Read on for specifics on using a router to smooth edges or cut grooves in wood. These are two common uses for a table router or handheld router.

Force-feeding gives a rough surface. It also leaves wavy lines called chatter marks. They’re unattractive and you’d need to sand them off for a smooth finish. Working slowly means you’ll have less to polish up when you’re done.

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On a router without a locking shaft, you’ll need two wrenches. One wrench holds the base plate steady or arbor shaft. The other loosens the collet itself. Most dual-wrench collets are on large routers, such as table routers.

Sometimes you may guide a stock against a piloted bit instead of a fence. In that case, feed the stock so that it travels clockwise around the bit while cutting.

Shapers and routers are quite similar. One difference is shapers have larger bits, called cutters. These cutters are strong enough that a single cut may be enough. A shaper is more powerful than a router. It can make it through huge projects without faltering. Some may consider the shaper to be an upgrade from a table router. Shapers are sometimes another name for huge industrial routers.

Use sharp bits. Sharpened bits let your router work most efficiently. Discard damaged or broken bits. Sharpen or replace dull bits.

When inserting the bit, don’t push the shank all the way into the collet. Instead, leave a 1/16-inch to 1/8-inch gap. The space between the bit collet and the base of the mounting hole reduces vibration from the bit to the machine. It also allows room for the shank to seat properly as the nuts are tightened.

This guide will outline how to use a router. There are two main types of routers: table routers and handheld routers. These steps will apply primarily to how to use a table router. It’ll cover safe usage, router mounting and operation. You’ll also learn how to tighten, loosen and remove a router bit.

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When you’re doing other finishing work and know how to use a trim router, it’s important to go slowly. Splintered laminate won’t give the same finished look. By carefully guiding your router along the edge, you can get a smooth finish on your work.

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If you push the material with the spin of the blade, it’s called climb cutting. This is dangerous and should be avoided. The blade might pull the material from your hands. It could even pull your hands or fingers into the blade.

Router bits that have bearings are called pilot bits. Pilot bits work in handheld or table mounted routers. You can use them with or without a fence to guide the workpiece.

Run test cuts before routing your final piece. Use the same scrap wood and bit that you plan to use on your project. Feed the router from right to left if the fence is between you and the router. Feed in the opposite direction if the router is between you and the fence.

If your router has a shaft that locks in place, you’ll only need one wrench. These are often seen on smaller routers, like trim routers. They’re called lock pin or pin lock collets.

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Learn how to use a router guide to get straight lines with unpiloted bits. Straight bits, also called unpiloted bits, have no guide bearings on the end. They’ll only cut in a straight line when you guide the router against a fence. Always use a router guide, or fence, when using unpiloted bits.

If you’re working too fast, you’re force-feeding the router. Force-feeding stock means the bit touches the wood fewer times per cutting pass. Avoid doing this. It often bogs down the machine. Put another way, it slows down your router in a way that you can hear it struggling.

Always set up your router and table per the manufacturer’s guidelines. If you're working on a router table, check your router and mounting plate. Make sure that both are tightly fastened before cutting.

Make shallow passes for smoothest results. Try to resist the urge to make a cut in a single pass. The larger the bit, the deeper the cut. Work even slower on harder materials. For a successful deep cut, you’ll need to make more shallow passes.

When you’re routing a board, you do all four sides. The end of a board often splinters when you rout it. The culprit is the transition from routing end grain to routing side grain. One of the challenges of learning how to use a table router is getting a smooth and unsplintered edge.

A handheld router or table router is a good choice for small-scale DIY woodworking projects. It helps you get used to the motions and methods of the tool.

Before using a router fence, make sure there is no wood waste on the work surface. Debris could interfere with the wood from laying flat and flush against the fence.

Most router bits have 1/4-inch or 1/2-inch collets. Almost all routers have collets that fit both shank sizes. Trim routers lack this option.

Tightening or loosening the router bit depends on the individual router. Routers have either a dual-wrench collet or a pin lock collet. The collet is the nut that holds the bit to the router. Some routers require two wrenches to tighten or loosen the bit. Others need only one wrench.

Find the router bits or lumber you need to get started today. The Home Depot delivers online orders when and where you need them. For special projects and one-time jobs, consider our tool rental options for all your woodworking needs.

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Learning how to use a router may take a bit of practice, but it's worth it. Knowing the answer to “What does a router do?” is a valuable skill for any DIY enthusiast. Enjoy professional results on your woodworking projects by routing the edges.

Before changing bits or rotary tool attachments, unplug your router. Double-check that the router is off and unplugged. Do this before doing any maintenance or changing out router parts.

Follow the same tips when learning how to use a trim router. Trim routers are smaller versions of wood routers. They’re used for trimming laminate.

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Learn how to use a router to widen your DIY horizons. Using a wood router to shape and cut wood lets you finish edges for a professional look. You can use a router to create patterns and grooves in wood.

The router on a router table is upside-down compared to a handheld router. Feed stock from right to left along the fence. Stock is a board or piece of wood.

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Mounting a router upside down underneath a table turns the router into a small shaper. This is a versatile tool to make moulding for a custom trim work piece.

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Feed a table router slowly from right to left for best results. The wood goes in against the direction the blade is spinning. You should feel light to moderate resistance as you work. The resistance means the router is doing the work. Feed speed is determined by the wood and the type of cut you’re making.

Safety Tip: Recklessly running wood through the router could injury you, the project or the tool. Always carefully run the wood against the spin of the blade. Slow and shallow cuts are key.

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Understanding the answer to “What does a router do?” means properly using the tool. You could run a router quickly along a board to get done faster. However, if you take your time, the project will turn out much better.

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Some wood splinters or chips at the edge. In those case, stop routing normally when you've got 1/16 inch of wood to remove. Make the final pass working clockwise.

When you’re buying a router, choose one with lots of horsepower. The greater the horsepower, the less noise a router makes. Table mounted routers typically have more horsepower than handheld routers. If possible, get one with a speed control and adjustable base.

Router tables have a hole for the bit. They allow for adjustments to the bit height. Tables also have a router fence and a dust port. The dust port can connect to a shop vacuum or dust collector.

You can mount a router to a workbench or a router table. Attach a router to a workbench with a shop-made jig. If you have a router but need to purchase a table, make sure they’re compatible with each other.

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Helical's Custom-Engineered Program is designed to give you the best possible custom tool experience from end-to-end. We set ourselves apart with a team of engineers eager to understand every aspect of your project.

Tip: Listen to the machine. Any change in sound gives you clues. The pitch changes when you're working the machine too hard by feeding too fast. The router may also sound different when your bit is dull and needs replacing. Over time, your ears can help guide your router technique.

Test cuts are important for router users of all skill levels. Use the same bit and wood type as your project to find what speed works best.

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