\begin{align}\label{2}& \overline{CB} = r_0 \cdot sin(\alpha_0) = \frac{d_0}{2} \cdot \sin(\alpha_0) = \frac{m \cdot z_{min}}{2} \cdot \sin(\alpha_0)  \\[5px]\end{align}

SawStop saws offer a safety feature unique in the industry: a braking system that can reduce a potentially severe injury to just a minor cut. Within 5 milliseconds of detecting contact between your skin and the saw blade, the braking system automatically stops the blade, then retracts it under the saw’s table, and shuts off power to the saw’s motor. All of this happens quicker than the eye can see and certainly faster than anyone’s ability to respond. Should the system ever activate, the cartridge used to stop the blade and the blade itself are easy to replace, allowing you and your table saw to return to normal operation in as little as 90 seconds.

For the limiting case in which the teeth of a gear are not yet undercut, the beginning of the undercutting in point B coincides with the end of engagement in point E. As the animation below shows, this is the case for a gear with 17 teeth.

For a standard pressure angle of α0 = 20 °, a theoretical minimum number of teeth of zmin = 17 results. In practice, however, a minimum number of teeth of 14 is assumed, at which an undercut then actually has a negative effect.

In comparison to the above example, the animation below shows the meshing of the reference profile with a gear with 20 teeth. The point B at which an undercut theoretically occurs is outside the line of contact AE. The profile corner is therefore already out of mesh before it could have undercut the tooth. The teeth of the gear are therefore not undercut. An undercut will always occur if the contact point B of the base circle and the line of action lies within the line of contact AE.

The animation below shows schematically the manufacturing process of three gears with different numbers of teeth by hobbing. It can be seen that if the number of teeth is too small, the hob obviously undercuts the tooth root. This is due to the fact that in the case of small gears, the cutting edges of the hob cutter engage relatively far into the gear (in the case of the red gear, up to about half the radius). This causes the tooth to be very strongly undercut during the rotation of the gear.

While the SawStop safety system is unique and effective, these are also exceptional table saws that deliver excellent cut quality, accuracy and reliability in addition to unmatched peace of mind. Fences glide smoothly yet are rigid when locked, blade height and tilt adjustments are backlash-free, and dust collection is a priority, not an afterthought.

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Other safety features include a blade guard, a rip fence, a riving knife, anti-kickback pawls, hands-free shut-down, and the ability to disable the power switch to prevent accidental or unsupervised activation.

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The point B at which an undercut occurs generally corresponds to the point of contact between the base circle and the line of action. At this point, the flank of the reference profile coincides with the radial line of the gear. Beyond this point, the reference profile will then cross the radial line and undercut the tooth.

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The heavy-gauge steel construction of the professional T-Glide fence and rail assembly adds rigidity for negligible deflection even in heavy use. The fence has removable low-friction face plates. A choice of rails provides either a 36" or 52" rip capacity; either option includes a side table made of wood with a low-friction laminate surface.

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You select either the premium aluminum fence or the steel professional T-Glide fence, which also has two options for rail length. Both fence models are equipped with magnifying indicator lenses to help you set them to precise dimensions on either side of the blade. The fence assemblies come with steel front and rear rails and a side table made of wood with a low-friction laminate surface. You can fine tune the fence/rail clamping force, the parallel alignment to the saw miter slots, and the perpendicular alignment to the saw table.

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As the animation shows, the tooth is undercut from the point B. This corresponds to the point from which the corner of the reference profile moves over the radial line of the gear, thus undercutting the tooth. Between the beginning of undercutting in point B and the end of meshing in point E, the tooth is undercut within the green area.

The distance CB can also be determined by the pitch circle radius r0 or the pitch circle diameter d0 (see yellow triangle). The pitch circle diameter d0 results from the product of module m and (minimum) number of teeth zmin (see also the article Construction and design of involute gears):

\begin{align}&\overline{CB} = \overline{CB} \\[5px]&\frac{m}{\sin(\alpha_0)} = \frac{m \cdot z_{min}}{2} \cdot \sin(\alpha_0) \\[5px]&\boxed{z_{min} = \frac{2}{\sin^2(\alpha_0)} } \\[5px]\end{align}

Undercut occurs when the number of teeth of a gear is too small. An undercut leads to a weakening of the strength of the tooth!

