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Disclaimer: This data and information shown should only be used for comparison purposes. It should not in any way be used for design purposes as actual properties will vary based on many factors including, but not limited, to material variation, loading conditions, environment exposure and others.  The end user is ultimately responsible for ensuring the use of our products and/or information is safe for their application. Clearwater Composites, LLC strongly urges users of our products and/or information to seek suitable engineering guidance, including but NOT limited to determining an appropriate factor of safety, when using our products and/or information for any application.

Carbon fiberdensity

In addition to being directionally dependent (anisotropic), there are many other factors in determining the properties of carbon fiber. Some of the key factors are:

Note: Properties of carbon fiber composites are dependent on the direction and the properties shown above are ONLY valid for one direction, typically referred to as the longitudinal direction.

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Carbon fibermechanical properties

The delamination behavior of a carbon fiber/poly(etheretherketone) composite has been examined using a variety of techniques. The material used was aromatic polymer composite, APC-2. Interlaminar fracture toughness was measured using double cantilever beam and edge delamination tests. The extent and nature of damage caused by single and repeated low energy impacts was assessed using both low velocity and ballistic rates. Compressive failure properties after low energy impact were examined using a damage tolerance test. Growth of delaminations under compressive loading was investigated by moiré fringe and ultrasonic C-scan techniques. APC-2 has high interlaminar fracture toughness, even when unstable fracture occurs. There is high resistance to delamination under impact, including ballistic and repeated impacts. Compressive failure deformation falls gradually with increasing impact energy reaching a minimum value of 0.55% even when complete penetration of the specimen had occurred. There is a relationship between damage area and compressive failure deformation which includes ballistic and repeated impacts. Delaminations do not grow under compressive loading even at deformations in excess of 0.60%. The resistance to initiation and propagation of delaminations is due to the high interlaminar fracture toughness of APC-2.

Carbon fibermechanical properties Table

How iscarbon fibermade

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Nevertheless, the table below is shown for comparison purposes to help the end-user get a better understanding of the properties of the more common laminate designs of carbon fiber products sold by Clearwater Composites. The properties of other common materials, like steel and aluminum, are also shown for comparison purposes.

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Carbon fiber characteristicsand applications

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carbonfibre tensile strength (mpa)

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Carbonfibre uses

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Because there are literally thousands and thousands of options when it comes to carbon fiber, it is impossible to list and explain all of the potential properties of carbon fiber.

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All of the factors above, or design options, are a unique advantage of carbon fiber and advanced composite materials.  A part using carbon fiber can be tailored and designed for a specific application.  The fiber type, fiber amount, fiber orientation, etc can all be changed to achieve certain properties, whether for mechanical reasons (strength, stiffness) or for other reasons, such as low CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion).  Metals and other materials do not have this tailor ability.  For example, on a metal part, the only thing that can be changed is the grade or alloy of metal and it’s thickness or shape.  That’s it.

When selecting a carbon fiber product or designing with carbon fiber, one of the most important considerations is knowing the direction of the property of interest. Unlike metals, carbon fiber, and composites in general, are called anisotropic materials. This means the properties of the material are directionally dependent. For an easy analogy, think of a piece of wood. The strength of wood is dependent on the orientation of the grain.  This is true with carbon fiber – the strength of the carbon fiber is dependent on the orientation of the fiber (grain). On the other hand, metals, plastics, and most common materials have the same properties in every direction. They are called isotropic materials.

Carbon fiber characteristicsand uses

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Clearwater Composites is an expert at carbon fiber and composite materials. We understand the materials down the fiber level and we know how best to tailor the carbon fiber design to achieve your needs. And, it is our intent to educate our customers, and the community at large, as best possible, as we strongly believe that the more engineers, designers, students, hobbyists and the public-at-large learn and understand about carbon fiber, the more widespread it’s use will become.

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To new users of carbon fiber, understanding the properties of carbon fiber is often challenging. To some, it is a mysterious material. This is why we are here.