SX7 - Roughing (no scale) to semi-finishing heat resistant ... - roughing insert milling

2024-11-07 16:26:39

Opening up the question in a wider sense would anybody only run their mill at a single speed irrespective of cutter size or material? Across my three mills I've run cutters from 30 rpm to 24000rpm.

On my old lathe I do adjust the belt to get different speeds, low speed when turning large diameter jobs since I get more torque and high speed when turning small diameter jobs or brass/alloy to get the job done a bit more quickly.

I hope I didn't sound too frivolous. I have a continuous unlimited free supply of brass to practice on and I keep sharpening HSS till I get the mirror finish I'm looking for. It can take me quite a while of trial and error and even small changes in the cutting tool for me make a big difference. I have to go through this process every time, then for a long time a diamond hone is sufficient.

Processed materialsmeaning

A film is usually characterized as a thin synthetic resin layer. There are many types of films and their use depends on their physical and chemical properties, which make them especially suitable for a given application. The most commonly used plastic films are low density polyethylene (LDPE), Polypropylene (PP), bioriented polypropylene (BOPP), and polyester (PET). Printed film is used for packaging, display materials, stickers, seals, and a wide range of other graphic applications. Films are generally characterized by their basis weight, expressed in g/m²; and thickness, expressed in microns. For some films it is also useful to know their density, expressed in g/cm3. The increasing awareness of environmental issues is intensifying research into film substrates derived from renewable sources that are compostable.

A look at this thread may be instructive, certainly for carbide inserts the surface speed can be critical depending upon the material ("sticky" steels are among the worst):

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1000 rpm for a 10mm drill, 2500 rpm for a 4mm drill, 5000 rpm for a 2mm drill, 10000 rpm for a 1mm drill, 20000 rpm for a 0.5mm drill

Incidentally when I am turning, I listen to the cutting as well as watching it, especially if I'm brushing on a lot of coolant that obscure the revolving cut surface. it's highly subjective, but I find if the cutting starts to sound a bit harsh, it may mean I am forcing it a bit and tearing the material, or the edge of the tool has begun to dull. Or both.

I often alter the cutting speed while turning or milling if I consider it is not optimum. It can change an acceptable finish to a much better one or help with chip breakage.

Types of material processing

The crossover point between paper and board is normally considered to be around 160 grams per square meter (gsm), as it is only at this level that a fibrous material is likely to be stiff and rigid enough to make a container.

While surface speed may, or may not, be important, there are also considerations based on work size, as mentioned. The smallest drill I've used on my lathe is 1/32", can remember what spindle speed but probably 1700rpm. On the other hand turning a 16" flywheel would be pretty exciting at, say, 420 rpm:

Processed materialsvs naturalmaterials

Why do so many lathes (like mine) have speed dials that go up to 2000 RPM or 3000 RPM ? When would you ever use such high speeds ?

Jim has found a sweet spot that matches his lathe and circumstances. If I could only have one speed on a lathe, 420 is roughly in the middle, and I could screwthreads with a hand-crank.

Liner board is a paper product made up of layers of chemically and/or mechanically processed wood pulp along with added coatings.

The belt set at 420rpm for me makes the lathe sound really nice and its all working at a pleasant speed for me and the finish on whatever I'm turning is great.

Simply put, manufacturers cater for the widest range of users with any single model, so it is obvious for them to provide as wide a speed range as practicable. Old lathes, with plain bearings, were limited in rotational speed to around 1100rpm (without copious lubrication) whereas spindles with modern bearings can rotate safely at up to several thousands of rpm.

I use HSS and carbide insert tooling, turn steel, brass, copper, cast iron, aluminium, plastic and get a mirror finish on all materials.

Me too Andrew! I have only been doing this metal bashing lark for 45 years and I still can't get a mirror finish on everything I make. I must be using the wrong tooling or not grinding it proper.

inserts and Solid Bars. Insert designation System. B106. Cut-Sfeed. B108 t-Clamp. B109. faCe-RuSH. B123 t-GROOVe. B124. tOp-mICRO designation System.

Liner board is a paper product made up of layers of chemically and/or mechanically processed wood pulp along with added coatings. Similar to carton board, paperboard, cardboard, kraft board, and solid board, the product is used extensively in the packaging industry. Liner board is generally found in grammages from 120 g/m2 to 800 g/m2. Some liner boards use solely virgin wood pulp, while others include recycled paper fibers. Liner board may be bleached or unbleached depending on the application.

