4)Usefull Length (L2)Vanished Length (V)Thread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Minor Diameter (K0)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L2 (E2)Pitch Diameter at L5 (E5)1/16-27 NPT1/160.3125270.03700.271180.160000.281180.389600.261100.128500.0296300.0320750.241600.281180.287500.28287Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT1/80.4050270.03700.363510.161500.373600.392400.263900.128500.0296300.0320750.333900.373600.380000.37537Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT1/40.5400180.05560.477390.227800.491630.594600.401800.192800.0444400.0481130.432900.491630.502500.49556Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT3/80.6750180.05560.612010.240000.627010.600600.407800.192800.0444400.0481130.567600.627010.637500.63056Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT1/20.8400140.07140.758430.320000.778430.781500.533700.247800.0571400.0618590.701300.778430.791790.78286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT3/41.0500140.07140.967680.339000.988870.793500.545700.247800.0571400.0618590.910500.988871.001790.99286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT11.3150120.08701.213630.400001.238630.984500.682800.301700.0695700.0753071.144101.238631.256301.24543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT1 1/41.6600120.08701.557130.420001.583381.008500.706800.301700.0695700.0753071.487601.583381.601301.59043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT1 1/21.9000120.08701.796090.420001.822341.025200.723500.301700.0695700.0753071.726501.822341.841301.83043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT22.3750120.08702.269020.436002.296271.058200.756500.301700.0695700.0753072.199502.296272.316302.30543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT2 1/22.875080.12502.719530.682002.762161.571201.137500.433800.1000000.1082532.619502.762162.790622.77500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT33.500080.12503.340620.766003.388501.633701.200000.433800.1000000.1082533.240603.388503.415623.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT3 1/24.000080.12503.837500.821003.888811.683701.250000.433800.1000000.1082533.737503.888813.915623.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT44.500080.12504.334380.844004.387121.733701.300000.433800.1000000.1082534.234404.387124.415624.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT55.563080.12505.390730.937005.449291.840001.406300.433800.1000000.1082535.290705.449295.478625.46300Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT66.625080.12506.446090.958006.505971.946201.512500.433800.1000000.1082536.346106.505976.540626.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT88.625080.12508.433591.063008.500032.146201.712500.433800.1000000.1082538.333608.500038.540628.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT1010.750080.125010.545311.2100010.620942.358701.925000.433800.1000000.10825310.4453010.6209410.6656210.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT1212.750080.125012.532811.3600012.617812.558702.125000.433800.1000000.10825312.4328012.6178112.6656312.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT1414.000080.125013.775001.5620013.872622.683702.250000.433800.1000000.10825313.6749013.8726213.9156313.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT1616.000080.125015.762501.8120015.875752.883702.450000.433800.1000000.10825315.6624015.8757515.9156315.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT1818.000080.125017.750002.0000017.875003.083702.650000.433800.1000000.10825317.6499017.8750017.9156317.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT2020.000080.125019.737502.1250019.870313.283702.850000.433800.1000000.10825319.6734019.8703119.9156319.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT2424.000080.125023.712502.3750023.680943.683703.250000.433800.1000000.10825323.6124023.6809423.9156323.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢NPT Fitting (Internal) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbols for NPT Internal (Fitting Thread)SymbolNameExplnationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, and ß are defined in the assembly section above.E1Pitch Diameter at the fitting's endE1 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L1L3Length of Wrenching AllowanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane by a minimum distance of L3.E3Pitch Diameter at the L3 PlaneE3 = E1 - 0.0625 *  (L1+L3)L1 + L3Thread LengthMinimum Thread length in the fittingTTap Drill SizeRecomended Drill diameter for tapping.Basic Dimensions Chart – NPT Internal ThreadsClick the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread Data ThreadTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Min Thread Length (L1+L3)Tap Drill SizeThread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Length of Hand-Tight Engagemen (L1)Length of Wrenching Allowance (L3)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L3 (E3)1/16-27 NPT270.03700.281180.271100.246000.0296300.0320750.261100.128500.281180.28750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT270.03700.373600.272600.332000.0296300.0320750.263900.128500.373600.38000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT180.05560.491630.394500.437500.0444400.0481130.401800.192800.491630.50250Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT180.05560.627010.406700.562500.0444400.0481130.407800.192800.627010.63750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT140.07140.778430.534300.703100.0571400.0618590.533700.247800.778430.79179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT140.07140.988870.553300.781300.0571400.0618590.545700.247800.988871.00179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT120.08701.238630.660901.140600.0695700.0753070.682800.301701.238631.25630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT120.08701.583380.680901.484400.0695700.0753070.706800.301701.583381.60130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT120.08701.822340.680901.734400.0695700.0753070.723500.301701.822341.84130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT120.08702.296270.696902.203130.0695700.0753070.756500.301702.296272.31630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT80.12502.762160.932000.000000.1000000.1082531.137500.433802.762162.79062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT80.12503.388501.016000.000000.1000000.1082531.200000.433803.388503.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT80.12503.888811.071000.000000.1000000.1082531.250000.433803.888813.91562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT80.12504.387121.094000.000000.1000000.1082531.300000.433804.387124.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT80.12505.449291.187000.000000.1000000.1082531.406300.433805.449295.47862Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT80.12506.505971.208000.000000.1000000.1082531.512500.433806.505976.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT80.12508.500031.313000.000000.1000000.1082531.712500.433808.500038.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT80.125010.620941.460000.000000.1000000.1082531.925000.4338010.6209410.66562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT80.125012.617811.610000.000000.1000000.1082532.125000.4338012.6178112.66563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT80.125013.872621.812000.000000.1000000.1082532.250000.4338013.8726213.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT80.125015.875752.062000.000000.1000000.1082532.450000.4338015.8757515.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT80.125017.875002.250000.000000.1000000.1082532.650000.4338017.8750017.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT80.125019.870312.375000.000000.1000000.1082532.850000.4338019.8703119.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT80.125023.680942.625000.000000.1000000.1082533.250000.4338023.6809423.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢Limits & Tolerances for NPT threadsThe tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

