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Depth of cut formulafor turning
Determines the volume of material removed per minute in certain cutting conditions.Ae – Radial depth of cutAp -Axial depth of cutVf – Table feedQ – MMRToggle mm / InchOther CalculatorsPayment options Payment options TheoryThe Metal roval rate (MRR) is measured in cubic inches (Or cubic mm) per minute and indicates how much material is machined in one minute at a set of cutting conditions. In milling, it is the product of the Table Feed, Radial depth of cut, and axial depth of cut. Learn more in our in-depth Metal Removal Page. MRR is used for two purposes:Comapring the productivity between two sets of cutting conditions.Estimating the required power consumption.Formula (metric/inch)ae – Radial depth of cut [mm] or [inch]ap -Axial depth of cut [mm] or [inch]Vf – Table feed [mm/min] or [inch/min]Q – Metal Removal Rate [mm3/min] or [inch3/min]\( \large Q = V_f \times a_e \times a_p \)
Milling Feedrate (Also called Table Feed and Feed Speed), is the linear velocity of a milling cutter relative to the workpiece, measured in [mm/min] or [inch/min]. It is the actual parameter that is programmed into the machine. However, it is not a property of the cutter’s geometry, and it needs to be calculated based on the spindle speed and the number of teeth. The basic parameters that we can obtain from the tool catalog are the cutting speed and the feed per tooth (Chip load). From the cutting speed, we can calculate the spindle speed with the above calculator. after that, we can proceed with the following formula
This page includes only elementary calculators. For more complex topics, there is a separate page for each calculator. Go to the Machining Calculators Page for the complete list.Choose a Milling CalculatorCutting SpeedSpindle SpeedFeed Per ToothTable FeedMetal Removal RatePayment options Cutting Speed Calculator and FormulaHow to calculate the cutting speed based on the milling cutter’s diameter and spindle speed)d – Effective diametern – Spindle SpeedC – circumferenceVc – Cutting SpeedToggle mm / InchOther CalculatorsPayment options Payment options TheoryCutting speed is the relative linear velocity between the tip of the cutting edge and the workpiece. It is a result of the product between the rotation speed of the milling cutter (Spindle speed) and its circumference.\( \large C = 2 \times \pi \times r = \pi \times d \)\( \large V_c = n \times C \)Important Note: The Diameter (d) should be the effective diameter and not the cutter diameter. In 90° mills, both have the same value, However, on round and chamfer cutters, the effective diameter depends on the depth ofFormula in metric unitsd – [mm]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minutes)Vc – [m/min]\( \large V_c = \huge \frac{n \times \pi \times d}{1000} \)Formula in Imperial unitsd – [Inch]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [SFM] (Surface feet per minute)\( \large V_c = \huge \frac{n \times \pi \times d}{12} \)Spindle Speed Calculator And FormulaHow to calculate the spindle speed based on the milling cutter’s diameter and cutting speedd – Effective diametern – Spindle SpeedC – circumferenceVc – Cutting SpeedToggle mm / InchOther CalculatorsPayment options Payment options TheoryThe milling cutter’s catalog or our experience tells us the cutting speed we need to use for a given application. On the other hand, the CNC machine is programmed with spindle speed. Therefore it is common that we need to compute the RPM from a given cutting speed either for programming or to ensure that the speed we want to run at is within the machine’s limit. It is calculated by dividing the cutting speed by the cutter’s circumference.Power Tip – Use our Speed and Feed Calculator to get the recommended cutting speed based on dozens of parameters!\( \large C = 2 \times \pi \times r = \pi \times d \)\( \large n= \huge \frac{V_c}{d} \)Important Note: for accurate results, you should use the Effective Diameter. In 90° mills, it is simply the cutter’s diameter, However, on round and chamfer cutters, the effective diameter depends on the depth of cut and the cutter geometry.Formula in metric unitsd – [mm]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [m/min]\( \large n = \huge \frac{1000 \times V_c}{\pi \times d} \)Formula in Imperial unitsd – [Inch]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [SFM] (Surface feet per minute)\( \large n = \huge \frac{12 \times V_c}{\pi \times d} \)Feed Per Tooth Calculator And FormulaThe Feed per Tooth calculator will help you calculate the milling cutter Feed based on the table feed, spindle speed, and the number of flutes.n – Spindle Speedz – Number of teethFz – Feed per toothVf – Table FeedToggle mm / InchOther CalculatorsPayment options Payment options TheoryFeed per Tooth represents the load that is acting on a single cutting edge of a milling cutter (chip load). It is a good indicator to check if certain cutting conditions (Spindle speed and table feed) are reasonable for