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….after 7 years you should be ready to try screwcutting which will bring you a whole now feeling of accomplishment….. but probably best to start with a mandrel handle and take it even slower than 420rpm.

I've fitted 3-phase conversions to the Myford 7, Harrison L5 and BCA jig-borer, will be fitting one to the Myford VMC Mill; but these systems want the motor to run fast so even on the lowest pulley or back-gear sometimes the ML7's speed dial is verging on the yellow.

Forgive me if this appears cynical, but I think the simple truth is that it is easier and cheaper to build them that way.

To manufacture carton board, fibrous material, either from trees, recycled paper, or a mixture of the two, is turned into pulp. It is then bleached and processed in a board making machine to create a board consisting of one or more layers, which may optionally be coated to provide a better surface and/or improved visual appearance.

The problem is greater on conventional machine like my Meddings bench-drill if I want to use something like a hole-saw, or even its largest twist-drill (1/2" in steel. The answer there is an old, very care-worn Progress 2G drilling-machine, dedicated to slow-speed work, but I've to find room for it yet. At the rate I'm going the workshop won't have room for me to do any work in!

Because of its exceptional barrier properties, aluminum foil is used across a wide range of flexible and other packaging applications to protect foods, drugs, cosmetics, and a lengthy list of other items, most often in combination with other packaging materials.

Machinists, Inc. provides metal fabrication, welding, CNC Machining, finishing, and assembly services. The Company offers tooling, integrated systems, ...

I was taught the (SFM x 4)/Dia (Imperial inches) formula back in the 70s – the instructors made clear that it's a coarse approximation and there's a lot of tolerance on the SFM, depending on many cutting conditions.

Processed materialsfor kids

I use HSS and carbide insert tooling, turn steel, brass, copper, cast iron, aluminium, plastic and get a mirror finish on all materials.

60 years ago, most pistol drills were single speed. Then two speed options became available, then variable speed, and later, battery powered. How many would go out and buy a single speed drill these days? Analogous to lathes and mills, methinks!

One thing I can't use to get a good finish is Chinese eBay HSS, I've spent hours upon hours trying to get the same finish from Chinese HSS that I get with good quality brand name HSS.

Good grief, I've obviously still got a lot to learn then. First thing is to stop fiddling with the spindle speed knobs.

So besides a slower auto longitudinal feed rate what am I missing out on by not adjusting belts for different speeds all the time?

My lathe's slow range is 30 to 450rpm, so I could copy Jim almost exactly. However I actually spend most time in the high-range 150-2500rpm, with most work being done around 1000rpm +- 500rpm. Not unusual for me to exploit the full range available either, 30-100 rpm threading, and 2500rpm at full power – 1500W – for getting carbide in the zone (just about).

The most commonly used plastic films are low density polyethylene (LDPE), Polypropylene (PP), bioriented polypropylene (BOPP), and polyester (PET).

Good grief, I've obviously still got a lot to learn then. First thing is to stop fiddling with the spindle speed knobs.

The SFM guides are generally drawn from trade practice yes, but they also tend to assume large, very rigid machines many of us don't have. They can be useful guides, but I regard them as maxima more than optima.

what are the three steps of material processing?

In combination with other materials, or used alone, non wovens are used to create a wide range of consumer and industrial products with diverse properties, including:- absorbent hygiene products; apparel; home furnishings; healthcare and surgical fabrics; construction, filtration, and engineering materials; and wipes.

Unfortunately, 420rpm isn't a universal answer! Too much depends on the machine, rate of work required, finish, materials, diameters, HSS, carbide, coolants, and what you're doing – drilling, boring, parting-off, turning, delicate work, trepanning etc, etc. A wide range of speeds can be very helpful.

For ordinary workshop use I guess most of us work below optimum speed and it doesn't matter. The best speed is the one that suits you! Pays to experiment because there isn't a simple answer – it's a compromise between the capability of the machine and its operator, the tool he's cutting with, and the size and type of material being cut. In my workshop, the size and type of material varies almost continually as I work through a build. Loads of variation compared with most commercial work. As there's rarely a formal specification, quite often I can't be bothered to change belt speed, or select the perfect cutting tool. When it matters I take much more care, including whacking up the rpm.