Click icon to show Full Thread DataBasic Dimensions Chart – NPT External ThreadsThreadPipepipe ODTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Engagement Length (L1)Pitch Diameter (E1)Thread Length (L4)Usefull Length (L2)Vanished Length (V)Thread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Minor Diameter (K0)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L2 (E2)Pitch Diameter at L5 (E5)1/16-27 NPT1/160.3125270.03700.271180.160000.281180.389600.261100.128500.0296300.0320750.241600.281180.287500.28287Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT1/80.4050270.03700.363510.161500.373600.392400.263900.128500.0296300.0320750.333900.373600.380000.37537Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT1/40.5400180.05560.477390.227800.491630.594600.401800.192800.0444400.0481130.432900.491630.502500.49556Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT3/80.6750180.05560.612010.240000.627010.600600.407800.192800.0444400.0481130.567600.627010.637500.63056Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT1/20.8400140.07140.758430.320000.778430.781500.533700.247800.0571400.0618590.701300.778430.791790.78286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT3/41.0500140.07140.967680.339000.988870.793500.545700.247800.0571400.0618590.910500.988871.001790.99286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT11.3150120.08701.213630.400001.238630.984500.682800.301700.0695700.0753071.144101.238631.256301.24543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT1 1/41.6600120.08701.557130.420001.583381.008500.706800.301700.0695700.0753071.487601.583381.601301.59043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT1 1/21.9000120.08701.796090.420001.822341.025200.723500.301700.0695700.0753071.726501.822341.841301.83043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT22.3750120.08702.269020.436002.296271.058200.756500.301700.0695700.0753072.199502.296272.316302.30543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT2 1/22.875080.12502.719530.682002.762161.571201.137500.433800.1000000.1082532.619502.762162.790622.77500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT33.500080.12503.340620.766003.388501.633701.200000.433800.1000000.1082533.240603.388503.415623.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT3 1/24.000080.12503.837500.821003.888811.683701.250000.433800.1000000.1082533.737503.888813.915623.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT44.500080.12504.334380.844004.387121.733701.300000.433800.1000000.1082534.234404.387124.415624.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT55.563080.12505.390730.937005.449291.840001.406300.433800.1000000.1082535.290705.449295.478625.46300Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT66.625080.12506.446090.958006.505971.946201.512500.433800.1000000.1082536.346106.505976.540626.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT88.625080.12508.433591.063008.500032.146201.712500.433800.1000000.1082538.333608.500038.540628.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT1010.750080.125010.545311.2100010.620942.358701.925000.433800.1000000.10825310.4453010.6209410.6656210.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT1212.750080.125012.532811.3600012.617812.558702.125000.433800.1000000.10825312.4328012.6178112.6656312.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT1414.000080.125013.775001.5620013.872622.683702.250000.433800.1000000.10825313.6749013.8726213.9156313.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT1616.000080.125015.762501.8120015.875752.883702.450000.433800.1000000.10825315.6624015.8757515.9156315.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT1818.000080.125017.750002.0000017.875003.083702.650000.433800.1000000.10825317.6499017.8750017.9156317.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT2020.000080.125019.737502.1250019.870313.283702.850000.433800.1000000.10825319.6734019.8703119.9156319.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT2424.000080.125023.712502.3750023.680943.683703.250000.433800.1000000.10825323.6124023.6809423.9156323.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢NPT Fitting (Internal) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbols for NPT Internal (Fitting Thread)SymbolNameExplnationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, and ß are defined in the assembly section above.E1Pitch Diameter at the fitting's endE1 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L1L3Length of Wrenching AllowanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane by a minimum distance of L3.E3Pitch Diameter at the L3 PlaneE3 = E1 - 0.0625 *  (L1+L3)L1 + L3Thread LengthMinimum Thread length in the fittingTTap Drill SizeRecomended Drill diameter for tapping.Basic Dimensions Chart – NPT Internal ThreadsClick the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread Data ThreadTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Min Thread Length (L1+L3)Tap Drill SizeThread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Length of Hand-Tight Engagemen (L1)Length of Wrenching Allowance (L3)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L3 (E3)1/16-27 NPT270.03700.281180.271100.246000.0296300.0320750.261100.128500.281180.28750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT270.03700.373600.272600.332000.0296300.0320750.263900.128500.373600.38000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT180.05560.491630.394500.437500.0444400.0481130.401800.192800.491630.50250Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT180.05560.627010.406700.562500.0444400.0481130.407800.192800.627010.63750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT140.07140.778430.534300.703100.0571400.0618590.533700.247800.778430.79179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT140.07140.988870.553300.781300.0571400.0618590.545700.247800.988871.00179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT120.08701.238630.660901.140600.0695700.0753070.682800.301701.238631.25630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT120.08701.583380.680901.484400.0695700.0753070.706800.301701.583381.60130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT120.08701.822340.680901.734400.0695700.0753070.723500.301701.822341.84130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT120.08702.296270.696902.203130.0695700.0753070.756500.301702.296272.31630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT80.12502.762160.932000.000000.1000000.1082531.137500.433802.762162.79062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT80.12503.388501.016000.000000.1000000.1082531.200000.433803.388503.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT80.12503.888811.071000.000000.1000000.1082531.250000.433803.888813.91562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT80.12504.387121.094000.000000.1000000.1082531.300000.433804.387124.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT80.12505.449291.187000.000000.1000000.1082531.406300.433805.449295.47862Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT80.12506.505971.208000.000000.1000000.1082531.512500.433806.505976.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT80.12508.500031.313000.000000.1000000.1082531.712500.433808.500038.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT80.125010.620941.460000.000000.1000000.1082531.925000.4338010.6209410.66562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT80.125012.617811.610000.000000.1000000.1082532.125000.4338012.6178112.66563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT80.125013.872621.812000.000000.1000000.1082532.250000.4338013.8726213.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT80.125015.875752.062000.000000.1000000.1082532.450000.4338015.8757515.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT80.125017.875002.250000.000000.1000000.1082532.650000.4338017.8750017.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT80.125019.870312.375000.000000.1000000.1082532.850000.4338019.8703119.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT80.125023.680942.625000.000000.1000000.1082533.250000.4338023.6809423.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢Limits & Tolerances for NPT threadsThe tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

The external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.

Click icon to show Full Thread Data ThreadTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Min Thread Length (L1+L3)Tap Drill SizeThread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Length of Hand-Tight Engagemen (L1)Length of Wrenching Allowance (L3)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L3 (E3)1/16-27 NPT270.03700.281180.271100.246000.0296300.0320750.261100.128500.281180.28750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT270.03700.373600.272600.332000.0296300.0320750.263900.128500.373600.38000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT180.05560.491630.394500.437500.0444400.0481130.401800.192800.491630.50250Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT180.05560.627010.406700.562500.0444400.0481130.407800.192800.627010.63750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT140.07140.778430.534300.703100.0571400.0618590.533700.247800.778430.79179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT140.07140.988870.553300.781300.0571400.0618590.545700.247800.988871.00179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT120.08701.238630.660901.140600.0695700.0753070.682800.301701.238631.25630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT120.08701.583380.680901.484400.0695700.0753070.706800.301701.583381.60130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT120.08701.822340.680901.734400.0695700.0753070.723500.301701.822341.84130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT120.08702.296270.696902.203130.0695700.0753070.756500.301702.296272.31630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT80.12502.762160.932000.000000.1000000.1082531.137500.433802.762162.79062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT80.12503.388501.016000.000000.1000000.1082531.200000.433803.388503.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT80.12503.888811.071000.000000.1000000.1082531.250000.433803.888813.91562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT80.12504.387121.094000.000000.1000000.1082531.300000.433804.387124.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT80.12505.449291.187000.000000.1000000.1082531.406300.433805.449295.47862Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT80.12506.505971.208000.000000.1000000.1082531.512500.433806.505976.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT80.12508.500031.313000.000000.1000000.1082531.712500.433808.500038.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT80.125010.620941.460000.000000.1000000.1082531.925000.4338010.6209410.66562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT80.125012.617811.610000.000000.1000000.1082532.125000.4338012.6178112.66563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT80.125013.872621.812000.000000.1000000.1082532.250000.4338013.8726213.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT80.125015.875752.062000.000000.1000000.1082532.450000.4338015.8757515.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT80.125017.875002.250000.000000.1000000.1082532.650000.4338017.8750017.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT80.125019.870312.375000.000000.1000000.1082532.850000.4338019.8703119.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT80.125023.680942.625000.000000.1000000.1082533.250000.4338023.6809423.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢Limits & Tolerances for NPT threadsThe tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

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Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

1/2-14nptdimensions

Using the data tables and the milling formulas below, you can calculate the speeds and feeds of any carbide end mills and diamond end mills. Are you using a Harvey tool? Click here for speeds and feeds specific to your tool.

The Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:

