I dislike the four-jaw configuration, but it's less expensive than a three-jaw chuck. It's easy to get a tiny drill bit misaligned when securing it in a four-jaw design.

https://www.darkreading.com/vulnerabilities-threats/cyberattackers-exploit-microsoft-smartscreen-bug-in-stealer-campaign

One option that you have is to use a mini-drill chuck adapter or mini-drill chuck. I used the latter term in a search and the auto-fill in The Google added adapter, but the results were the same:

Reminder: Answers generated by artificial intelligence tools are not allowed on Home Improvement Stack Exchange. Learn more

I have no prior knowledge of drilling but I've stripped a screw on one of my electronics so I need to drill it out to access the insides for a fix.

Stack Exchange network consists of 183 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers.

I routinely use bits down to 1/16" in my DeWalt drills, and I'm reasonably sure that they'd do half that without issue, should I find the need.

https://cyble.com/blog/increase-in-the-exploitation-of-microsoft-smartscreen-vulnerability-cve-2024-21412/?&web_view=true

The top (of some) pivot so you can place a finger there to hold it, then you rotate it by hand. You can even rotate back-and-forth instead of constantly in one direction (because it's easier) and you'll still make a hole. They're very effective at drilling through plastic and pretty reasonable for thin metal.

If you're drilling a hole that small near sensitive electronics, you may want to consider a pin vise. They are often available at hobby stores.

From basic research, I understand that the 'drill chuck' is the hole on the drill where the bit sits. However the majority of drills are suited for 'normal' sized bits.

Here's a picture of one of the first ones I found via Google: Image courtesy of wonkeedonkeetools.co.uk (with a nice description of use), no product reference implied.

I think you misunderstand the nature of a good drill's chuck. As you can see from other photos on this page, a chuck is essentially at zero size when fully closed. It's able to accommodate virtually any size bit up to its bore diameter, which is typically 1/2", but may be only 3/8" with older or small drills.

Doing it by hand, you'll be much less likely to do damage to the surrounding areas by having the bit accidentally drift off course or by overdoing the hole and going through something on the other side that you didn't intend to drill through.

This image came from The Home Depot and will accept from 0.00 inches to 0.039 inches (1 mm) according to the specifications. You would find other mini-drill chucks with larger capacity.