Cartonboard is primarily used in the packaging industry to produce all types of folding cartons, but may also be used for graphics applications. For folding cartons the board used will normally be in the range 200 to 600gsm, or 350 to 800 microns.

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I used it for my years on the shop floor, and it did mean that on the Myford Speed 10 I used to have, for the sizes of work I tended to do, the lathe was set on the 400-odd RPM pulley most of the time on steel, and the 800-odd on brass and ali.

As and when I get my standard Pultra instrument lathe running the top speed will be 6000 rpm; the special high speed version went to 10000 rpm.

Resources · Full Product Catalog Machining Advisor Pro Speeds & Feeds Charts ... (Speed) IPT - Inches Per Tooth (Chip Load) IPR - Inches Per Revolution, IPM ...

Paper is a fibre-based material produced from wood, rags or organic material. The types of paper used in the packaging and graphic arts industries typically use wood and/or recycled paper and board, which is then chemically or mechanically processed to produce cellulose pulp. This pulp is bleached and processed in a paper making machine to produce reels of paper which may optionally be coated or finished to provide a better surface and/or improved visual appearance. Paper may be between 0.07 mm and 0.18 mm thick, with paper for printing and packaging applications generally being in a range between 60 and 120 gsm. The crossover point between paper and board is normally considered to be around 160 grams per square meter (gsm), as it is only at this level that a fibrous material is likely to be stiff and rigid enough to make a container. Paper has a wide range of industrial applications including use for the packaging of products as diverse as confectionery and cigarettes, as a component in packaging laminates, and for many commercial print uses.

So to rough out a small diameter component I could be turning a 3x and feeding at 4x which means the job takes 12th the time it would take you.

Some liner boards use solely virgin wood pulp, while others include recycled paper fibers. Liner board may be bleached or unbleached depending on the application.

The increasing awareness of environmental issues is intensifying research into film substrates derived from renewable sources that are compostable.

Paper may be between 0.07 mm and 0.18 mm thick, with paper for printing and packaging applications generally being in a range between 60 and 120 gsm. The crossover point between paper and board is normally considered to be around 160 grams per square meter (gsm), as it is only at this level that a fibrous material is likely to be stiff and rigid enough to make a container.

Why do so many lathes (like mine) have speed dials that go up to 2000 RPM or 3000 RPM ? When would you ever use such high speeds ?

The specialty coating market can be best described as both segmented and specialized. With 60 years of experience in this industry, BOBST is uniquely placed to handle projects that demand a high level of customization. BOBST's coating product line has specialist engineering know-how and understanding covering the wide range of process technologies involved, making it perfectly placed to supply users with equipment featuring the highest and most consistent performance.

Just last week I was turning some 4140 steel, at over 2,000 rpm on my mini lathe. Yes it was quite vivid, and very exciting. The swarf was coming off blue and smoking. This morning I was turning some 6061T6 Al. Alloy, at about 2,500 rpm.

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Cutting speeds are rated for production work and they aren't the law. Still useful though, especially differences between slow materials like cast-iron, steel in the middle and aluminium/brass generally faster. Also interesting to experiment with feed-rates and depth of cut. The finest feeds don't necessarily produce the best finish, and deep cuts can be a jolly good thing too.

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I run my lathe always on the pulleys that give me a speed of 420rpm and have the gears setup to give me the slowest auto longitudinal feed (very rarely do I thread on the lathe) and whether I'm turning down brass rod to 3mm to make a bolt or turning a 6" cast iron flywheel.

Similar to carton board, paperboard, cardboard, kraft board, and solid board, the product is used extensively in the packaging industry.

Why do so many lathes (like mine) have speed dials that go up to 2000 RPM or 3000 RPM ? When would you ever use such high speeds ?

Non woven textiles are unique, high-tech, engineered fabrics made from fibers. In combination with other materials, or used alone, non wovens are used to create a wide range of consumer and industrial products with diverse properties, including:- absorbent hygiene products; apparel; home furnishings; healthcare and surgical fabrics; construction, filtration, and engineering materials; and wipes.