Note: The radial line corresponds to the tangent to the tooth flank at the the base circle. In the case of an undercut, however, part of the involute tooth flank is cut off, leaving a small “gap” between the radial line and the actual tooth flank.

To avoid an undercut, the gear must have a minimum number of teeth. The animation below shows the reference profile of the hob as it meshes with a gear with 6 teeth. This situation can be looked at analog to the meshing of a driving rack with a gear (the basics are explained in detail in the chapter on racks). The line of action results as a tangent to the base circle and runs perpendicular to the flank of the reference profile. The meshing begins at the point of intersection A between the line of action and the tip circle of the gear and ends at the point of intersection E between the line of action and the tip line of the reference profile (the shortening of the line of contact by the undercut is not taken into account in the figure).

The theoretical minimum number of teeth above which no undercut occurs is 17 for a standard pressure angle of 20°. In practice, a minimum number of teeth of 14 is usually assumed!

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The minimum number of 17 teeth mentioned in the previous section is independent of the module (or diametral pitch) and thus applies to all tooth sizes! This will be shown mathematically in the following. For this purpose, the geometric conditions resulting in the limiting case are examined more closely, i.e. if the points B and E coincide theoretically exactly.

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Due to their size and weight, SawStop saws are available only at our retail stores. Because they can also be a challenge to transport home yourself, we offer a delivery service that is free of charge for locations within a limited radius of our stores, with additional cost if you are located outside that limit. Please contact the location nearest you for details.

The professional cabinet saw is available in 1.75hp and 3hp versions. The 1.75hp model is pre-wired for use with standard 110V AC power, but it can be adapted to use 220V AC with an optional kit (sold separately). The included blade guard has three separately hinged side panels to minimize exposure of the blade yet still allow good blade visibility. The 3hp model requires 220V AC power and is equipped with the upgraded dust collection blade guard.

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Undercut occurs when the number of teeth of a gear is too small. An undercut leads to a weakening of the strength of the tooth!

The distance between the center line and the tip line of the reference profile generally corresponds to the module m and the inclination of the flanks to the standard pressure angle α0 (see also the chapter on gear cutting). If the orange triangle shown in the figure below is considered, it can be seen that the opposite side of the standard pressure angle α0 corresponds to the module m of the gear. Thus, the following relationship applies to the distance CB.

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To ensure the safety system is in working order, the saw runs a self-diagnostic every time you turn on the main power switch. If an issue is detected, a pattern of LED lights indicates its source. A temporary bypass mode allows you to cut electrically conductive materials, such as very green wood, that can cause false activations. If you’re unsure about a particular piece of stock, you can make test cuts in bypass mode and the safety system’s LEDs will tell you if the material would cause it to trigger when in normal mode.

An undercut not only weakens the respective tooth but also shortens the line of contact. The undercut cuts off part of the involute tooth flank. The tooth flanks thus lose contact with each other (already at point E) well before the actual end of engagement (point E’). The enlarged figure shows that the flank contact after point E is already no longer present. The line of action is shortened accordingly.

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SawStop's selection of 10" cabinet saws starts with the professional cabinet saw. Weighing about 320 lb on its own, or about 90 lb more than the contractor saw, its additional mass offers improved vibration dampening – a key factor in cut quality. Blade height adjustment is through a vertical gas-assisted rack-and-pinion system that is exceptionally smooth and precise. The weight balance of the motor-trunnion assembly offers similarly smooth and finely-tuned blade tilt settings. Together, this design maintains a tight tolerance on the alignment between blade and miter slot at all blade heights and tilt angles, enhancing cut quality. V-ribbed drive belts and heavy-duty motor mounts also help keep vibration to a minimum.

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An undercut during gear cutting occurs not only with hobbing but with shaping or planing as well. Although an undercut could be avoided by other manufacturing processes such as form cutting or broaching, the undercut is also absolutely necessary for functional reasons. If an undercut were not present with small gears, the teeth would interfere! As the animation below shows, the teeth of the red gear must be undercut by the teeth of the green gear for meshing.

In fact, however, it is also possible to produce gears below the minimum number of 17 teeth, without an undercut! For this, the manufacturing process must be specially adapted with a so-called profile shift. Such profile shifted gears will be discussed in more detail in the next article.