Omni's speeds and feeds calculator helps you set the correct rotation speed and feed rate of your machine tool. It supports all of the following machine tool operations:

Use the preset mode to select from a range of tool and workpiece materials. Use custom mode if you know the surface speeds and chip loads.

The "speeds" part of the speeds and feeds calculator is the rotation speed of either the tool (e.g., for drilling) or the workpiece (e.g., for turning on a lathe). For a given tool and workpiece material, there is a range of recommended cutting or surface speeds between the two materials. Given the surface speed, you can calculate the spindle speed in revolutions per minute (RPM) using the following equation (when using imperial units):

With the calculator mode set to manual mode, you need to enter the minimum and maximum surface speeds and chip loads. The specification sheet for the tool you are using may contain this data. Here's what you should do:

Feeds and speeds chart

Ideally, you would also calculate the minimum and maximum speeds and feeds, so let's see how our calculator can work out everything for you in super-quick time.

HSS End mill Speeds and Feeds Chart

If you are not sure how many teeth your tool has, look at it end-on and count how many sharp cutting edges there are around the circumference of the tool.

The calculator will produce a recommended range of feed rates. Generally, it would be best if you started at the lower feed rate and slowly increase it from there. For an operation such as milling, the slower the feed rate (and cutting speed), the smoother the finish on the workpiece will be.

That feature alone puts the AutoAngle in a class of its own, but we didn’t stop there. We built in a versatile fence and stop system that makes it a snap to position the AutoAngle at fixed distances from a square corner. The guide rods are extendable and work with both the fence and the flip stops. You can add extra flip stops to drill a series of holes all the same distance from the edge of the material.

Milling speeds and feeds chart pdf

The AutoAngle base makes it so simple to put your hole right where you want it. Align the machined reference points in the base to layout lines on your stock and you’re on target. In fact, you only need three of the four marks to drill perfectly located holes. The chuck base slides off the guide rods easily for a clear view when you need to make a critical set up. There’s ample room to add a clamp or two when needed, but the non-skid surface on the base handles the job in all but the trickiest situations.

You will then see results for the range of speeds you should use. For the best outcome, start at the minimum speed and gradually increase it to the average figure. If you want a quick, but rough finish, carry on up to the maximum speed.

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In preset mode, you can select the operation, tool material, size and number of teeth, and the workpiece material. The calculator contains a range of recommended cutting speeds for different materials, allowing it to calculate the rotation speeds. It also has the corresponding chip load data to calculate the feed rates.

We’ve also included a pair of buttons that store on the base. Move them to the bottom of the base and place one on each side of your material to drill at the exact center of your stock. Or, align the vee-blocks to each other and use them to align the AutoAngle on round stock.

Milling speeds and feeds Chart

In manual mode, you can set the cutting speed (usually in surface feet per minute – sfm), and it will output the rotation speed in rotations per minute (rpm), therefore converting sfm to rpm. You can also set custom chip loads to calculate the feed rates. Let's look at each mode in detail next.

Let's go through an example of how to calculate speeds and feeds manually, using the speeds and feeds formulas discussed above. Your tool is half an inch in diameter and made of high-speed steel, and you are end-milling a block of aluminum. Looking up the average surface speed between the cutting tool and the aluminum, you find it to be 600 feet/min. Using the imperial speeds formula, you would perform the calculation:

The protractor of the AutoAngle works differently than most others on the market. While most designs rotate their angle from a pivot somewhere above the surface of the material, the AutoAngle has a “virtual” pivot point that is exactly on the surface of the material. This means the point of your drill bit enters the material at exactly the same point, regardless of drilling angle. Which, in turn, means you can locate your hole by aligning the index marks on the base of the AutoAngle to crosshairs on your material, even when you’re drilling at an angle.

There are several challenges when drilling angled holes. First is getting the angle correct, next is getting the direction of angle correct, and perhaps most important, you have to get the entry point correct. It’s tough enough doing it on a drill press, but when you have to do it in the field or on a large workpiece, the challenges get…more challenging. Woodpeckers new AutoAngle Drill Guide marries the best features of our AutoLine Drill Guide to a clever protractor base that makes it amazingly simple to set up your drilling angle and hole location.  If you can layout a crosshair on your material, you can put a hole through that crosshair at any angle you choose from straight up and down to a 40° angle.

Analyzing the equation, you might notice that π×D\pi \times Dπ×D is the formula for circumference of a circle. So we're dividing the speed at the circumference by the distance traveled during one rotation to get the number of rotations per minute.

Aluminum milling speed chart

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Finally, it supports the turning operation where the cutting tool is stationary, and the workpiece rotates. This configuration is the essential operation of a lathe machine, which is used to create symmetric circular manufactured items.

The term "feeds" refers to the feed rate or the relative linear speed between the tool and the workpiece. For example, for drilling, it is the speed at which the drill bit travels down into the workpiece material. The equation for the feed rate is:

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The Basic AutoAngle includes the fence, a pair of 6-1/2" guide rods and a short multi-knob for close quarters work. The Deluxe AutoAngle adds six 11" guide rods and two flip stops.

So it's a reamer speed and feeds, milling speeds and feeds, and drill feeds and speeds calculator (plus more) all rolled into one.

The chip load depends on the characteristics of the tool and the workpiece material. For example, a tool drilling a hole into a soft workpiece material will have a higher chip load than a harder workpiece material.

Next, enter the number of teeth the tool has to get the range of feed rates to use. The feed rates shown are for the average rotation speed. To calculate the feed rates at a different speed, enter the RPM into the custom rotation speed field. Similar to rotation speed, the slower the feed rate, the smoother the finish of the operation will be.

Carbide end MillRPMchart

Like all Woodpeckers products, the AutoAngle Drill Guide is precisely machined and carefully inspected at our Strongsville, Ohio facility in the Cleveland suburbs.

Continue reading to learn about machine tool operations and the two principal speeds and feeds formulas that power this calculator.

If you are using the metric system and have the surface speed VVV in meters per second and the diameter DDD in millimeters, the equation is:

The protractor is locked in place by two large, comfortable hand-grips. They make it simple to lock the base and give you a safe, secure place to hold the AutoAngle. If you have to work tight in a corner, we’ve included a multi-knob to replace one of the handles.

Next, let's calculate the average feed rate at 4584 RPM4584\ \mathrm{RPM}4584 RPM, given that your tool has two teeth, and it has an average chip load when milling aluminum, which is 0.0040.0040.004 inches:

All machine tool operations consist of a cutting tool (e.g., a drill bit) and the workpiece that is being machined to make something. So, if you're drilling a hole in a piece of wood, then the wood is the workpiece.

Are you planning a general home renovation? Go ahead and check our stair calculator and the decking calculator – they may come in handy!