NPT stands for National Pipe Tapered threads. The basic profile is a 60° truncated triangle similar to the Unified Inch threads (UNC/UNF). The main difference is that the thread profile is tapered at an angle of 1°47′ (0.75 in/ft or 62.5 mm/m) relative to the axis. The taper on NPT threads allows them to form a seal when torqued as the flanks of the external and internal threads compress against each other (no clearance remains between the crests and roots of the threads because of the taper). Depending on the application, it can be used with or without a thread sealant.The profile properties, such as height, pitch, and truncations, are constant. However, the pitch diameter is not a constant value. It changes depending on the distance from the beginning of the thread. Because of that, the set of parameters and measuring techniques is very different (and often confusing) compared to Unified Inch and metric threads. To make the explanations and drawings more straightforward, we split them into 3 sections:An assembly drawing of a pipe (External thread) and fitting (Internal thread) showing only the parameters that are either common to both or are relevant to the assembly.External (Pipe) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Internal (Fitting) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Common Dimensions (Pipe & Fitting)When assembling with “hand force”, the male and female parts of a tapered thread will turn several rotations until the clearance is closed, and a “stop” is reached. This distance is called “Hand Tight Engagement Length”, and it is usually measured by an “L1 Gauge”. To form the seal, the assembly continues with a wrench an additional distance called “Wrench Allowance”.NPT Pipe & Fitting Assembly DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationPPitchGiven in TPI, and used in calculations as distanceßThread Taper AngleEquals1°47' (1.7833°)Defined by ASME B1.20 as 0.75 in/ftIn Metric units 6.25 mm/mTolerance is defined in the below chartαThread V Half Angle (+/-)Equals 30°Tolerance is defined in the below chartHHeight of sharp VThe height of the theoretical profile triangle.\( H=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\times{P} \)hThread HeightDistance between the truncated root and crest.\( h=0.800\times{P} \)L1Length of hand-tight engagementThe maximum distance that the male and female parts can be threaded by normal hand force.E1Pitch Diameter at L1 planeThe Pitch d diameter at the plane of hand-tight engagement length (L1) of external thread (Pipe), and at the large end of internal thread (Fitting)L1 - L2Maximum Wrenching DistanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be further tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane.L3Minimum Wrenching DistanceNPT Pipe (External) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, & ß are defined in the assembly section above.DPipe ODOuter diameter of the pipeE0Pitch Diameter at the Pipe's endE0=D - (O.O5*D + 1.1 ) * PK0Minor Diameter at the Pipe's endGiven as information for use in selecting tap drills.L5Length of Last Complete ThreadWhere the cone of the major diameter intersects the outside diameter of the pipe. From this point onward, the thread profile is not complete.E5Pitch Diameter at L5 planeE5 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L5L2Length of Last usefull ThreadLength of Last proper Thread. At L5, the thread profile starts to get truncated, but it is still considered "useful" until this point.E2Pitch Diameter at E2 PlaneE2 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L2L4Thread Length (L4)At this point, the thread disappears due to the taper angle.VLength of Vanish threadsThe length of "Unuseful" threads.V = L4 - L2Click the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread DataBasic Dimensions Chart – NPT External ThreadsThreadPipepipe ODTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Engagement Length (L1)Pitch Diameter (E1)Thread Length (L4)Usefull Length (L2)Vanished Length (V)Thread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Minor Diameter (K0)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L2 (E2)Pitch Diameter at L5 (E5)1/16-27 NPT1/160.3125270.03700.271180.160000.281180.389600.261100.128500.0296300.0320750.241600.281180.287500.28287Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT1/80.4050270.03700.363510.161500.373600.392400.263900.128500.0296300.0320750.333900.373600.380000.37537Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT1/40.5400180.05560.477390.227800.491630.594600.401800.192800.0444400.0481130.432900.491630.502500.49556Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT3/80.6750180.05560.612010.240000.627010.600600.407800.192800.0444400.0481130.567600.627010.637500.63056Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT1/20.8400140.07140.758430.320000.778430.781500.533700.247800.0571400.0618590.701300.778430.791790.78286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT3/41.0500140.07140.967680.339000.988870.793500.545700.247800.0571400.0618590.910500.988871.001790.99286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT11.3150120.08701.213630.400001.238630.984500.682800.301700.0695700.0753071.144101.238631.256301.24543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT1 1/41.6600120.08701.557130.420001.583381.008500.706800.301700.0695700.0753071.487601.583381.601301.59043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT1 1/21.9000120.08701.796090.420001.822341.025200.723500.301700.0695700.0753071.726501.822341.841301.83043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT22.3750120.08702.269020.436002.296271.058200.756500.301700.0695700.0753072.199502.296272.316302.30543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT2 1/22.875080.12502.719530.682002.762161.571201.137500.433800.1000000.1082532.619502.762162.790622.77500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT33.500080.12503.340620.766003.388501.633701.200000.433800.1000000.1082533.240603.388503.415623.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT3 1/24.000080.12503.837500.821003.888811.683701.250000.433800.1000000.1082533.737503.888813.915623.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT44.500080.12504.334380.844004.387121.733701.300000.433800.1000000.1082534.234404.387124.415624.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT55.563080.12505.390730.937005.449291.840001.406300.433800.1000000.1082535.290705.449295.478625.46300Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT66.625080.12506.446090.958006.505971.946201.512500.433800.1000000.1082536.346106.505976.540626.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT88.625080.12508.433591.063008.500032.146201.712500.433800.1000000.1082538.333608.500038.540628.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT1010.750080.125010.545311.2100010.620942.358701.925000.433800.1000000.10825310.4453010.6209410.6656210.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT1212.750080.125012.532811.3600012.617812.558702.125000.433800.1000000.10825312.4328012.6178112.6656312.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT1414.000080.125013.775001.5620013.872622.683702.250000.433800.1000000.10825313.6749013.8726213.9156313.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT1616.000080.125015.762501.8120015.875752.883702.450000.433800.1000000.10825315.6624015.8757515.9156315.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT1818.000080.125017.750002.0000017.875003.083702.650000.433800.1000000.10825317.6499017.8750017.9156317.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT2020.000080.125019.737502.1250019.870313.283702.850000.433800.1000000.10825319.6734019.8703119.9156319.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT2424.000080.125023.712502.3750023.680943.683703.250000.433800.1000000.10825323.6124023.6809423.9156323.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢NPT Fitting (Internal) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbols for NPT Internal (Fitting Thread)SymbolNameExplnationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, and ß are defined in the assembly section above.E1Pitch Diameter at the fitting's endE1 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L1L3Length of Wrenching AllowanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane by a minimum distance of L3.E3Pitch Diameter at the L3 PlaneE3 = E1 - 0.0625 *  (L1+L3)L1 + L3Thread LengthMinimum Thread length in the fittingTTap Drill SizeRecomended Drill diameter for tapping.Basic Dimensions Chart – NPT Internal ThreadsClick the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread Data ThreadTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Min Thread Length (L1+L3)Tap Drill SizeThread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Length of Hand-Tight Engagemen (L1)Length of Wrenching Allowance (L3)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L3 (E3)1/16-27 NPT270.03700.281180.271100.246000.0296300.0320750.261100.128500.281180.28750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT270.03700.373600.272600.332000.0296300.0320750.263900.128500.373600.38000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT180.05560.491630.394500.437500.0444400.0481130.401800.192800.491630.50250Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT180.05560.627010.406700.562500.0444400.0481130.407800.192800.627010.63750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT140.07140.778430.534300.703100.0571400.0618590.533700.247800.778430.79179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT140.07140.988870.553300.781300.0571400.0618590.545700.247800.988871.00179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT120.08701.238630.660901.140600.0695700.0753070.682800.301701.238631.25630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT120.08701.583380.680901.484400.0695700.0753070.706800.301701.583381.60130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT120.08701.822340.680901.734400.0695700.0753070.723500.301701.822341.84130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT120.08702.296270.696902.203130.0695700.0753070.756500.301702.296272.31630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT80.12502.762160.932000.000000.1000000.1082531.137500.433802.762162.79062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT80.12503.388501.016000.000000.1000000.1082531.200000.433803.388503.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT80.12503.888811.071000.000000.1000000.1082531.250000.433803.888813.91562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT80.12504.387121.094000.000000.1000000.1082531.300000.433804.387124.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT80.12505.449291.187000.000000.1000000.1082531.406300.433805.449295.47862Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT80.12506.505971.208000.000000.1000000.1082531.512500.433806.505976.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT80.12508.500031.313000.000000.1000000.1082531.712500.433808.500038.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT80.125010.620941.460000.000000.1000000.1082531.925000.4338010.6209410.66562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT80.125012.617811.610000.000000.1000000.1082532.125000.4338012.6178112.66563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT80.125013.872621.812000.000000.1000000.1082532.250000.4338013.8726213.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT80.125015.875752.062000.000000.1000000.1082532.450000.4338015.8757515.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT80.125017.875002.250000.000000.1000000.1082532.650000.4338017.8750017.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT80.125019.870312.375000.000000.1000000.1082532.850000.4338019.8703119.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT80.125023.680942.625000.000000.1000000.1082533.250000.4338023.6809423.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢Limits & Tolerances for NPT threadsThe tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