a given cutter geometry. It is calculated by dividing the table feed by the spindle speed and the number of flutes.Power Tip – fz is equal to the chip load only when on a 90° milling cutter working at a radial depth of cut that is larger than the cutter’s radius (ae>r). In other cases, you can use a higher feed depending on the Chip Thinning Factor.Formula (metric/inch)z – Number of teethn – Spindle speed [RPM]fz – Feed per tooth [mm or Inch]fn – Feed per revolution [mm or Inch]Vf – Table feed [mm/min] or [inch/min]\( \large f_z= \huge \frac{V_f}{n \times z} \)Table Feed Calculator And FormulaHow to calculate the feedrate based on the feed per tooth, spindle speed and number of flutes.n – Spindle Speedz – Number of teethFz – Feed per toothVf – Table FeedToggle mm / InchOther CalculatorsPayment options Payment options TheoryMilling Feedrate (Also called Table Feed and Feed Speed), is the linear velocity of a milling cutter relative to the workpiece, measured in [mm/min] or [inch/min]. It is the actual parameter that is programmed into the machine. However, it is not a property of the cutter’s geometry, and it needs to be calculated based on the spindle speed and the number of teeth. The basic parameters that we can obtain from the tool catalog are the cutting speed and the feed per tooth (Chip load). From the cutting speed, we can calculate the spindle speed with the above calculator. after that, we can proceed with the following formulaFormula (metric/inch)z – Number of teethn – Spindle speed [RPM]fz – Feed per tooth [mm or Inch]fn – Feed per revolution [mm or Inch]Vf – Table feed [mm/min] or [inch/min]\( \large f_n = z \times f_z \)\( \large V_f= n \times f_n \)\( \normalsize \text {Or directly} \)\( \large V_f= n \times z \times f_z \ \)Power Tip – The primary parameter that yields the table feed (Vf) is the Feed per Tooth (fz). A common mistake is to use the chip load recommendation provided by the catalogs as the feed per tooth. However, this assumption is correct only when using a 90° milling cutter with a radial depth of cut that is larger than the cutter’s radius (ae>r). In other cases, you can use a much higher fz depending on the Chip Thinning Factor.Metal Removal Rate Calculator and FormulaDetermines the volume of material removed per minute in certain cutting conditions.Ae – Radial depth of cutAp -Axial depth of cutVf – Table feedQ – MMRToggle mm / InchOther CalculatorsPayment options Payment options TheoryThe Metal roval rate (MRR) is measured in cubic inches (Or cubic mm) per minute and indicates how much material is machined in one minute at a set of cutting conditions. In milling, it is the product of the Table Feed, Radial depth of cut, and axial depth of cut. Learn more in our in-depth Metal Removal Page. MRR is used for two purposes:Comapring the productivity between two sets of cutting conditions.Estimating the required power consumption.Formula (metric/inch)ae – Radial depth of cut [mm] or [inch]ap -Axial depth of cut [mm] or [inch]Vf – Table feed [mm/min] or [inch/min]Q – Metal Removal Rate [mm3/min] or [inch3/min]\( \large Q = V_f \times a_e \times a_p \)Related Glossary Terms:Cutting SpeedRPMCircumferenceCutting EdgeCNC MachineFeed Per ToothMilling Feed Rate (Table Feed)Chip LoadRadial Depth of Cut (Milling AE)Feedrate (Turning)Metal Removal Rate (MRR)Axial Depth of Cut (Milling AP)
Depth of cut formulacalculator
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The Metal roval rate (MRR) is measured in cubic inches (Or cubic mm) per minute and indicates how much material is machined in one minute at a set of cutting conditions. In milling, it is the product of the Table Feed, Radial depth of cut, and axial depth of cut. Learn more in our in-depth Metal Removal Page. MRR is used for two purposes:
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The milling cutter’s catalog or our experience tells us the cutting speed we need to use for a given application. On the other hand, the CNC machine is programmed with spindle speed. Therefore it is common that we need to compute the RPM from a given cutting speed either for programming or to ensure that the speed we want to run at is within the machine’s limit. It is calculated by dividing the cutting speed by the cutter’s circumference.Power Tip – Use our Speed and Feed Calculator to get the recommended cutting speed based on dozens of parameters!\( \large C = 2 \times \pi \times r = \pi \times d \)\( \large n= \huge \frac{V_c}{d} \)Important Note: for accurate results, you should use the Effective Diameter. In 90° mills, it is simply the cutter’s diameter, However, on round and chamfer cutters, the effective diameter depends on the depth of cut and the cutter geometry.Formula in metric unitsd – [mm]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [m/min]\( \large n = \huge \frac{1000 \times V_c}{\pi \times d} \)Formula in Imperial unitsd – [Inch]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [SFM] (Surface feet per minute)\( \large n = \huge \frac{12 \times V_c}{\pi \times d} \)