You say you run at 420rpm and the use the finest feed. Now I have 3 easily selected feeds for any gear train that I am running and that usually does for me, one is twice as fast as the finest and the other twice that so I can feed at 4 times the fine rate. I mostly keep my variable speed machine in the lower of the two speed ranges so can get from around 65 to 1150rpm which is not far from 3 times as fast as your "fixed" speed.

Why do so many lathes (like mine) have speed dials that go up to 2000 RPM or 3000 RPM ? When would you ever use such high speeds ?

Material processing PDF

Les chenery aeronca Armortek series 1 landrover kit Co-ordinate positioning for circle of holes (not all equally spaced) Motorcycle General Discussion BLACKMAIL Brass to resin glue? I feel like an outcast! Bronze A couple of ‘soon to be available in the UK’ lathes that look interesting FreeCAD version 1.0 released

A laminate is a material that can be constructed by bringing two or more layers of material together. This can include different material combinations from a wide spectrum of flexible substrates including thin aluminum foil, film, and paper. These materials have different physical properties and varying thicknesses that combine to provide the required barrier performance. Converted single- or multi-layer webs are used in a number of industries, from the packaging of food and non food products to industrial applications including the photovoltaic industry.

If you obtain good results with what your are using and doing, stick with that; but there's no harm in upping the speed for small diameters and for drilling small-diameter holes; in free-cutting materials. Use lubricant where appropriate though.

I have to say, that now I've got infinitely variable speed, I go very much by 'that sounds about right' and don't always even know my rpm rate!

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Personally I don't worry about speeds too much. I just take a cut and kinda use my instincts to get a feel for how it's cutting and adjust accordingly. The sound and heat generated are a good indicator too. I can usually get a good finish on most materials.

Model Engineer and Model Engineers' Workshop are leading magazines for modellers, with reputations for bringing you the best tips, tricks, and inspiration from the model engineering world. From miniature steam locomotives to clocks and tools, get the most out of your hobby with Model Engineer and Model Engineer's Workshop.

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Are SFM guides (which are over my head) just to increase hourly part production in a manufacturing setting and not aimed at the hobbyist?

Films are generally characterized by their basis weight, expressed in g/m²; and thickness, expressed in microns. For some films it is also useful to know their density, expressed in g/cm3.

Mostly optimum cutting speed will give you a good finish in reasonable time without unreasonable tool wear. Go too fast and HSS tools wear quickly. Go too slow and materials tend to tear rather than cut, giving rough finish.

One of the problems with descriptions like "mirror" or "good" finish is that they are subjective and determined by a standard deemed acceptable by the user, which may be different to somebody else. To me a mirror finish means you should get a perfect reflection from the work surface, just like looking into the bathroom mirror.

When it's the Denbigh horizontal mill's turn for returning to service, that will have a conventional single-phase motor but large reduction, possibly by gears as well as belts. (I bought it with a ramshackle confection of motor, old car gear-box and improvised chain-drive on an angle-iron tower straddling the mill itself.)

Carbide works moderately well at ordinary HSS speeds, but it really comes into it's own worked about 5 times faster and harder than HSS can cope with. Lots of power, high rpm, high-feeds, and deep cuts. Modern CNC machine tools often run at high-speed – up to 20,000rpm or more.

If you are happy with your results, stick with it! If you start tinkering, you may well improve matters by running tools at their optimum speed, but you might finish up getting worse results or even damaging the tool.

My machine isn't perfect for all situations! I'd really like a lathe that could go faster with more power. Never mind, it does all I need and I expect Jim's does too.

Have you ever tried to drill very small holes at 450rpm into steel? Say, 1mm or less! I believe lace bobbin makers often turn at those speeds (even though materials may not be metal).