1/4npt threaddimensions in mm

NPT threadchart

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Pitch:By default, the pitch is given in TPI. For example, 1/4-20 means a thread with a pitch of 20 TPI (1/20=0.05″).It is also allowed to denote the pitch by distance. For example, 1/4-0.05P means a thread with a pitch of 0.05″ (same as 20 TPI).Series:NPT, NPSC, NPTR, NPSM, or NPSL. Where the meaning of each letter is:N = NationalP = PipeS = StraightC = CouplingR = RailingsM = MechanicalL = LocknutAdditional Parameters:Direction: By default, the thread is right-hand. For a left-hand thread, add the suffix -LH.NPT series – Tapered Pipe ThreadNPT stands for National Pipe Tapered threads. The basic profile is a 60° truncated triangle similar to the Unified Inch threads (UNC/UNF). The main difference is that the thread profile is tapered at an angle of 1°47′ (0.75 in/ft or 62.5 mm/m) relative to the axis. The taper on NPT threads allows them to form a seal when torqued as the flanks of the external and internal threads compress against each other (no clearance remains between the crests and roots of the threads because of the taper). Depending on the application, it can be used with or without a thread sealant.The profile properties, such as height, pitch, and truncations, are constant. However, the pitch diameter is not a constant value. It changes depending on the distance from the beginning of the thread. Because of that, the set of parameters and measuring techniques is very different (and often confusing) compared to Unified Inch and metric threads. To make the explanations and drawings more straightforward, we split them into 3 sections:An assembly drawing of a pipe (External thread) and fitting (Internal thread) showing only the parameters that are either common to both or are relevant to the assembly.External (Pipe) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Internal (Fitting) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Common Dimensions (Pipe & Fitting)When assembling with “hand force”, the male and female parts of a tapered thread will turn several rotations until the clearance is closed, and a “stop” is reached. This distance is called “Hand Tight Engagement Length”, and it is usually measured by an “L1 Gauge”. To form the seal, the assembly continues with a wrench an additional distance called “Wrench Allowance”.NPT Pipe & Fitting Assembly DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationPPitchGiven in TPI, and used in calculations as distanceßThread Taper AngleEquals1°47' (1.7833°)Defined by ASME B1.20 as 0.75 in/ftIn Metric units 6.25 mm/mTolerance is defined in the below chartαThread V Half Angle (+/-)Equals 30°Tolerance is defined in the below chartHHeight of sharp VThe height of the theoretical profile triangle.\( H=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\times{P} \)hThread HeightDistance between the truncated root and crest.\( h=0.800\times{P} \)L1Length of hand-tight engagementThe maximum distance that the male and female parts can be threaded by normal hand force.E1Pitch Diameter at L1 planeThe Pitch d diameter at the plane of hand-tight engagement length (L1) of external thread (Pipe), and at the large end of internal thread (Fitting)L1 - L2Maximum Wrenching DistanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be further tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane.L3Minimum Wrenching DistanceNPT Pipe (External) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, & ß are defined in the assembly section above.DPipe ODOuter diameter of the pipeE0Pitch Diameter at the Pipe's endE0=D - (O.O5*D + 1.1 ) * PK0Minor Diameter at the Pipe's endGiven as information for use in selecting tap drills.L5Length of Last Complete ThreadWhere the cone of the major diameter intersects the outside diameter of the pipe. From this point onward, the thread profile is not complete.E5Pitch Diameter at L5 planeE5 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L5L2Length of Last usefull ThreadLength of Last proper Thread. At L5, the thread profile starts to get truncated, but it is still considered "useful" until this point.E2Pitch Diameter at E2 PlaneE2 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L2L4Thread Length (L4)At this point, the thread disappears due to the taper angle.VLength of Vanish threadsThe length of "Unuseful" threads.V = L4 - L2Click the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread DataBasic Dimensions Chart – NPT External ThreadsThreadPipepipe ODTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Engagement Length (L1)Pitch Diameter (E1)Thread Length (L4)Usefull Length (L2)Vanished Length (V)Thread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Minor Diameter (K0)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L2 (E2)Pitch Diameter at L5 (E5)1/16-27 NPT1/160.3125270.03700.271180.160000.281180.389600.261100.128500.0296300.0320750.241600.281180.287500.28287Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT1/80.4050270.03700.363510.161500.373600.392400.263900.128500.0296300.0320750.333900.373600.380000.37537Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT1/40.5400180.05560.477390.227800.491630.594600.401800.192800.0444400.0481130.432900.491630.502500.49556Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT3/80.6750180.05560.612010.240000.627010.600600.407800.192800.0444400.0481130.567600.627010.637500.63056Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT1/20.8400140.07140.758430.320000.778430.781500.533700.247800.0571400.0618590.701300.778430.791790.78286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT3/41.0500140.07140.967680.339000.988870.793500.545700.247800.0571400.0618590.910500.988871.001790.99286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT11.3150120.08701.213630.400001.238630.984500.682800.301700.0695700.0753071.144101.238631.256301.24543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT1 1/41.6600120.08701.557130.420001.583381.008500.706800.301700.0695700.0753071.487601.583381.601301.59043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT1 1/21.9000120.08701.796090.420001.822341.025200.723500.301700.0695700.0753071.726501.822341.841301.83043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT22.3750120.08702.269020.436002.296271.058200.756500.301700.0695700.0753072.199502.296272.316302.30543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT2 1/22.875080.12502.719530.682002.762161.571201.137500.433800.1000000.1082532.619502.762162.790622.77500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT33.500080.12503.340620.766003.388501.633701.200000.433800.1000000.1082533.240603.388503.415623.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT3 1/24.000080.12503.837500.821003.888811.683701.250000.433800.1000000.1082533.737503.888813.915623.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT44.500080.12504.334380.844004.387121.733701.300000.433800.1000000.1082534.234404.387124.415624.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT55.563080.12505.390730.937005.449291.840001.406300.433800.1000000.1082535.290705.449295.478625.46300Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT66.625080.12506.446090.958006.505971.946201.512500.433800.1000000.1082536.346106.505976.540626.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT88.625080.12508.433591.063008.500032.146201.712500.433800.1000000.1082538.333608.500038.540628.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT1010.750080.125010.545311.2100010.620942.358701.925000.433800.1000000.10825310.4453010.6209410.6656210.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT1212.750080.125012.532811.3600012.617812.558702.125000.433800.1000000.10825312.4328012.6178112.6656312.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT1414.000080.125013.775001.5620013.872622.683702.250000.433800.1000000.10825313.6749013.8726213.9156313.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT1616.000080.125015.762501.8120015.875752.883702.450000.433800.1000000.10825315.6624015.8757515.9156315.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT1818.000080.125017.750002.0000017.875003.083702.650000.433800.1000000.10825317.6499017.8750017.9156317.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT2020.000080.125019.737502.1250019.870313.283702.850000.433800.1000000.10825319.6734019.8703119.9156319.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT2424.000080.125023.712502.3750023.680943.683703.250000.433800.1000000.10825323.6124023.6809423.9156323.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢NPT Fitting (Internal) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbols for NPT Internal (Fitting Thread)SymbolNameExplnationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, and ß are defined in the assembly section above.E1Pitch Diameter at the fitting's endE1 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L1L3Length of Wrenching AllowanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane by a minimum distance of L3.E3Pitch Diameter at the L3 PlaneE3 = E1 - 0.0625 *  (L1+L3)L1 + L3Thread LengthMinimum Thread length in the fittingTTap Drill SizeRecomended Drill diameter for tapping.Basic Dimensions Chart – NPT Internal ThreadsClick the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread Data ThreadTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Min Thread Length (L1+L3)Tap Drill SizeThread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Length of Hand-Tight Engagemen (L1)Length of Wrenching Allowance (L3)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L3 (E3)1/16-27 NPT270.03700.281180.271100.246000.0296300.0320750.261100.128500.281180.28750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT270.03700.373600.272600.332000.0296300.0320750.263900.128500.373600.38000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT180.05560.491630.394500.437500.0444400.0481130.401800.192800.491630.50250Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT180.05560.627010.406700.562500.0444400.0481130.407800.192800.627010.63750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT140.07140.778430.534300.703100.0571400.0618590.533700.247800.778430.79179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT140.07140.988870.553300.781300.0571400.0618590.545700.247800.988871.00179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT120.08701.238630.660901.140600.0695700.0753070.682800.301701.238631.25630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT120.08701.583380.680901.484400.0695700.0753070.706800.301701.583381.60130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT120.08701.822340.680901.734400.0695700.0753070.723500.301701.822341.84130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT120.08702.296270.696902.203130.0695700.0753070.756500.301702.296272.31630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT80.12502.762160.932000.000000.1000000.1082531.137500.433802.762162.79062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT80.12503.388501.016000.000000.1000000.1082531.200000.433803.388503.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT80.12503.888811.071000.000000.1000000.1082531.250000.433803.888813.91562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT80.12504.387121.094000.000000.1000000.1082531.300000.433804.387124.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT80.12505.449291.187000.000000.1000000.1082531.406300.433805.449295.47862Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT80.12506.505971.208000.000000.1000000.1082531.512500.433806.505976.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT80.12508.500031.313000.000000.1000000.1082531.712500.433808.500038.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT80.125010.620941.460000.000000.1000000.1082531.925000.4338010.6209410.66562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT80.125012.617811.610000.000000.1000000.1082532.125000.4338012.6178112.66563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT80.125013.872621.812000.000000.1000000.1082532.250000.4338013.8726213.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT80.125015.875752.062000.000000.1000000.1082532.450000.4338015.8757515.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT80.125017.875002.250000.000000.1000000.1082532.650000.4338017.8750017.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT80.125019.870312.375000.000000.1000000.1082532.850000.4338019.8703119.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT80.125023.680942.625000.000000.1000000.1082533.250000.4338023.6809423.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢Limits & Tolerances for NPT threadsThe tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

