4.  High-cost performanceCompared with other wood CNC router, this hobby CNC router is very cost-effective. No need for high purchase costs, maintenance costs, and training costs. This hobby CNC router can meet the processing needs of users.

The third is the control method that uses the USB port to transmit data. The system has a memory capacity of more than 32M. As long as the file is saved, you can immediately leave and turn off the computer, or perform another typesetting. This way greatly improves the working efficiency of the engraving machine. The above three control methods have their own control characteristics. We can choose according to specific processing requirements.

Face Milling – The primary application of shell mills. The cutting edges on the outside diameter allow full face width milling in one pass.

Contouring Profiles: Programming end mills along irregular profiles creates clean contours with no hand-blending required.

End Mill: Select an end mill when you need a versatile cutter for various milling operations. End mills are small, solid cutters with cutting edges on the periphery and end face. They are suitable for tasks such as slotting, profiling, contouring, and plunging. End mills come in different shapes (square, ball nose, corner radius) and coatings to suit different machining needs. They are commonly used in both roughing and finishing operations.

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3. Wide range of application industriesIn daily life, we can see products carved by hobby CNC router everywhere. For example, ceramic tiles, antique furniture, molds, handicrafts, architectural models, sign advertising, etc. Moreover, its application industries are quite extensive. And its market prospects are also very broad.

Set Parameters: Set the speed, feed, and depth of cut on your machine, based on the material you’re working with and the manufacturer’s recommendations.

The second is to use a single-chip microcomputer control. This kind of controller can perform typesetting while the small CNC machine is working, but we can’t turn off the computer. Therefore, this control method is equivalent to saving a computer and reducing the influence caused by the wrong operation of the computer.

Machining Process: Start the machine and slowly feed the workpiece into the shell mill. Always ensure you’re milling in the correct direction.

Versatility: End mills can perform almost any milling operation: slots, shoulders, profiles, grooves, pockets, drilling, and chamfering. Their flexibility minimizes tool changes.

Face milling is one of the most common metal cutting operations and face mill cutters are the most essential tools for the job. Face mills are used to machine large flat surfaces with a single pass but require an understanding of their key features to get the best performance.

High-Speed Machining: Face mills can handle high feed rates, improving productivity when a lot of material needs to be removed quickly.

Choosing the Right Shell Mill: Ensure the shell mill is suitable for the material you’re working with and is of the right size for your milling machine and workpiece.

End mills come in a range of lengths, diameters, helix angles, number of flutes, coatings, and geometries optimized for specific applications. They may be center cutting or non-center cutting, allowing plunging axially into a workpiece.

A shell mill cutter consists of a cylindrical body with cutting teeth arranged around the circumference of one end. The cutting edges are on the outside diameter of the cutter which allows it to cut on the sides as well as the bottom of the workpiece. The body of the shell mill is hollow inside, giving it the cup-like shape that provides it with the name “shell mill”.

From the appearance structure, this type of hobby CNC machine mainly contains a conventional hobby CNC machine and desktop CNC router. This type of conventional hobby CNC machine has a similar bed structure to ordinary CNC wood router. What we are focusing on is this type of desktop CNC router.

Control methods are mainly including three main methods. The first is that all computing tasks are completed under computer control. Under this control mode, the computer is in a working state when the hobby CNC router is working. And other typesetting work is not possible. This control method has high requirements for operating skills.

Shearing Action: With proper selection of rake angles, face mills can induce shearing rather than rubbing/plowing of the material for lower cutting forces.

This type of desktop CNC machine has a table-type bed. And the overall height is lower than that of the ordinary wood CNC router. This feature has particularly obvious advantages in packaging and transportation. Therefore, it is convenient to pack and transport. And it can also save users more costs to a certain extent.

A hobby CNC router is specially designed for small-sized woodworking. Standard worktable sizes include 2’x3’, 2’x4’, and 4’x4’. Its excellent processing precision enables it to be good at cutting and carving wood, acrylic, and plastic advertising signs, letters, logos, double-colored boards, and also guitar, Erhu, or other string instruments. Based on your needs, you can add a rotating spindle, ATC, or other higher configurations.

