In the concrete industry, carbide is the standard for drilling holes in concrete and masonry because the material offers the robustness to last for a long period of time. Carbide has become a broad term in the industry, but users know that not all carbide is the same. Users may not know the why of carbide differentiators, but they know the results.

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Carbide is different from the steel that makes up the rest of the drill bit. Whether it’s a standard concrete drill bit that goes into a three-jaw chuck tool or an SDS-plus bit or SDS-max bit, the shank is a solid-body piece of steel that’s fluted to ensure material removal. At the tip of that drill bit, the contact point with the work, is some form for carbide.

The perception in the industry is that a product with carbide on it is a better-performing product. For example, a circular saw blade with standard steel teeth versus a blade with carbide teeth, performance goes up dramatically with the carbide blade. The same goes for other cutting accessories: oscillating blades, jig saw blades and reciprocating saw blades.

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A: Sub-par carbide breaks apart and can be brittle. Poor carbide can chip or if the welding or braising process is poor, the entire bit head can break off, pop off or twist off. Users can see the difference in performance.

The most common design in concrete drill bits is the two-cutter, although most users wouldn’t refer to it that way. They just know the bit by the two cutting edges on the end of the bit tip. The standard manufacturing process is milling out the steel at the end and attaching a carbide chip, with two edges, using a welding or braising process that connects the carbide to the steel. This is a process known in the concrete industry as embedded carbide.

May 25, 2023 — This is a great option for drilling into harder steel, as well as stainless steel grades. Carbide: The hardest and most brittle of the drill ...

If the user has a bit with five times longer life and workers can stay at the task longer, that’s a big savings. It’s less downtime. Also, workers sometimes can be placed in difficult and strain-inducing positions to drill holes for anchors in concrete. Rotary hammers used for these tasks are powerful and sometimes heavy, plus there’s extreme heat or cold weather. The sooner the worker can complete the job successfully in these difficult conditions the better off that worker will be and the more exacting the work. Breaking a drill bit when hitting rebar or simply wearing out an inferior drill bit prolongs the difficult task.

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The students know the large material groups and typical representatives and can distinguish them based on their internal structure and the resulting properties. To this end, they are able to describe crystalline structures mathematically and to propose appropriate methods to characterise them. They are familiar with the different kinds of lattice defects, the mechanisms of their formation and motion and their impact on the mechanical (and, in some cases, electronic) material properties. Based on this knowledge, they can sketch suitable thermal treatments in order to design appropriate microstructures for giving the material a desired property. Generally phrased, the students develop an attitude and basic capacities of defect and microstructure engineering.

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Joining students need to have a sufficient active working knowledge in mathematics, including differential, integral and vector calculus. Some basic materials capacities are expected, e.g. how to quantitatively describe basic mechanical and electrical properties. Some basics of physics and chemistry like wave theory, the wave-particle dualism, the periodic table and the underlying atom structures are indispensable as well.

Also, every design in concrete drilling has its weak points. The two-cutter design is fast in concrete drilling, but it doesn’t withstand hitting rebar well. The four-cutter design withstands rebar hits better, but it doesn’t have the life of full-head carbide. The best concrete drill bits in the world feature full-head carbide in SDS-plus or SDS-max configurations. A two-cutter bit is not intended to drill into rebar.

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The students know the large material groups and typical representatives and can distinguish them based on their internal structure and the resulting properties. To this end, they are able to describe crystalline structures mathematically and to propose appropriate methods to characterise them. They are familiar with the different kinds of lattice defects, the mechanisms of their formation and motion and their impact on the mechanical (and, in some cases, electronic) material properties. Based on this knowledge, they can sketch suitable thermal treatments in order to design appropriate microstructures for giving the material a desired property. Generally phrased, the students develop an attitude and basic capacities of defect and microstructure engineering.

Bosch Group Manager Tom Grego has provided insight into use, application and best-practice for carbide in drilling applications. His Carbide 101 Q&A will better educate you as to what carbide is and why it’s so widely used in tough drilling and cutting tasks.

Full-head carbide is not notched pieces set into the steel shaft, but a 100 percent carbide tip that’s interwoven with the steel to create a stronger bond. This is the most robust, longest-lasting design when drilling into hard aggregate or concrete with rebar. There’s a visual difference between the three options.