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\( \large C = 2 \times \pi \times r = \pi \times d \)\( \large n= \huge \frac{V_c}{d} \)Important Note: for accurate results, you should use the Effective Diameter. In 90° mills, it is simply the cutter’s diameter, However, on round and chamfer cutters, the effective diameter depends on the depth of cut and the cutter geometry.Formula in metric unitsd – [mm]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [m/min]\( \large n = \huge \frac{1000 \times V_c}{\pi \times d} \)Formula in Imperial unitsd – [Inch]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [SFM] (Surface feet per minute)\( \large n = \huge \frac{12 \times V_c}{\pi \times d} \)
Standarddepth of cut formula
Important Note: The Diameter (d) should be the effective diameter and not the cutter diameter. In 90° mills, both have the same value, However, on round and chamfer cutters, the effective diameter depends on the depth ofFormula in metric unitsd – [mm]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minutes)Vc – [m/min]\( \large V_c = \huge \frac{n \times \pi \times d}{1000} \)Formula in Imperial unitsd – [Inch]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [SFM] (Surface feet per minute)\( \large V_c = \huge \frac{n \times \pi \times d}{12} \)
z – Number of teethn – Spindle speed [RPM]fz – Feed per tooth [mm or Inch]fn – Feed per revolution [mm or Inch]Vf – Table feed [mm/min] or [inch/min]\( \large f_n = z \times f_z \)\( \large V_f= n \times f_n \)\( \normalsize \text {Or directly} \)\( \large V_f= n \times z \times f_z \ \)
RadialDepth of cut formula
How do you calculate speed and feed? · Speed (RPM) = (Surface Feet per Minute x 3.82) / Diameter of the Tool · Feed Rate = RPM x Chip Load x Number of Teeth · RPM ...
Power Tip – The primary parameter that yields the table feed (Vf) is the Feed per Tooth (fz). A common mistake is to use the chip load recommendation provided by the catalogs as the feed per tooth. However, this assumption is correct only when using a 90° milling cutter with a radial depth of cut that is larger than the cutter’s radius (ae>r). In other cases, you can use a much higher fz depending on the Chip Thinning Factor.
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Depth of cut formulapdf
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Power Tip – fz is equal to the chip load only when on a 90° milling cutter working at a radial depth of cut that is larger than the cutter’s radius (ae>r). In other cases, you can use a higher feed depending on the Chip Thinning Factor.Formula (metric/inch)z – Number of teethn – Spindle speed [RPM]fz – Feed per tooth [mm or Inch]fn – Feed per revolution [mm or Inch]Vf – Table feed [mm/min] or [inch/min]\( \large f_z= \huge \frac{V_f}{n \times z} \)
Feed per Tooth represents the load that is acting on a single cutting edge of a milling cutter (chip load). It is a good indicator to check if certain cutting conditions (Spindle speed and table feed) are reasonable for a given cutter geometry. It is calculated by dividing the table feed by the spindle speed and the number of flutes.
Depth of cut formulafor milling
The Feed per Tooth calculator will help you calculate the milling cutter Feed based on the table feed, spindle speed, and the number of flutes.n – Spindle Speedz – Number of teethFz – Feed per toothVf – Table FeedToggle mm / InchOther CalculatorsPayment options Payment options TheoryFeed per Tooth represents the load that is acting on a single cutting edge of a milling cutter (chip load). It is a good indicator to check if certain cutting conditions (Spindle speed and table feed) are reasonable for a given cutter geometry. It is calculated by dividing the table feed by the spindle speed and the number of flutes.Power Tip – fz is equal to the chip load only when on a 90° milling cutter working at a radial depth of cut that is larger than the cutter’s radius (ae>r). In other cases, you can use a higher feed depending on the Chip Thinning Factor.Formula (metric/inch)z – Number of teethn – Spindle speed [RPM]fz – Feed per tooth [mm or Inch]fn – Feed per revolution [mm or Inch]Vf – Table feed [mm/min] or [inch/min]\( \large f_z= \huge \frac{V_f}{n \times z} \)
\( \large C = 2 \times \pi \times r = \pi \times d \)\( \large V_c = n \times C \)Important Note: The Diameter (d) should be the effective diameter and not the cutter diameter. In 90° mills, both have the same value, However, on round and chamfer cutters, the effective diameter depends on the depth ofFormula in metric unitsd – [mm]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minutes)Vc – [m/min]\( \large V_c = \huge \frac{n \times \pi \times d}{1000} \)Formula in Imperial unitsd – [Inch]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [SFM] (Surface feet per minute)\( \large V_c = \huge \frac{n \times \pi \times d}{12} \)
When maximum speed of the machine spindle less than value of recommended milling conditions... ; Feed of Recommended Milling Conditions, Rate ; Vf1 mm/min, ×, α ...