Mold industry: This mini CNC router can engrave metal molds such as copper, aluminum, iron. And it can also process non-metal molds such as artificial marble, sand, plastic plates, PVC pipes, and wood panels.

The fine machining spindle motor has features of low noise, high speed, and height. And it is suitable for processing particularly fine workpieces, such as seals, nameplates, badges, and gifts. This type of motor is usually a high-speed variable frequency motor with small power, generally below 250W. The disadvantage is that the ability to cut thick materials is poor. Therefore, it is not suitable for cutting thick materials.

Set Parameters: Set your machine’s speed, feed, and depth of cut according to your material and the manufacturer’s recommendations.

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Stable Cutting – The broad cutting edges and rigidity of shell mill bodies provides stable cutting, even with deep axial depths of cut. Shell mills can take heavier cuts without deflection or chatter.

Coating: TiCN, AlCrN, diamond coatings all enhance tool life and heat resistance. Uncoated carbide is sufficient for non-ferrous materials.

Available Options: With carbide, high-speed steel (HSS), variable helix, variable pitch, and coated styles, there is an end mill for every application.

Woodworking industry: This hobby CNC router can make three-dimensional wave board processing, screens, cabinet doors, craft wooden doors, solid wood doors. And it can also do paint-free doors, craft fan window processing, shoe polishers, game machine cabinets and panels, mahjong tables, computer tables, and panel furniture processing.

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Helix Angle – A lower helix angle (15-30 degrees) is recommended for difficult to machine materials and interrupted cuts. Higher helix angles (35-45 degrees) perform better in general milling of steel and aluminum.

2. Precise processing technologyThe small CNC machine can handle hollows, reliefs, etc. And it is suitable for high-precision engraving. At present, it can engrave numbers and English letters with an accuracy of 1 mm. And it also can engrave a man with a size of 2 mm, and the engraving surface is smooth and burr-free.

Diameter: Larger diameters offer higher material removal rates but may deflect in slim parts. Smaller tools resist deflection.

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Shell mill cutters come in a range of diameters from very small to extra large sizes over 10″ in diameter. The length of the cutter is typically 1-3 times the diameter. Flutes or grooves run the length of the cutter to allow chips to escape and permit cutting fluid to reach the cutting edges. Shell mills with more flutes generally provide a better finish on the workpiece.

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End mills have cutting teeth on the end as well as the periphery of the cutter. The end cutting edges allow end mills to mill axially while the peripheral edges mill the sides. End mills are designed to cut in the direction of rotation, so feeding laterally creates a shearing action.

Face Mill: Choose a face mill when you need to perform facing operations on large flat surfaces. Face mills are designed for high-speed material removal and are efficient for squaring up workpieces and creating smooth finishes. They are commonly used for tasks such as facing milling machine tables, squaring blocks, or creating large flat surfaces.

If you need to make detailed cuts, pockets, shoulders, complex contours or shapes, an end mill would be the better choice.

Long before complex CNC machining centers existed, the end mill enabled the milling of slots, pockets, and contours in manual machines. Today, it remains one of the most common milling cutters used in a machine shop. Let’s examine the key elements of this essential cutting tool.

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Advertising industry: Hobby CNC router can process double-color plate lettering, signage making, PVC cutting, billboard making, mini word, and light word cutting, etc. And it can also do advertising signs, acrylic cutting, blister molding, logo production, and production of advertising products with multiple materials.

Limited Application: Like face mills, shell mills are primarily used for face milling and may not be suitable for detailed or complex milling operations.

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Pocketing – When programmed with an appropriate tool path, shell mills are excellent for pocket milling square or irregular shaped pockets.

Therefore, it can be used in the production of crystal characters, various types of advertising signs, irregular cutting of plates, artificial stone processing, etc.

Shearing Action: The peripheral teeth cut with a true shearing action for clean, chatter-free cuts, especially in aluminum. Axial forces are minimized.

Versatility – Shell mills can perform almost any type of peripheral or slot milling operations. Their flexibility allows one tool to mill flat surfaces, shoulders, slots, and profiles. This can reduce the number of tools required in the shop.

