When router bits transformed from high-speed steel to tungsten tipped it increased the lifespan of your average bit by about 8-10 times.

Among the duplex grades, LDX 2101 stands out as a grade with good machinability and is in the same range as the Prodec grades when using cemented carbide tools.

That’s because these cutterheads are basically offering the opportunity to confine a series of prolonged and hidden costs into one direct payment. So ask yourself a few questions:

Take some time to think it over and if you’re still uncertain about any step of the process get in contact. Like any innovation, there’s a start-up cost, but boy is it smooth-sailing when you finally leave the harbour…

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But after doing some research it turns out there’s some misleading language out there, and we think it’s time someone clarified the situation once and for all…

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Well it’s about to be the same with helical-path spiral cutterheads. You only have to rotate your spiral-head knives once for every 8-10 blade changes on straight high-speed steel blades.

That’s 8-10 times more efficient straight away. But the kicker is you can then rotate each knife four times before replacing it. This means the knives will last up to 40 times longer than straight blade knives. Yep, you read correctly. All cutterheads come standard with solid carbide knives and replacement packets of 10 are available separately.

The relief angle for a milling insert is of paramount importance in achieving efficient and successful machining operations. It plays a crucial role in chip ...

In case you’re wondering what we’re talking about, helical path spiral cutterheads are the new in-vogue addition to any thicknesser or jointer that’s worth the timber it planes.

Quality abrasives and tools suitable for the application should always be used and abrasives should always be changed before they are completely worn out. Worn-out abrasives will smear the surface instead of removing metal. To avoid extraneous rust, the same tools used for carbon steels should not be used for stainless steels.

When machining stainless steel it is important to use tools and inserts that are designed for stainless steel, and the tool supplier’s recommendations should be followed to have optimal chip length and increased tool life. Outokumpu also provides starting recommendations for both High-Speed Steel (HSS) tools and Cemented Carbide (CC) tools in the machining guidelines presented for several stainless steel grades.

You cannot find a machine under $1,000 that has helical-path spiral cutterheads - sure, they might have spiral cutterheads - but without the helical path engineering, they don’t have any of the spiral cutterhead advantages. So you can see why they still use the term ‘Spiral Head’.

The free-machining grades are the most similar to carbon steel out of all stainless steel grades These grades often have an increased sulfur or selenium content to facilitate chip breaking. Outokumpu’s Prodec grades, which are still within the specification of standard 4307 or 4404, are machinability enhanced by a special metallurgical treatment. These grades have up to 40% better machinability compared to standard grades.

Machining processes include milling, turning, drilling, and threading. Stainless steels are generally more challenging to machine than standard carbon steel and a general rule is that the higher a steel’s alloying content, the more difficult it is to machine. The ferritic grades are generally easier to machine than the standard austenitic grades.

In terms of cutting, ferritic stainless steels behave like carbon steels with a similar strength level. To minimize burr height in punching and shearing, the clearance – the distance between the punch and the die – should be kept below 10% for austenitic stainless steel grades, while a somewhat larger clearance can be accepted for duplex grades.

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The major issue when shearing, punching, and sawing is tool wear, or chipping, as this has a large impact on the quality of the edge. The amount of burr should be kept as small as possible and parameters that can have an influence are clearance, tool wear, cutting forces, and cutting speed. For thermal cutting, parameters like shielding gas and energy input can have an effect on the amount of burr that is formed.

One of the questions we encounter nearly everyday is ‘What's the difference between the spiral cutterhead on this $500 thicknesser and this $1,200 thicknesser?'

Woodworkers buy these type of cutterheads for the quality of the cut and the removal of stress on their machine alone, but approaching the argument on a purely cost-for-cost basis, they’re an expensive proposition in one-hit.

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Due to the complicated nature of designing each blade at a relative angle to each other, there is significantly higher cost in engineering and precision machining a helical pattern.

It's usually followed by 'How much longer do spiral cutterheads actually last than regular straight edge?’ They're the kind of repetitive questions we don’t mind answering, because it reminds us a little of when router bits evolved from high-speed steel to carbide tipped: honestly, the look on a few of our customer’s faces when we let them in on the worst kept secret in woodworking is pretty rewarding.

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They also make smaller chips and operate with far less noise than other types of cutterheads. Unlike conventional single straight knifes, you don’t even need to replace the knife if it becomes damaged or dull. Instead, if one knife edge is damaged or needs sharpening, simply turn it to another edge in seconds.

Instead of punching the material at 90°, one knife shears smoothly across the timber, before the next knife engages at the exact same angle. It’s far less work for your machine’s motor, which means true shear-cut helical spiral heads require less horsepower.

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So don’t get confused by the misleading language here – check that the machine’s knives cut with a helical spiral pattern, that they have the extra-width and they’re not just imposters.

Grinding involves metal removal in order to obtain a finer surface finish. A useful guideline when grinding stainless steel is to remember that grinding with a very coarse grit (P 36) involves a risk of causing deep surface defects. Grit P60 or P80 is often a good starting point for many applications. Further grinding operations should take place in steps with a double value of the grit in each step, for example P80-P160-P320, until the desired surface finish has been reached.

How inconvenient is the process of replacing the knives, reinstalling and then maintaining the cutterhead so it accurately manages the cutting edges?

The extra-width means each tip passes over more of the material, leaving a smoother finish. It’s a smarter, more efficient design that not only improves cuts and machine-lifespan, but can save you a ton in replacement blades. But we’ll get to that later.

Then, when you eventually do need to replace them, they screw in evenly in a matter of seconds – no more jigs to align them with each other.

Helical-path cutterheads have been around long enough to know that there’s no downside to any aspect of the maintenance or operation, you’ll begin saving money the minute you install them in your machine. The only drawback is that initial investment is larger than a simple carbide-tipper router bit.

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You will only need to replace the inserts when four edges are dull. Compare this to your speed-steel knives and you’ll think your machine has discovered the fountain of youth.

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The helical-path spiral head uses 27mm-wide knives - these are almost double the standard 14-15mm knives on other segmented cutterheads, creating a finish twice as smooth, twice as quickly.

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One of the problems our industry faces at the moment - and one of the reasons we get a lot of questions - is the variance of confusing terms that apply to cheaper machines.

Cutting stainless steel can involve shearing, punching, sawing, and thermal cutting techniques like plasma or laser cutting. A general difference between cutting mild carbon steel and stainless steel is the need for higher cutting forces, but the same methods that are used for cutting carbon steel can be applied for cutting stainless steel.

Machining, cutting and grinding put the shine and polished finish on stainless steels. Machining involves various processes done for the specific type and grade of steel and using the right tools and inserts. A special metallurgical treatment gives Prodec grades up to 40% enhanced machinability compared to standard grades. High quality cutting is achieved using the right amount of burr with precise parameters, while grinding using the correct grit and in stages gives a fine surface finish.

Helical-path spiral cutterheads are designed with a true shear cut, which means the knives are arranged in a helical spiral pattern and set at relative angles.

Machining, cutting, and grinding place the shine and polished finish on stainless steel. Machining involves various processes done for the specific type and grade of steel and using the right tools and inserts. A special metallurgical treatment gives Prodec grades up to 40% enhanced machinability compared to standard grades. High-quality cutting is achieved by using the right amount of burr with precise parameters while grinding with the correct grit and in stages gives a fine surface finish.