However, harder isn’t always better in metal components. If a part is subjected to too much work hardening, it can decrease the material’s ductility to the point where the part is brittle and prone to cracking or failure. Carby engineers understand the changes metal undergoes during the work hardening process and can help balance the strength and hardness required for the application with the ductility to prevent cracking in the final product.

Workhardening process

When designing a metal component that needs to be deep drawn, Carby engineers will consider whether the part requires work hardening. Work hardening is a process in deep drawing where a metal becomes stronger and harder due to the permanent change in the shape or size of the material when it is subjected to mechanical stresses during forming, bending, or cutting operations. Work hardening can be beneficial if the application for the component requires durability and resistance to scratching, denting, and wear. Metals, such as steel, are often work-hardened to a specific level depending on their intended application.

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Strain hardening

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Whether work hardening is an advantage or disadvantage in deep drawing depends on the specific requirements of the part being produced. If increased strength and a harder surface are desired outcomes, work hardening can be beneficial. However, if the part needs to undergo further processing or requires high ductility, work hardening might not be appropriate. Instead, the part may need annealing to achieve desired hardness. Engaging the Carby engineering team in early development of a deep drawn metal forming project and clearly defining the final application will drive the most cost-effective production process.

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What causesworkhardening

Workhardening examples

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It is important to understand how work hardening during the deep drawing process may impact secondary operations to avoid unintended setbacks like production delays and added costs. If the customer requires additional operations once the product is deep drawn, the increased hardening may make the material more difficult to work with and even result in fracturing. Excessive hardening during the deep drawn metal forming process can also accelerate the wear on the stamping dies and punches, leading to incremental production costs and downtime. This must be accounted for in the product design process.

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