Home › Forums › Manual machine tools › Lathe Speed – What am I missing out on? This topic has 38 replies, 23 voices, and was last updated 16 August 2019 at 11:45 by Del Greco. Viewing 25 posts - 1 through 25 (of 39 total) 1 2 → Author Posts 17 June 2019 at 23:24 #414758 Blue HeelerParticipant @blueheeler G'day all, I run my lathe always on the pulleys that give me a speed of 420rpm and have the gears setup to give me the slowest auto longitudinal feed (very rarely do I thread on the lathe) and whether I'm turning down brass rod to 3mm to make a bolt or turning a 6" cast iron flywheel. I use HSS and carbide insert tooling, turn steel, brass, copper, cast iron, aluminium, plastic and get a mirror finish on all materials. So besides a slower auto longitudinal feed rate what am I missing out on by not adjusting belts for different speeds all the time? Are SFM guides (which are over my head) just to increase hourly part production in a manufacturing setting and not aimed at the hobbyist? Cheers, Jim Advert 17 June 2019 at 23:24 #13563 Blue HeelerParticipant @blueheeler 17 June 2019 at 23:35 #414761 JAParticipant @ja Jim From what I read not very much. I, and I mean I, would drop the speed for cast iron. JA 18 June 2019 at 04:22 #414768 HopperParticipant @hopper 420 rpm is the correct speed to turn 1" diameter mild steel with HSS tooling. But it is also the speed for larger diameter steel if you use carbide tooling. Cutting brass or ally at slower rpm than recommended does no harm. Just takes longer. Mostly optimum cutting speed will give you a good finish in reasonable time without unreasonable tool wear. Go too fast and HSS tools wear quickly. Go too slow and materials tend to tear rather than cut, giving rough finish. Rule of thumb for turning mild steel with HSS tooling is 400 divided by the job diameter in inches. So 400rpm for 1" diameter, 100rpm for 4" diameter, 800rpm for 1/2" diameter and so forth. Double these speeds for carbide tooling. Double these speeds if turning ally or brass with HSS Halve these speeds for cast iron or alloy steel, tool steel, high tensile bolt material etc etc. But it's all a guide. Whatever works for you, with your toolbits, on your lathe. Edited By Hopper on 18/06/2019 04:22:52 18 June 2019 at 05:17 #414770 Thor ??Participant @thor Hi Jim, On my old lathe I do adjust the belt to get different speeds, low speed when turning large diameter jobs since I get more torque and high speed when turning small diameter jobs or brass/alloy to get the job done a bit more quickly. Thor 18 June 2019 at 05:42 #414771 Blue HeelerParticipant @blueheeler Appreciate the replies guys. The belt set at 420rpm for me makes the lathe sound really nice and its all working at a pleasant speed for me and the finish on whatever I'm turning is great. I think now I'm just so used to it after nearly 7 years of having this lathe (I must point out a very pertinent fact that I'm in mid 50's and before this lathe was delivered off the back of the delivery truck, I had never even touched a lathe before) when I have changed the speeds to polish something it sounds and feels like a totally different beast and when I go back to 420rpm…..all feels good and normal again. Thanks again for putting up with my newbie questions, I will be a newbie for life when it comes to my lathe and mill, but love every single second I'm on them making or repairing something for my steam engine hobby. Cheers, Jim 18 June 2019 at 17:58 #414900 Howard LewisParticipant @howardlewis46836 If it ain't broke, don't fix it! If you are happy with your results, stick with it! If you start tinkering, you may well improve matters by running tools at their optimum speed, but you might finish up getting worse results or even damaging the tool. You may well learn a lot, or get a lot of self inflicted grief. You are a hobbyist, not on piecework, earning your living, so take the easy way out.. By all means play tunes, but be prepared for some disappointments, from time to time. Howard 18 June 2019 at 18:06 #414903 BazyleParticipant @bazyle ….after 7 years you should be ready to try screwcutting which will bring you a whole now feeling of accomplishment….. but probably best to start with a mandrel handle and take it even slower than 420rpm. 18 June 2019 at 18:07 #414904 not done it yetParticipant @notdoneityet I often alter the cutting speed while turning or milling if I consider it is not optimum. It can change an acceptable finish to a much better one or help with chip breakage. 60 years ago, most pistol drills were single speed. Then two speed options became available, then variable speed, and later, battery powered. How many would go out and buy a single speed drill these days? Analogous to lathes and mills, methinks! 18 June 2019 at 19:10 #414914 SillyOldDufferModerator @sillyoldduffer Jim has found a sweet spot that matches his lathe and circumstances. If I could only have one speed on a lathe, 420 is roughly in the middle, and I could screwthreads with a hand-crank. Unfortunately, 420rpm isn't a universal answer! Too much depends on the machine, rate of work required, finish, materials, diameters, HSS, carbide, coolants, and what you're doing – drilling, boring, parting-off, turning, delicate work, trepanning etc, etc. A wide range of speeds can be very helpful. My lathe's slow range is 30 to 450rpm, so I could copy Jim almost exactly. However I actually spend most time in the high-range 150-2500rpm, with most work being done around 1000rpm +- 500rpm. Not unusual for me to exploit the full range available either, 30-100 rpm threading, and 2500rpm at full power – 1500W – for getting carbide in the zone (just about). Cutting speeds are rated for production work and they aren't the law. Still useful though, especially differences between slow materials like cast-iron, steel in the middle and aluminium/brass generally faster. Also interesting to experiment with feed-rates and depth of cut. The finest feeds don't necessarily produce the best finish, and deep cuts can be a jolly good thing too. My machine isn't perfect for all situations! I'd really like a lathe that could go faster with more power. Never mind, it does all I need and I expect Jim's does too. Dave

