A comprehensive study is provided for the effect of a ferrite-pearlite microstructure with a pearlite content from 0 to 100% on the main operating properties of structural steel, including fracture toughness and ductility, brittle failure resistance, and crack resistance. It is found that an increase in carbon content is accompanied by rapid ferrite grain refinement. It is confirmed that an increase in pearlite content in a microstructure, especially above 20% has a marked, but not always favorable effect on all steel deformation and failure characteristics.

Bainitemicrostructure

U. Brown and J. Srawley, Testing of High-Strength Metal Materials for Fracture Toughness with Plain Strain [Russian translation], Mir, Moscow (1972).

L. I. Efron, Yu. D. Morozov, and E. A. Goli-Oglu, “Effect of cold rolling regimes on structure refinement and set of mechanical properties for low-carbon microalloyed steels,” Stal, No. 5, 67–72 (2011).

Determine the spindle speed (RPM) and feed rate (IPM) for a milling operation, as well as the cut time for a given cut length. Milling operations remove material by feeding a workpiece into a rotating cutting tool with sharp teeth, such as an end mill or face mill. Calculations use the desired tool diameter, number of teeth, cutting speed, and cutting feed, which should be chosen based on the specific cutting conditions, including the workpiece material and tool material. Learn more about Milling.

Ferrite andpearlite microstructure

V. N. Tridnev, V. G. Gavrilyuk, and Yu. Ya. Meshkov, Strength and Ductility of Cold-Worked Steel [in Russian], Naukova Dumka, Kiev (1974).

L. I. Efron, Yu. D. Morozov, and E. A. Goli-Oglu, “Effect of controlled rolling regime on the structure and properties of microalloyed steels for large diameter pipes,” Metallurg, No. 1, 69–74 (2011).

Gladshtein, L.I., Larionova, N.P. & Belyaev, B.F. Effect of ferrite-pearlite microstructure on structural steel properties. Metallurgist 56, 579–590 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-012-9619-3