Click the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columns

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Click the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread DataBasic Dimensions Chart – NPT External ThreadsThreadPipepipe ODTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Engagement Length (L1)Pitch Diameter (E1)Thread Length (L4)Usefull Length (L2)Vanished Length (V)Thread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Minor Diameter (K0)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L2 (E2)Pitch Diameter at L5 (E5)1/16-27 NPT1/160.3125270.03700.271180.160000.281180.389600.261100.128500.0296300.0320750.241600.281180.287500.28287Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT1/80.4050270.03700.363510.161500.373600.392400.263900.128500.0296300.0320750.333900.373600.380000.37537Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT1/40.5400180.05560.477390.227800.491630.594600.401800.192800.0444400.0481130.432900.491630.502500.49556Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT3/80.6750180.05560.612010.240000.627010.600600.407800.192800.0444400.0481130.567600.627010.637500.63056Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT1/20.8400140.07140.758430.320000.778430.781500.533700.247800.0571400.0618590.701300.778430.791790.78286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT3/41.0500140.07140.967680.339000.988870.793500.545700.247800.0571400.0618590.910500.988871.001790.99286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT11.3150120.08701.213630.400001.238630.984500.682800.301700.0695700.0753071.144101.238631.256301.24543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT1 1/41.6600120.08701.557130.420001.583381.008500.706800.301700.0695700.0753071.487601.583381.601301.59043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT1 1/21.9000120.08701.796090.420001.822341.025200.723500.301700.0695700.0753071.726501.822341.841301.83043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT22.3750120.08702.269020.436002.296271.058200.756500.301700.0695700.0753072.199502.296272.316302.30543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT2 1/22.875080.12502.719530.682002.762161.571201.137500.433800.1000000.1082532.619502.762162.790622.77500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT33.500080.12503.340620.766003.388501.633701.200000.433800.1000000.1082533.240603.388503.415623.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT3 1/24.000080.12503.837500.821003.888811.683701.250000.433800.1000000.1082533.737503.888813.915623.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT44.500080.12504.334380.844004.387121.733701.300000.433800.1000000.1082534.234404.387124.415624.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT55.563080.12505.390730.937005.449291.840001.406300.433800.1000000.1082535.290705.449295.478625.46300Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT66.625080.12506.446090.958006.505971.946201.512500.433800.1000000.1082536.346106.505976.540626.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT88.625080.12508.433591.063008.500032.146201.712500.433800.1000000.1082538.333608.500038.540628.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT1010.750080.125010.545311.2100010.620942.358701.925000.433800.1000000.10825310.4453010.6209410.6656210.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT1212.750080.125012.532811.3600012.617812.558702.125000.433800.1000000.10825312.4328012.6178112.6656312.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT1414.000080.125013.775001.5620013.872622.683702.250000.433800.1000000.10825313.6749013.8726213.9156313.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT1616.000080.125015.762501.8120015.875752.883702.450000.433800.1000000.10825315.6624015.8757515.9156315.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT1818.000080.125017.750002.0000017.875003.083702.650000.433800.1000000.10825317.6499017.8750017.9156317.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT2020.000080.125019.737502.1250019.870313.283702.850000.433800.1000000.10825319.6734019.8703119.9156319.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT2424.000080.125023.712502.3750023.680943.683703.250000.433800.1000000.10825323.6124023.6809423.9156323.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢NPT Fitting (Internal) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbols for NPT Internal (Fitting Thread)SymbolNameExplnationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, and ß are defined in the assembly section above.E1Pitch Diameter at the fitting's endE1 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L1L3Length of Wrenching AllowanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane by a minimum distance of L3.E3Pitch Diameter at the L3 PlaneE3 = E1 - 0.0625 *  (L1+L3)L1 + L3Thread LengthMinimum Thread length in the fittingTTap Drill SizeRecomended Drill diameter for tapping.Basic Dimensions Chart – NPT Internal ThreadsClick the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread Data ThreadTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Min Thread Length (L1+L3)Tap Drill SizeThread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Length of Hand-Tight Engagemen (L1)Length of Wrenching Allowance (L3)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L3 (E3)1/16-27 NPT270.03700.281180.271100.246000.0296300.0320750.261100.128500.281180.28750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT270.03700.373600.272600.332000.0296300.0320750.263900.128500.373600.38000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT180.05560.491630.394500.437500.0444400.0481130.401800.192800.491630.50250Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT180.05560.627010.406700.562500.0444400.0481130.407800.192800.627010.63750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT140.07140.778430.534300.703100.0571400.0618590.533700.247800.778430.79179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT140.07140.988870.553300.781300.0571400.0618590.545700.247800.988871.00179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT120.08701.238630.660901.140600.0695700.0753070.682800.301701.238631.25630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT120.08701.583380.680901.484400.0695700.0753070.706800.301701.583381.60130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT120.08701.822340.680901.734400.0695700.0753070.723500.301701.822341.84130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT120.08702.296270.696902.203130.0695700.0753070.756500.301702.296272.31630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT80.12502.762160.932000.000000.1000000.1082531.137500.433802.762162.79062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT80.12503.388501.016000.000000.1000000.1082531.200000.433803.388503.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT80.12503.888811.071000.000000.1000000.1082531.250000.433803.888813.91562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT80.12504.387121.094000.000000.1000000.1082531.300000.433804.387124.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT80.12505.449291.187000.000000.1000000.1082531.406300.433805.449295.47862Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT80.12506.505971.208000.000000.1000000.1082531.512500.433806.505976.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT80.12508.500031.313000.000000.1000000.1082531.712500.433808.500038.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT80.125010.620941.460000.000000.1000000.1082531.925000.4338010.6209410.66562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT80.125012.617811.610000.000000.1000000.1082532.125000.4338012.6178112.66563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT80.125013.872621.812000.000000.1000000.1082532.250000.4338013.8726213.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT80.125015.875752.062000.000000.1000000.1082532.450000.4338015.8757515.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT80.125017.875002.250000.000000.1000000.1082532.650000.4338017.8750017.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT80.125019.870312.375000.000000.1000000.1082532.850000.4338019.8703119.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT80.125023.680942.625000.000000.1000000.1082533.250000.4338023.6809423.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢Limits & Tolerances for NPT threadsThe tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

The tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.

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The NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.

The profile properties, such as height, pitch, and truncations, are constant. However, the pitch diameter is not a constant value. It changes depending on the distance from the beginning of the thread.

Series:NPT, NPSC, NPTR, NPSM, or NPSL. Where the meaning of each letter is:N = NationalP = PipeS = StraightC = CouplingR = RailingsM = MechanicalL = LocknutAdditional Parameters:Direction: By default, the thread is right-hand. For a left-hand thread, add the suffix -LH.NPT series – Tapered Pipe ThreadNPT stands for National Pipe Tapered threads. The basic profile is a 60° truncated triangle similar to the Unified Inch threads (UNC/UNF). The main difference is that the thread profile is tapered at an angle of 1°47′ (0.75 in/ft or 62.5 mm/m) relative to the axis. The taper on NPT threads allows them to form a seal when torqued as the flanks of the external and internal threads compress against each other (no clearance remains between the crests and roots of the threads because of the taper). Depending on the application, it can be used with or without a thread sealant.The profile properties, such as height, pitch, and truncations, are constant. However, the pitch diameter is not a constant value. It changes depending on the distance from the beginning of the thread. Because of that, the set of parameters and measuring techniques is very different (and often confusing) compared to Unified Inch and metric threads. To make the explanations and drawings more straightforward, we split them into 3 sections:An assembly drawing of a pipe (External thread) and fitting (Internal thread) showing only the parameters that are either common to both or are relevant to the assembly.External (Pipe) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Internal (Fitting) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Common Dimensions (Pipe & Fitting)When assembling with “hand force”, the male and female parts of a tapered thread will turn several rotations until the clearance is closed, and a “stop” is reached. This distance is called “Hand Tight Engagement Length”, and it is usually measured by an “L1 Gauge”. To form the seal, the assembly continues with a wrench an additional distance called “Wrench Allowance”.NPT Pipe & Fitting Assembly DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationPPitchGiven in TPI, and used in calculations as distanceßThread Taper AngleEquals1°47' (1.7833°)Defined by ASME B1.20 as 0.75 in/ftIn Metric units 6.25 mm/mTolerance is defined in the below chartαThread V Half Angle (+/-)Equals 30°Tolerance is defined in the below chartHHeight of sharp VThe height of the theoretical profile triangle.