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Recently, users saw a demonstration of what happens when a two-cutter bit hits rebar in concrete. That’s dangerous because the tool can jam and wrench the user’s arm. Bosch has Kickback Control technology in its tools to stop the tool to help prevent injury to the user. Or there’s this option: A four-cutter bit will not bind when it hits rebar.

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Using the correct drill bit goes a long way towards determining the success of your project. Your drill bit needs to be sharp and manufactured of the right material to match whatever you are drilling into. For concrete drill applications you’ll need a carbide drill bit.

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Timothy is the founder and editor of Charles & Hudson and former editor at Popular Mechanics, This Old House, and Lifehacker. His work has been published on Wired, Bob Vila, DIY Network, and The Family Handyman. He is also the founder of the Webby-nominated Built by Kids and host of the popular Tool Crave podcast.

Apr 19, 2022 — What is a Reamer? Reamers are rotary tools with one or more teeth, used to remove a thin layer of metal on the surface of a machined hole, ...

The next iteration of concrete bit design is the four cutter. In this design, two additional notches are made in the steel on either side of the original carbide chip. New designs have one piece of carbide notched into the steel bit in the shape of the four-cutter. Users may not understand the intricacies of two-cutter versus four-cutter design, but they do know that more carbide at the end of the bit represents a better, longer-lasting concrete drill bit.

Users know some basics about carbide, but their overriding expectation is that more carbide equals a better bit. They’re not wrong. Users just want to know the bit works. They don’t want the carbide to chip or the head to break off. It’s a show-me thing and users will be happy if: Heat won’t kill the bit, rebar won’t break it and hard aggregate won’t wear it down.

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Joining students need to have a sufficient active working knowledge in mathematics, including differential, integral and vector calculus. Some basic materials capacities are expected, e.g. how to quantitatively describe basic mechanical and electrical properties. Some basics of physics and chemistry like wave theory, the wave-particle dualism, the periodic table and the underlying atom structures are indispensable as well.

It’s a compound of different materials that starts in powder form. It’s formulated to take a solid shape and can be used in a number of different products. In the power tool industry, it’s used in accessories as a drill bit tip or on the cutting edge or a blade. Primary attributes of tungsten carbide are robustness and life in harsh applications like drilling in hard aggregate.

A: The number one cost on any jobsite is labor. When the workers can’t work because of equipment failure and the need to change a bit, that’s downtime. Worse yet, if there’s no replacement available and workers need to walk the site looking for a replacement bit it’s a waste of money. If there are no replacements work simply stops.

1.             Introduction: examples of structures, patterns, microstructures in materials 2.             Perfect crystals: crystallography in real spacea.             Primitive cells and vectors, symmetry operations, crystal structuresb.             Lattice planes and directions, Miller indices for cubic materials, stacking sequencesc.             Diffraction 3.             Point defects in crystals: vacancies and solid solutionsa.             Types of point defects in crystals and their formationb.             Motion of point defects: diffusion as a thermally activated process 4.             Line defects in crystals: dislocationsa.             Geometry and types of dislocationsb.             Plastic deformation as glide of dislocations in slip planesc.             Work-hardening as storage and annihilation of dislocations 5.             Planar defects in crystalsa.             Stacking faultsb.             Twinningc.             Grain and phase boundaries and their internal structures 6.             Multiphase materials and phase transformationsa.             Solidification: nucleation and growth, solidification of metals and alloysb.             Precipitation: kinetics, examples, impact on strengthc.             Martensitic transformations

Some manufacturers are adding more teeth or cutting edges to the carbide head design instead of making a more solid piece because it is difficult to do correctly. Some concrete drill bits have six or more cutting edges now. This tends to be an aesthetic option versus an extreme performance jump.

The four-cutter design doesn’t lock on rebar the way a two-cutter can. This helps prevent injury, but then the bit can suffer failure with a broken head or the cutters become unusable. Then you’re out $80. By contrast, a full-head carbide bit would just drill through the rebar and keep going. The other option is to change to a rebar cutter bit, drill through the rebar and then go back to the concrete bit.