Downcuttingmeaning

Ishikawa Y (1995) Experimental study on the energy dissipation of sabo dam. Scientific and Technical Information of Soil and Water Conservation 2: 44–52.

Lenzi MA, Marion A, Comiti F (2003) Interference processes on scouring at bed sills. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 28(1): 99–110. DOI: 10.1002/esp.433

Downcuttingin geography

Fannin RJ, Rollerson TP (1993) Debris flows: some physical characteristics and behavior. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 30(1): 71–81.

Ries JB, Marzolff I (2003) Monitoring of Gully Erosion in the Central Ebro Basin by Large-scale Aerial Photography taken from a Remotely Controlled Blimp. Catena 50:309–328. DOI: 10.1016/S0341-8162(02)00133-9

Cheng Z, Zhu P, You Y (2000) An Analysis of Relationship between Sediment Delivery and Debris Flow in the Flower Reaches of Jinshajiang River. Journal of Natural Disasters 9(1): 84–87. (In Chinese with English abstract)

Kothyari UC (2001) Scour around spur dikes and bridge abutments. Journal of hydraulic research 39(4): 367–374. DOI: 10.1080/00221680109499841

Rickenmann D, Weber D, Stepanov B (2003) Erosion by debris flows in field and laboratory experiments. In: Rickenmann D (ed.) Debris-flow hazards mitigation: mechanics, prediction, and assessment; proceedings 3rd international DFHM conference, Davos, Switzerland, September, 2003. Rotterdam, Millpress. pp 883–894.

what is a v shaped valley

Coussot P, Meunier M (1996) Recognition, classification and mechanical description of debris flows. Earth-Science Reviews 40: 209–227. DOI: 10.1016/0012-8252(95)00065-8

Headward erosion

The phenomenon of debris flow is intermediate between mass movement and solid transport. Flows can be sudden, severe and destructive. Understanding debris flow erosion processes is the key to providing geomorphic explanations, but progress has been limited because the physical-mechanical properties, movement laws and erosion characteristics are different from those of sediment-laden flow. Using infinite slope theory, this research examines the process and mechanism of downcutting erosion over a moveable bed in a viscous debris flow gully. It focuses specifically on the scour depth and the critical slope for viscous debris flow, and formulas for both calculations are presented. Both scour depth and the critical conditions of downcutting erosion are related to debris flow properties (sand volume concentration and flow depth) and gully properties (longitudinal slope, viscous and internal friction angle of gully materials, and coefficient of kinetic friction). In addition, a series of flume experiments was carried out to characterize the scouring process of debris flows with different properties. The calculated values agreed well with the experimental data. These theoretical formulas are reasonable, and using infinite slope theory to analyze down cutting erosion from viscous debris flow is feasible.

Takahashi T, Nakagawa H (1994) Flood/Debris flow hydrograph due to collapse of a natural dam by overtopping. Journal of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering 12(2): 41–49.

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What isdowncuttingin a stream

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Down cutting river

Downcuttingand lateral erosion

Busnelli J, Neder LV, Sayago JM. (2006) Temporal Dynamics of Soil Erosion and Rainfall Erosivity as Geoindicators of Land Degradation in Northwestern Argentina. Quaternary International 158: 147–161. DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2006.05.019

Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu, 610041, China

Pan, Hl., Huang, Jc. & Ou, Gq. Mechanism of downcutting erosion of debris flow over a movable bed. J. Mt. Sci. 12, 243–250 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-012-2523-2

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You Y, Cheng Z (2003) Effect of Debris Flow Transportation on Bed Development in the Lower Reaches of Xiaojiang River. Journal of Catastrophology 16(2): 7–11. (In Chinese with English abstract)

Iovine G, Di Gregorio S, Lupiano V (2003) Assessing debrisflow susceptibility through cellular automata modelling: an example from the May 1998 disaster at Pizzo d’Alvano (Campania, southern Italy). In: Rickenmann D, Chen CL (eds.), Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction and Assessment. Proc. 3rd DFHM Int. Conference, Davos, Switzerland, September 10–12, 2003, Millpress Science Publishers, Rotterdam. Vol 1, pp 623–634.

Downcuttingerosion

Lien H (1995) Scouring Phenomenon of the Channel Bed below a Sabo Dam. Research of Soil and Water Conservation 2(3): 45–49. (In Chinese with English abstract)

Lenzi MA, Marion A, Comiti F, et al. (2002) Local scouring in low and high gradient streams at bed sills. Journal of Hydraulic research 40(6): 731–739. DOI: 10.1080/00221680209499919

Guo Z (2003) The Movement Characteristic of Flow and Sediment in Confluence Area when Debris Flows Joine in the Main River. Doctoral Dissertation of Si Chuan University. (In Chinese with English abstract)

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Pan H, Yang S, Ou G (2012) Experimental study on sediment transportation characteristics of debris flow gully erosion. 2012 International Conference on Civil, Architectural and Hydraulic Engineering, RSETE 2012 (IEEE), vol.2. pp 1248–1252.

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