Shell mill cutters, also known as shell end mills or cup mills, are a versatile type of milling cutter used extensively in manufacturing. This multi-purpose tool is designed to perform a variety of milling operations including face milling, slotting, grooving, and shoulder milling.

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Helix Angle: High helix angles (45-60 degrees) are good for aluminum while lower helix angles (30 degrees) work better for steels.

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Shell Mill: Opt for a shell mill when you require versatility for both face milling and peripheral milling operations. Shell mills have cutting edges on the periphery and the end face, allowing them to perform a range of tasks, including facing, slotting, and contouring. They are suitable for machining large surfaces, slots, and contours. Shell mills are available in various sizes and can be used with different types of inserts or solid carbide cutters.

The high-power spindle motor is mainly doing the cutting and high-power engraving. It has features of high power and strong cutting ability. It is especially suitable for cutting space and three-dimensional characters. Of course, it can also make breastplates, nameplates, and seals.

Cutter Material – Carbide shell mills offer the best wear resistance for most materials. High speed steel can also be used but is limited to lower hardness materials.

Large-format engraving machines are recommended to use widened imported square rails. The load capacity and accuracy retention capacity of this square rail are more than 30 times that of the round rail. Therefore, it can realize the high-quality and high-speed operation of the hobby CNC machine. In addition, if it is ordinary small-format processing, round rails are the most ideal choice.We provide the best hobby CNC router or best hobby CNC machine for users. If you are interested in this hobby CNC router, please contact with me.

Choose the Right Face Mill: Ensure that the face mill is suitable for the material you’re working with and is of the correct size for your milling machine and your workpiece.

Machining Process: Start the machine and slowly feed the workpiece into the end mill or move the end mill into the workpiece, depending on your machine setup.

Cost-Effectiveness: Despite higher initial costs, the ability to replace individual inserts rather than the entire tool can save costs in the long run.

The choice between a face mill, shell mill, or end mill depends on the specific machining requirements and the type of operation you need to perform. Here are some general guidelines to consider:

Versatility: Face mills can be used on a variety of materials, including steel, aluminum, and other metals, as well as non-metallic materials.

The hobby CNC machine is mainly used for engraving and milling of PVC, acrylic, two-color board, plastics, bakelite, solid wood, and soft-metal materials like graphite electrode processing. And it is also suitable for engraving PCB circuit boards, model molds, crafts, plastic boxes with limited specifications, aluminum alloy chassis, openings in the panel. Besides that, it also can do some processes like 3D engraving, drilling, and milling of metal materials such as aluminum alloy and copper.

The spindle is an important component of the hobby CNC router machine. And its performance has a vital influence on the performance of the hobby CNC router. Processing spindles are usually divided into precision processing spindles and high-power spindles.

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Speed/Feed Capability: The rigidity of most end mills allows relatively high feed rates, especially in smaller diameters. This boosts material removal rates.

If you need to make a large flat surface or finish a surface, a face mill or shell mill would be a good choice. The choice between these two depends on the size of the surface (go for shell mill for larger surfaces) and the flexibility you need with tooling (shell mill offers more flexibility).

A hobby CNC router is also called a small CNC router, desktop CNC router, home CNC router, Mini CNC router. Compared with other ordinary CNC router machines, this hobby CNC machine has a relatively small size. And it’s mainly including 600×900 mm and 1200×1200 mm. This type of small CNC machine has a compact structure and a small footprint. Therefore, it is easy to move and use. And this hobby CNC router adopts advanced industrial numerical control operation software and typesetting processing software to complete various processing requirements on the small workpiece of users. Therefore, the hobby CNC router is popular among woodworking enthusiasts and in the advertising industry.

Set Parameters: Set your machine’s speed, feed, and depth of cut according to the material you’re working with and the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Face mills, shell mills, and end mills are all types of milling cutters, but they have different designs and are used for distinct machining operations. Understanding the differences between them will help you choose the right tool for your specific application.