\( H=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\times{P} \)hThread HeightDistance between the truncated root and crest.\( h=0.800\times{P} \)L1Length of hand-tight engagementThe maximum distance that the male and female parts can be threaded by normal hand force.E1Pitch Diameter at L1 planeThe Pitch d diameter at the plane of hand-tight engagement length (L1) of external thread (Pipe), and at the large end of internal thread (Fitting)L1 - L2Maximum Wrenching DistanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be further tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane.L3Minimum Wrenching DistanceNPT Pipe (External) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, & ß are defined in the assembly section above.DPipe ODOuter diameter of the pipeE0Pitch Diameter at the Pipe's endE0=D - (O.O5*D + 1.1 ) * PK0Minor Diameter at the Pipe's endGiven as information for use in selecting tap drills.L5Length of Last Complete ThreadWhere the cone of the major diameter intersects the outside diameter of the pipe. From this point onward, the thread profile is not complete.E5Pitch Diameter at L5 planeE5 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L5L2Length of Last usefull ThreadLength of Last proper Thread. At L5, the thread profile starts to get truncated, but it is still considered "useful" until this point.E2Pitch Diameter at E2 PlaneE2 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L2L4Thread Length (L4)At this point, the thread disappears due to the taper angle.VLength of Vanish threadsThe length of "Unuseful" threads.V = L4 - L2Click the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread DataBasic Dimensions Chart – NPT External ThreadsThreadPipepipe ODTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Engagement Length (L1)Pitch Diameter (E1)Thread Length (L4)Usefull Length (L2)Vanished Length (V)Thread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Minor Diameter (K0)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L2 (E2)Pitch Diameter at L5 (E5)1/16-27 NPT1/160.3125270.03700.271180.160000.281180.389600.261100.128500.0296300.0320750.241600.281180.287500.28287Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT1/80.4050270.03700.363510.161500.373600.392400.263900.128500.0296300.0320750.333900.373600.380000.37537Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT1/40.5400180.05560.477390.227800.491630.594600.401800.192800.0444400.0481130.432900.491630.502500.49556Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT3/80.6750180.05560.612010.240000.627010.600600.407800.192800.0444400.0481130.567600.627010.637500.63056Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT1/20.8400140.07140.758430.320000.778430.781500.533700.247800.0571400.0618590.701300.778430.791790.78286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT3/41.0500140.07140.967680.339000.988870.793500.545700.247800.0571400.0618590.910500.988871.001790.99286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT11.3150120.08701.213630.400001.238630.984500.682800.301700.0695700.0753071.144101.238631.256301.24543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT1 1/41.6600120.08701.557130.420001.583381.008500.706800.301700.0695700.0753071.487601.583381.601301.59043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT1 1/21.9000120.08701.796090.420001.822341.025200.723500.301700.0695700.0753071.726501.822341.841301.83043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT22.3750120.08702.269020.436002.296271.058200.756500.301700.0695700.0753072.199502.296272.316302.30543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT2 1/22.875080.12502.719530.682002.762161.571201.137500.433800.1000000.1082532.619502.762162.790622.77500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT33.500080.12503.340620.766003.388501.633701.200000.433800.1000000.1082533.240603.388503.415623.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT3 1/24.000080.12503.837500.821003.888811.683701.250000.433800.1000000.1082533.737503.888813.915623.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT44.500080.12504.334380.844004.387121.733701.300000.433800.1000000.1082534.234404.387124.415624.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT55.563080.12505.390730.937005.449291.840001.406300.433800.1000000.1082535.290705.449295.478625.46300Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT66.625080.12506.446090.958006.505971.946201.512500.433800.1000000.1082536.346106.505976.540626.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT88.625080.12508.433591.063008.500032.146201.712500.433800.1000000.1082538.333608.500038.540628.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT1010.750080.125010.545311.2100010.620942.358701.925000.433800.1000000.10825310.4453010.6209410.6656210.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT1212.750080.125012.532811.3600012.617812.558702.125000.433800.1000000.10825312.4328012.6178112.6656312.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT1414.000080.125013.775001.5620013.872622.683702.250000.433800.1000000.10825313.6749013.8726213.9156313.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT1616.000080.125015.762501.8120015.875752.883702.450000.433800.1000000.10825315.6624015.8757515.9156315.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT1818.000080.125017.750002.0000017.875003.083702.650000.433800.1000000.10825317.6499017.8750017.9156317.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT2020.000080.125019.737502.1250019.870313.283702.850000.433800.1000000.10825319.6734019.8703119.9156319.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT2424.000080.125023.712502.3750023.680943.683703.250000.433800.1000000.10825323.6124023.6809423.9156323.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢NPT Fitting (Internal) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbols for NPT Internal (Fitting Thread)SymbolNameExplnationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, and ß are defined in the assembly section above.E1Pitch Diameter at the fitting's endE1 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L1L3Length of Wrenching AllowanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane by a minimum distance of L3.E3Pitch Diameter at the L3 PlaneE3 = E1 - 0.0625 *  (L1+L3)L1 + L3Thread LengthMinimum Thread length in the fittingTTap Drill SizeRecomended Drill diameter for tapping.Basic Dimensions Chart – NPT Internal ThreadsClick the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread Data ThreadTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Min Thread Length (L1+L3)Tap Drill SizeThread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Length of Hand-Tight Engagemen (L1)Length of Wrenching Allowance (L3)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L3 (E3)1/16-27 NPT270.03700.281180.271100.246000.0296300.0320750.261100.128500.281180.28750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT270.03700.373600.272600.332000.0296300.0320750.263900.128500.373600.38000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT180.05560.491630.394500.437500.0444400.0481130.401800.192800.491630.50250Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT180.05560.627010.406700.562500.0444400.0481130.407800.192800.627010.63750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT140.07140.778430.534300.703100.0571400.0618590.533700.247800.778430.79179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT140.07140.988870.553300.781300.0571400.0618590.545700.247800.988871.00179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT120.08701.238630.660901.140600.0695700.0753070.682800.301701.238631.25630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT120.08701.583380.680901.484400.0695700.0753070.706800.301701.583381.60130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT120.08701.822340.680901.734400.0695700.0753070.723500.301701.822341.84130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT120.08702.296270.696902.203130.0695700.0753070.756500.301702.296272.31630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT80.12502.762160.932000.000000.1000000.1082531.137500.433802.762162.79062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT80.12503.388501.016000.000000.1000000.1082531.200000.433803.388503.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT80.12503.888811.071000.000000.1000000.1082531.250000.433803.888813.91562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT80.12504.387121.094000.000000.1000000.1082531.300000.433804.387124.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT80.12505.449291.187000.000000.1000000.1082531.406300.433805.449295.47862Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT80.12506.505971.208000.000000.1000000.1082531.512500.433806.505976.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT80.12508.500031.313000.000000.1000000.1082531.712500.433808.500038.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT80.125010.620941.460000.000000.1000000.1082531.925000.4338010.6209410.66562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT80.125012.617811.610000.000000.1000000.1082532.125000.4338012.6178112.66563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT80.125013.872621.812000.000000.1000000.1082532.250000.4338013.8726213.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT80.125015.875752.062000.000000.1000000.1082532.450000.4338015.8757515.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT80.125017.875002.250000.000000.1000000.1082532.650000.4338017.8750017.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT80.125019.870312.375000.000000.1000000.1082532.850000.4338019.8703119.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT80.125023.680942.625000.000000.1000000.1082533.250000.4338023.6809423.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢Limits & Tolerances for NPT threadsThe tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