Depth of cut formulalathe
Power Tip – Use our Speed and Feed Calculator to get the recommended cutting speed based on dozens of parameters!\( \large C = 2 \times \pi \times r = \pi \times d \)\( \large n= \huge \frac{V_c}{d} \)Important Note: for accurate results, you should use the Effective Diameter. In 90° mills, it is simply the cutter’s diameter, However, on round and chamfer cutters, the effective diameter depends on the depth of cut and the cutter geometry.Formula in metric unitsd – [mm]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [m/min]\( \large n = \huge \frac{1000 \times V_c}{\pi \times d} \)Formula in Imperial unitsd – [Inch]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [SFM] (Surface feet per minute)\( \large n = \huge \frac{12 \times V_c}{\pi \times d} \)
Cutting speed is the relative linear velocity between the tip of the cutting edge and the workpiece. It is a result of the product between the rotation speed of the milling cutter (Spindle speed) and its circumference.\( \large C = 2 \times \pi \times r = \pi \times d \)\( \large V_c = n \times C \)Important Note: The Diameter (d) should be the effective diameter and not the cutter diameter. In 90° mills, both have the same value, However, on round and chamfer cutters, the effective diameter depends on the depth ofFormula in metric unitsd – [mm]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minutes)Vc – [m/min]\( \large V_c = \huge \frac{n \times \pi \times d}{1000} \)Formula in Imperial unitsd – [Inch]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [SFM] (Surface feet per minute)\( \large V_c = \huge \frac{n \times \pi \times d}{12} \)
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Important Note: for accurate results, you should use the Effective Diameter. In 90° mills, it is simply the cutter’s diameter, However, on round and chamfer cutters, the effective diameter depends on the depth of cut and the cutter geometry.Formula in metric unitsd – [mm]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [m/min]\( \large n = \huge \frac{1000 \times V_c}{\pi \times d} \)Formula in Imperial unitsd – [Inch]n – [rpm] (Revolutions per minute)Vc – [SFM] (Surface feet per minute)\( \large n = \huge \frac{12 \times V_c}{\pi \times d} \)
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How to calculate the feedrate based on the feed per tooth, spindle speed and number of flutes.n – Spindle Speedz – Number of teethFz – Feed per toothVf – Table FeedToggle mm / InchOther CalculatorsPayment options Payment options TheoryMilling Feedrate (Also called Table Feed and Feed Speed), is the linear velocity of a milling cutter relative to the workpiece, measured in [mm/min] or [inch/min]. It is the actual parameter that is programmed into the machine. However, it is not a property of the cutter’s geometry, and it needs to be calculated based on the spindle speed and the number of teeth. The basic parameters that we can obtain from the tool catalog are the cutting speed and the feed per tooth (Chip load). From the cutting speed, we can calculate the spindle speed with the above calculator. after that, we can proceed with the following formulaFormula (metric/inch)z – Number of teethn – Spindle speed [RPM]fz – Feed per tooth [mm or Inch]fn – Feed per revolution [mm or Inch]Vf – Table feed [mm/min] or [inch/min]\( \large f_n = z \times f_z \)\( \large V_f= n \times f_n \)\( \normalsize \text {Or directly} \)\( \large V_f= n \times z \times f_z \ \)Power Tip – The primary parameter that yields the table feed (Vf) is the Feed per Tooth (fz). A common mistake is to use the chip load recommendation provided by the catalogs as the feed per tooth. However, this assumption is correct only when using a 90° milling cutter with a radial depth of cut that is larger than the cutter’s radius (ae>r). In other cases, you can use a much higher fz depending on the Chip Thinning Factor.
Depth of cut formuladrilling
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This page is a collection of basic milling calculators and formulas. Each topic includes an online calculator, formulas, and explanations. For easier use, you can toggle between the units (Metric/Imperial) and choose if to view everything or only the calculators (Hide the explanations and formulas)
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Formula (metric/inch)ae – Radial depth of cut [mm] or [inch]ap -Axial depth of cut [mm] or [inch]Vf – Table feed [mm/min] or [inch/min]Q – Metal Removal Rate [mm3/min] or [inch3/min]\( \large Q = V_f \times a_e \times a_p \)
z – Number of teethn – Spindle speed [RPM]fz – Feed per tooth [mm or Inch]fn – Feed per revolution [mm or Inch]Vf – Table feed [mm/min] or [inch/min]\( \large f_z= \huge \frac{V_f}{n \times z} \)