Customers should choose the model and power of their hobby CNC router according to their business needs and financial status. The common processing sizes of small CNC machines include general small-format engraving machines such as 600 mm×600 mm, 600 mm×900 mm, and 120 mm×120 mm. Engraving two-color plates are the most basic application of small CNC machines. And it has good acceptance.

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A high-power small CNC router refers to the engraving machine whose engraving motor power is above 700W. This type of mini CNC machine can not only perform low-power engraving, but also high-power engraving.

From the perspective of processing functions, a hobby CNC router is mainly including low-power small CNC machine and high-power small CNC machine.

Flute Count – Shell mills with more flutes allow higher feed rates but sacrifice space for chip evacuation. 4-5 flutes is most common.

Full Cutting Width: The primary advantage of face mills is their ability to mill a full width surface in one pass. This maximizes productivity for surfacing operations.

Versatility: End mills can be used on a variety of materials, including metal, wood, and plastic, making them highly versatile tools.

Slot/Pocket Milling: The most common application is milling square or rectangular slots and pockets with a full 180 degree shoulder.

Finishing Operations: End mills can also be used for finishing operations, providing a final shape and smooth finish to a workpiece.

The small CNC router is currently on the market. And it can adapt to many materials such as solid wood, composite panels, aluminum-plastic panels, PVC, acrylic panels, and so on.

Finishing Operations: They are often used for providing a smooth finish on the surface of the workpiece due to their design and the number of cutting edges.

Each milling cutter has its own specific design, paramater, and application. Here is a table comparing face mill, shell mill, and end mill:

Material Removal Rate – The large cutting surface of shell mills means they can remove material faster than end mills. Their high metal removal rates make them well-suited for roughing cuts and heavy machining applications.

Machining Process: Start the machine and slowly feed the workpiece into the face mill, ensuring you’re milling in the correct direction.

Mold industry: mini CNC router can also process copper electrodes, punches, stainless steel badges, bronze medals, wax molds, etc.

Chip Control – The flutes in shell mill cutters provide efficient chip evacuation even when milling deep cavities or pockets. This allows them to mill cleaner with less chance of chip recutting.

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A face mill cutter consists of a round body that holds removable indexable inserts that do the cutting. The inserts are arranged radially around the cutter body and cut on their round periphery. This allows the entire diameter of the cutter to be used for milling, maximizing the cutting width in a single pass. Face mills come in a range of diameters from as small as 1″ cutters used for milling slots, up to huge 8-10″ diameter cutters used for surfacing large plates and flats. Axial rake angles can be positive, neutral, or slightly negative to optimize shearing action based on workpiece material.

Inserts vs Solid Carbide – Inserted tooth cutters allow indexing of the replaceable cutting inserts. Solid carbide tools require grinding/sharpening when worn.

Number of Teeth – More teeth will provide a finer finish but lower feed rates. 4-6 teeth is common for roughing while 7+ teeth are used for semi-finishing/finishing.

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Large-format hobby CNC router machines include 1200 mm×1200 mm, 200 mm×1500 mm, 1500 mm×2400 mm, 2400 mm×3000 mm. And the feed width of the above models is more than 1350 mm. The size of plexiglass and PVC boards on the market are 1300 mm×2400 mm. Therefore, these models are more suitable for customers who need large-format hobby CNC router.

Repeatable Accuracy: The radial inserts on a face mill are accurately located to prevent stepped surfaces. This results in a highly repeatable finish.

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Easy Indexing: The replaceable inserts on face mills make it simple to index to fresh cutting edges once worn. This facilitates quick insert changes right on the machine.

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The low-power engraving machine refers to the CNC engraving machine with a small motor power which generally from 80W to 200W. Because of its small motor power, it can only be used for fine processing with fewer engraving surfaces at a time such as badges, sand table models, surface processing of crafts, etc.

Metal products’ industry: Hobby CNC router can do copper and aluminum hollow cutting and engraving. And it mainly includes rail transit, electrical appliances, electric cabinet boxes, vehicles, curtain walls, architectural decoration, hardware products, aluminum parts.

Choose the Right End Mill: Select the appropriate end mill for your material and the type of cut you want to make. Consider factors like the number of flutes, the material of the end mill, and the shape of its tip.