Diameter:The diameters are given in inch fractions. For example, 1/4″, 3/4″, 1 1/4″.It is also allowed to denote the diameters with a decimal value. For example, 0.250 (1/4″), 0.4375 (7/16″), etc.Pitch:By default, the pitch is given in TPI. For example, 1/4-20 means a thread with a pitch of 20 TPI (1/20=0.05″).It is also allowed to denote the pitch by distance. For example, 1/4-0.05P means a thread with a pitch of 0.05″ (same as 20 TPI).Series:NPT, NPSC, NPTR, NPSM, or NPSL. Where the meaning of each letter is:N = NationalP = PipeS = StraightC = CouplingR = RailingsM = MechanicalL = LocknutAdditional Parameters:Direction: By default, the thread is right-hand. For a left-hand thread, add the suffix -LH.NPT series – Tapered Pipe ThreadNPT stands for National Pipe Tapered threads. The basic profile is a 60° truncated triangle similar to the Unified Inch threads (UNC/UNF). The main difference is that the thread profile is tapered at an angle of 1°47′ (0.75 in/ft or 62.5 mm/m) relative to the axis. The taper on NPT threads allows them to form a seal when torqued as the flanks of the external and internal threads compress against each other (no clearance remains between the crests and roots of the threads because of the taper). Depending on the application, it can be used with or without a thread sealant.The profile properties, such as height, pitch, and truncations, are constant. However, the pitch diameter is not a constant value. It changes depending on the distance from the beginning of the thread. Because of that, the set of parameters and measuring techniques is very different (and often confusing) compared to Unified Inch and metric threads. To make the explanations and drawings more straightforward, we split them into 3 sections:An assembly drawing of a pipe (External thread) and fitting (Internal thread) showing only the parameters that are either common to both or are relevant to the assembly.External (Pipe) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Internal (Fitting) thread drawing with all its relevant dimensions.Common Dimensions (Pipe & Fitting)When assembling with “hand force”, the male and female parts of a tapered thread will turn several rotations until the clearance is closed, and a “stop” is reached. This distance is called “Hand Tight Engagement Length”, and it is usually measured by an “L1 Gauge”. To form the seal, the assembly continues with a wrench an additional distance called “Wrench Allowance”.NPT Pipe & Fitting Assembly DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationPPitchGiven in TPI, and used in calculations as distanceßThread Taper AngleEquals1°47' (1.7833°)Defined by ASME B1.20 as 0.75 in/ftIn Metric units 6.25 mm/mTolerance is defined in the below chartαThread V Half Angle (+/-)Equals 30°Tolerance is defined in the below chartHHeight of sharp VThe height of the theoretical profile triangle.\( H=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\times{P} \)hThread HeightDistance between the truncated root and crest.\( h=0.800\times{P} \)L1Length of hand-tight engagementThe maximum distance that the male and female parts can be threaded by normal hand force.E1Pitch Diameter at L1 planeThe Pitch d diameter at the plane of hand-tight engagement length (L1) of external thread (Pipe), and at the large end of internal thread (Fitting)L1 - L2Maximum Wrenching DistanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be further tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane.L3Minimum Wrenching DistanceNPT Pipe (External) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbolsSymbolNameExplanationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, & ß are defined in the assembly section above.DPipe ODOuter diameter of the pipeE0Pitch Diameter at the Pipe's endE0=D - (O.O5*D + 1.1 ) * PK0Minor Diameter at the Pipe's endGiven as information for use in selecting tap drills.L5Length of Last Complete ThreadWhere the cone of the major diameter intersects the outside diameter of the pipe. From this point onward, the thread profile is not complete.E5Pitch Diameter at L5 planeE5 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L5L2Length of Last usefull ThreadLength of Last proper Thread. At L5, the thread profile starts to get truncated, but it is still considered "useful" until this point.E2Pitch Diameter at E2 PlaneE2 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L2L4Thread Length (L4)At this point, the thread disappears due to the taper angle.VLength of Vanish threadsThe length of "Unuseful" threads.V = L4 - L2Click the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread DataBasic Dimensions Chart – NPT External ThreadsThreadPipepipe ODTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Engagement Length (L1)Pitch Diameter (E1)Thread Length (L4)Usefull Length (L2)Vanished Length (V)Thread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Minor Diameter (K0)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L2 (E2)Pitch Diameter at L5 (E5)1/16-27 NPT1/160.3125270.03700.271180.160000.281180.389600.261100.128500.0296300.0320750.241600.281180.287500.28287Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT1/80.4050270.03700.363510.161500.373600.392400.263900.128500.0296300.0320750.333900.373600.380000.37537Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT1/40.5400180.05560.477390.227800.491630.594600.401800.192800.0444400.0481130.432900.491630.502500.49556Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT3/80.6750180.05560.612010.240000.627010.600600.407800.192800.0444400.0481130.567600.627010.637500.63056Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT1/20.8400140.07140.758430.320000.778430.781500.533700.247800.0571400.0618590.701300.778430.791790.78286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT3/41.0500140.07140.967680.339000.988870.793500.545700.247800.0571400.0618590.910500.988871.001790.99286Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT11.3150120.08701.213630.400001.238630.984500.682800.301700.0695700.0753071.144101.238631.256301.24543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT1 1/41.6600120.08701.557130.420001.583381.008500.706800.301700.0695700.0753071.487601.583381.601301.59043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT1 1/21.9000120.08701.796090.420001.822341.025200.723500.301700.0695700.0753071.726501.822341.841301.83043Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT22.3750120.08702.269020.436002.296271.058200.756500.301700.0695700.0753072.199502.296272.316302.30543Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT2 1/22.875080.12502.719530.682002.762161.571201.137500.433800.1000000.1082532.619502.762162.790622.77500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT33.500080.12503.340620.766003.388501.633701.200000.433800.1000000.1082533.240603.388503.415623.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT3 1/24.000080.12503.837500.821003.888811.683701.250000.433800.1000000.1082533.737503.888813.915623.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT44.500080.12504.334380.844004.387121.733701.300000.433800.1000000.1082534.234404.387124.415624.40000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT55.563080.12505.390730.937005.449291.840001.406300.433800.1000000.1082535.290705.449295.478625.46300Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT66.625080.12506.446090.958006.505971.946201.512500.433800.1000000.1082536.346106.505976.540626.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT88.625080.12508.433591.063008.500032.146201.712500.433800.1000000.1082538.333608.500038.540628.52500Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT1010.750080.125010.545311.2100010.620942.358701.925000.433800.1000000.10825310.4453010.6209410.6656210.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT1212.750080.125012.532811.3600012.617812.558702.125000.433800.1000000.10825312.4328012.6178112.6656312.65000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT1414.000080.125013.775001.5620013.872622.683702.250000.433800.1000000.10825313.6749013.8726213.9156313.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT1616.000080.125015.762501.8120015.875752.883702.450000.433800.1000000.10825315.6624015.8757515.9156315.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT1818.000080.125017.750002.0000017.875003.083702.650000.433800.1000000.10825317.6499017.8750017.9156317.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT2020.000080.125019.737502.1250019.870313.283702.850000.433800.1000000.10825319.6734019.8703119.9156319.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT2424.000080.125023.712502.3750023.680943.683703.250000.433800.1000000.10825323.6124023.6809423.9156323.90000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢NPT Fitting (Internal) DimensionsBasic DrawingProfile DrawingSymbols for NPT Internal (Fitting Thread)SymbolNameExplnationP, H, h, L1, E1 α, and ß are defined in the assembly section above.E1Pitch Diameter at the fitting's endE1 = E0 + 0.0625 *  L1L3Length of Wrenching AllowanceTo create a seal, the pipe and fitting should be tightened by a wrench beyond the L1 plane by a minimum distance of L3.E3Pitch Diameter at the L3 PlaneE3 = E1 - 0.0625 *  (L1+L3)L1 + L3Thread LengthMinimum Thread length in the fittingTTap Drill SizeRecomended Drill diameter for tapping.Basic Dimensions Chart – NPT Internal ThreadsClick the Thread Link to get the Full Thread DataAll dimensions are in inches. To view the Metric translation, click the Thread LinkClick icon to show Additional columnsClick icon to show Full Thread Data ThreadTPIPitchPitch Diameter (E0)Min Thread Length (L1+L3)Tap Drill SizeThread Height (h)Height of Sharp V (H)Length of Hand-Tight Engagemen (L1)Length of Wrenching Allowance (L3)Pitch Diameter at L1 (E1)Pitch Diameter at L3 (E3)1/16-27 NPT270.03700.281180.271100.246000.0296300.0320750.261100.128500.281180.28750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/8-27 NPT270.03700.373600.272600.332000.0296300.0320750.263900.128500.373600.38000Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/4-18 NPT180.05560.491630.394500.437500.0444400.0481130.401800.192800.491630.50250Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/8-18 NPT180.05560.627010.406700.562500.0444400.0481130.407800.192800.627010.63750Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1/2-14 NPT140.07140.778430.534300.703100.0571400.0618590.533700.247800.778430.79179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3/4-14 NPT140.07140.988870.553300.781300.0571400.0618590.545700.247800.988871.00179Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1-11.5 NPT120.08701.238630.660901.140600.0695700.0753070.682800.301701.238631.25630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/4-11.5 NPT120.08701.583380.680901.484400.0695700.0753070.706800.301701.583381.60130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢1 1/2-11.5 NPT120.08701.822340.680901.734400.0695700.0753070.723500.301701.822341.84130Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2-11.5 NPT120.08702.296270.696902.203130.0695700.0753070.756500.301702.296272.31630Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢2 1/2-8 NPT80.12502.762160.932000.000000.1000000.1082531.137500.433802.762162.79062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3-8 NPT80.12503.388501.016000.000000.1000000.1082531.200000.433803.388503.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢3 1/2-8 NPT80.12503.888811.071000.000000.1000000.1082531.250000.433803.888813.91562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢4-8 NPT80.12504.387121.094000.000000.1000000.1082531.300000.433804.387124.41562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢5-8 NPT80.12505.449291.187000.000000.1000000.1082531.406300.433805.449295.47862Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢6-8 NPT80.12506.505971.208000.000000.1000000.1082531.512500.433806.505976.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢8-8 NPT80.12508.500031.313000.000000.1000000.1082531.712500.433808.500038.54062Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢10-8 NPT80.125010.620941.460000.000000.1000000.1082531.925000.4338010.6209410.66562Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢12-8 NPT80.125012.617811.610000.000000.1000000.1082532.125000.4338012.6178112.66563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢14-8 NPT80.125013.872621.812000.000000.1000000.1082532.250000.4338013.8726213.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢16-8 NPT80.125015.875752.062000.000000.1000000.1082532.450000.4338015.8757515.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢18-8 NPT80.125017.875002.250000.000000.1000000.1082532.650000.4338017.8750017.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢20-8 NPT80.125019.870312.375000.000000.1000000.1082532.850000.4338019.8703119.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢24-8 NPT80.125023.680942.625000.000000.1000000.1082533.250000.4338023.6809423.91563Metric Values ➢Tolerances ➢Limits & Tolerances for NPT threadsThe tolerancing system for NPT threads is very different and much simpler compared to Metric and Unified Inch systems. There are no tolerance classes, and the limits are either the same for all sizes or depend solely on the pitch.Tolerances that apply to all thread sizes in the NPT seriesTaper Angle (ß) ToleranceThe Angle is defined in ASME B1-20.1 as 3/4 Inch per foot. If we measure the pitch diameter at a particular location, move one foot along the axis and measure it again, we should measure a difference in diameter of 0.75″.The tolerance is -1/16 Inch/Foot and +1/8 Inch/Foot. I have no idea why an angle is defined in such a peculiar way; however, you can convert it to degrees using the below formula:\( \beta = 0.5 \times \tan^{-1} \left( { \large \frac{0.75}{12} } \right) = 1.7905^{\circ}\)The linear units are measured on the diameter and the angle is measured “per side”. Therefore the 0.5 factor is applied.The Tolerance in different units is summarized in the below tableUnitNominalMinimumMaximumInch / Feet0.75"0.6875"0.875"mm / m62.557.372.9Degrees1.7905°1.6413°2.0889°DMS1°47'1°38'2°5'Lead / Pitch (P) ToleranceThe lead should be controlled over a distance of L2 (as defined in the above charts), but never more than 1 Inch. Over that distance, the measured lead should be within +/-0.003 Inch/inch of the theoretical lead.Example for 1/2-14 NPT external pipe thread:L2 should be 0.5337″.The maximum allowed variation is +/-0.5337*0.003=0.0016″ (+/-0.04 mm)Since the pitch is 14 TPI, this is equivalent to 14X0.5337=7.47 thread turns.Hence, turning the thread 7 times should advance it along its axis by 7/14=0.5″, and the allowed tolerance is +/-0.003X0.5=0.0015″.Tolerances That Depend On The Pitch (h, f, α, and L1)Dimensions are in Inches.You can view metric dimensions in the NPT Thread Calculator.TPIhminhmaxfminfmaxL12α (60°)270.024960.029630.00120.0036+/- 0.0370+/- 2.5°180.038330.044440.00180.0049+/- 0.0555+/- 2°140.050720.057140.00240.0056+/- 0.0714+/- 2°11.50.062610.069570.00290.0063+/- 0.0870+/- 1.5°80.092750.10.00410.0078+/- 0.1250+/- 1.5°NPSC – Internal Straight Pipe ThreadNPSC Internal Straight (parallel) Pipe Threads are used to manufacture pressure-tight fittings when assembled with an NPT external taper thread. This series applies to internal threads only. (The external thread is the standard NPT thread).NPSC, Internal Straight Pipe Thread Dimensions ChartDimensions in InchesThe dimensions are identical to the standard internal NPT profile except for the parameters that are listed in the below chartThreadPipePipe ODPitch (TPI)Minor Diameter (Min)Pitch Diameter (Range)1/8-27 NPSC1/80.405270.340.3701 - 0.37711/4-18 NPSC1/40.54180.4420.4864 - 0.49683/8-18 NPSC3/80.675180.5770.6218 - 0.63221/2-14 NPSC1/20.84140.7150.7717 - 0.78513/4-14 NPSC3/41.05140.9250.9822 - 0.99561-11.5 NPSC11.31511.51.1611.2305 - 1.24681 1/4-11.5 NPSC1 1/41.6611.51.5061.5752 - 1.59151 1/2-11.5 NPSC1 1/21.911.51.7451.8142 - 1.83052-11.5 NPSC22.37511.52.2192.2881 - 2.30442 1/2-8 NPSC2 1/22.87582.652.7504 - 2.77393-8 NPSC33.583.2773.3768 - 3.40023 1/2-8 NPSC3 1/2483.7773.8771 - 3.90054-8 NPSC44.584.2754.3754 - 4.3988NPTR – Railing Joint Taper Pipe ThreadThe NTPR thread is used to connect Railing Joints that require a rigid mechanical connection, such as stair railings.NPTR External ThreadThe external thread of NPTR is the same as the NPT thread except that it is shortened at the small end of the pipe. It yields a larger diameter at the end of the pipe, thus increasing its strength. This shortened thread is noticeable to the professional eye but could be overlooked by a less experienced worker.The shortening amount is designated by L6 and listed in the chart below.L6 is 3-4 times the pitch.NPTR Internal ThreadThe internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.NPTR: Dimensions ChartDimensions are in InchesAll the dimensions are the same as in the standard NPT thread chart except for the following:L6 – Shortening amount.E0 – The pitch diameter at the pipe’s end. (Replaces E1 of the standard NPT thread).L2, L5 & L4 should be taken from the above chart for the standard NPT thread and substructed by L6.ThreadPipe ODTPIL6E6Qq1/2-14 NPTR0.84140.2140.77180.860.183/4-14 NPTR1.05140.2140.98111.070.181-11.5 NPTR1.31511.50.2611.22991.340.221 1/4-11.5 NPTR1.6611.50.2611.57341.680.261 1/2-11.5 NPTR1.911.50.2611.81241.920.262-11.5 NPTR2.37511.50.2612.28532.40.262 1/2-8 NPTR2.87580.52.75082.90.383-8 NPTR3.580.53.37193.530.383 1/2-8 NPTR480.53.86884.040.384-8 NPTR4.580.54.36564.540.38NPSM – free-fitting mechanical joints ThreadThe NPSM thread series creates a non-pressure tight connection. It is mainly used in mechanical joints and special applications with no internal pressure and, consequently, no sealing requirements. It is possible to achieve a seal with the aid of an O-ring.The profile form is similar to that of UN threads.The allowance and tolerances are identical to UN threads in Class 2A for external threads and class 2B for internal threads.Truncation is calculated according to the below formulas:Root TruncationCrest TruncationExternal Threadfrs=0.10825*Pfcs=0.10825*PInternal Threadfrn=0.10825*Pfcn=0.21651*PNPSM External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMajor Diameter1/8-27 NPT0.405270.3689 - 0.37250.39 - 0.3971/4-18 NPT0.54180.4859 - 0.49030.517 - 0.5263/8-18 NPT0.675180.6211 - 0.62560.653 - 0.6621/2-14 NPT0.84140.7718 - 0.77690.813 - 0.8233/4-14 NPT1.05140.982 - 0.98731.024 - 1.0341-11.5 NPT1.31511.51.2311 - 1.23691.281 - 1.2931 1/4-11.5 NPT1.6611.51.5756 - 1.58161.626 - 1.6381 1/2-11.5 NPT1.911.51.8144 - 1.82051.865 - 1.8772-11.5 NPT2.37511.52.2882 - 2.29442.339 - 2.3512 1/2-8 NPT2.87582.7526 - 2.762.826 - 2.8413-8 NPT3.583.3786 - 3.38623.452 - 3.4673 1/2-8 NPT483.8788 - 3.88653.953 - 3.9684-8 NPT4.584.3771 - 4.38484.451 - 4.4665-8 NPT5.56385.439 - 5.44695.513 - 5.5286-8 NPT6.62586.4955 - 6.50366.57 - 6.585NPSM Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMinor Diameter1/8-27 NPT270.3736 - 0.37830.358 - 0.3641/4-18 NPT180.4916 - 0.49740.468 - 0.4813/8-18 NPT180.627 - 0.63290.603 - 0.6121/2-14 NPT140.7784 - 0.78510.747 - 0.7593/4-14 NPT140.9889 - 0.99580.958 - 0.971-11.5 NPT11.51.2386 - 1.24621.201 - 1.2111 1/4-11.5 NPT11.51.5834 - 1.59121.546 - 1.5551 1/2-11.5 NPT11.51.8223 - 1.83021.785 - 1.7942-11.5 NPT11.52.2963 - 2.30442.259 - 2.2682 1/2-8 NPT82.7622 - 2.7722.708 - 2.7273-8 NPT83.3885 - 3.39843.334 - 3.3533 1/2-8 NPT83.8888 - 3.89883.835 - 3.8484-8 NPT84.3871 - 4.39714.333 - 4.3465-8 NPT85.4493 - 5.45985.395 - 5.4086-8 NPT86.506 - 6.51656.452 - 6.464NPSL – Loose-Fitting Mechanical Joints With locknutsThe NPSL thread series is designed to produce a pipe thread with the largest diameter possible to cut on a standard pipe. The internal and external thread dimensions are designed to have a “loose fit”, and a locknut with an O-ring is required to create a seal.The “classic” application for the NPSL thread is connecting a pipe to a tank. The seal is achieved with two locknuts with O-rings—one on the inner face of the tank’s wall and the other on the outer face.NPSL External Thread Dimensions ChartThreadPipe ODTPIPitch DiameterMax Major Diameter1/8-27 NPSL0.405270.384 - 0.38050.4091/4-18 NPSL0.54180.5038 - 0.49860.5413/8-18 NPSL0.675180.6409 - 0.63570.6781/2-14 NPSL0.84140.7963 - 0.78960.8443/4-14 NPSL1.05141.0067 - 1.0001.0541-11.5 NPSL1.31511.51.2604 - 1.25231.3181 1/4-11.5 NPSL1.6611.51.6051 - 1.5971.6631 1/2-11.5 NPSL1.911.51.8441 - 1.8361.9022-11.5 NPSL2.37511.52.318 - 2.30992.3762 1/2-8 NPSL2.87582.7934 - 2.78172.8773-8 NPSL3.583.4198 - 3.40813.5033 1/2-8 NPSL483.9201 - 3.90844.0034-8 NPSL4.584.4184 - 4.40674.5025-8 NPSL5.56385.4805 - 5.46885.5646-8 NPSL6.62586.5372 - 6.52556.628-8 NPSL8.62588.5313 - 8.51968.61510-8 NPSL10.750810.6522 - 10.640510.73512-8 NPSL12.750812.6491 - 12.637412.732NPSL Internal Thread Dimensions ChartThreadTPIPitch DiameterMin Minor Diameter1/8-27 NPSL270.3863 - 0.38980.3621/4-18 NPSL180.5073 - 0.51250.473/8-18 NPSL180.6444 - 0.64960.6071/2-14 NPSL140.8008 - 0.80750.7533/4-14 NPSL141.0112 - 1.01790.9641-11.5 NPSL11.51.2658 - 1.27391.2081 1/4-11.5 NPSL11.51.6106 - 1.61871.5531 1/2-11.5 NPSL11.51.8495 - 1.85761.7922-11.5 NPSL11.52.3234 - 2.33152.2652 1/2-8 NPSL82.8012 - 2.81292.7183-8 NPSL83.4276 - 3.43933.31143 1/2-8 NPSL83.9279 - 3.93963.8454-8 NPSL84.4262 - 4.43794.3435-8 NPSL85.4884 - 5.50015.4056-8 NPSL86.545 - 6.55676.4628-8 NPSL88.5391 - 8.55088.45610-8 NPSL810.66 - 10.671710.57712-8 NPSL812.6569 - 12.668612.574

The internal l thread has the exact basic dimensions as the standard NPT thread, with a relief in the fitting’s end. It allows the external pipe thread to “disappear” when fully engaged (For cosmetic consideration).The diameter of the relief is designated by Q, and its depth by q.