For a mirror to act as a mirror, ie, mostly specular reflection, the surface finish must be significantly smaller than the wavelength of light. That implies a surface roughness of around 0.1 to 0.2µm. I get about ten times that when turning, which is roughly in line with the range of surface roughness expected, according to Machinery's Handbook. I don't even get a mirror finish on my cylindrical grinder. Better than turning, but not mirror according to my definition.

I use HSS and carbide insert tooling, turn steel, brass, copper, cast iron, aluminium, plastic and get a mirror finish on all materials.

Processed materialsexamples

Why do so many lathes (like mine) have speed dials that go up to 2000 RPM or 3000 RPM ? When would you ever use such high speeds ?

Rule of thumb for turning mild steel with HSS tooling is 400 divided by the job diameter in inches. So 400rpm for 1" diameter, 100rpm for 4" diameter, 800rpm for 1/2" diameter and so forth.

Converted single- or multi-layer webs are used in a number of industries, from the packaging of food and non food products to industrial applications including the photovoltaic industry.

I seem to have less difficulties with high speeds as low ones. There are times I want the machine to run ate less than its available speeds.

Good grief, I've obviously still got a lot to learn then. First thing is to stop fiddling with the spindle speed knobs.

Not essential to cut at high-speeds, but the benefit of speed becomes more obvious with small drills. At high-speed they are less likely to break and stay sharp longer. Most noticeable if you need to drill a lot of small holes in something nasty like fibre-glass printed circuit boards.

They also assume self-acting feeds to keep a consistent cutting rate that can be difficult to achieve by hand on long lengths or across large diameters.

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Paper has a wide range of industrial applications including use for the packaging of products as diverse as confectionery and cigarettes, as a component in packaging laminates, and for many commercial print uses.

Thanks again for putting up with my newbie questions, I will be a newbie for life when it comes to my lathe and mill, but love every single second I'm on them making or repairing something for my steam engine hobby.

I think now I'm just so used to it after nearly 7 years of having this lathe (I must point out a very pertinent fact that I'm in mid 50's and before this lathe was delivered off the back of the delivery truck, I had never even touched a lathe before) when I have changed the speeds to polish something it sounds and feels like a totally different beast and when I go back to 420rpm…..all feels good and normal again.

Aluminum is produced from bauxite, an ore abundant in nature. From the rolling mill, aluminum foils emerge with a natural shiny finish, almost as bright as a mirror, but also can be produced with an as-rolled, satin-like finish called matte. Aluminum foil has all of the unique functional characteristics of the aluminum alloy from which it is made. Because of its exceptional barrier properties, aluminum foil is used across a wide range of flexible and other packaging applications to protect foods, drugs, cosmetics, and a lengthy list of other items, most often in combination with other packaging materials.

Carton board (also called cardboard, paperboard or solid board) is the name for a range of paper based materials that includes folding box board (FBB, GC or UC), solid bleached board (SBB, SBS, or GZ), solid unbleached board (SUB or SUS), white lined chipboards (WLC, GD, GT, or UD), some unlined chipboards, and certain laminated boards. To manufacture carton board, fibrous material, either from trees, recycled paper, or a mixture of the two, is turned into pulp. It is then bleached and processed in a board making machine to create a board consisting of one or more layers, which may optionally be coated to provide a better surface and/or improved visual appearance. The crossover point between paper and board is normally considered to be around 160 grams per square meter (gsm), as it is only at this level that a fibrous material is likely to be stiff and rigid enough to make a container. Cartonboard is primarily used in the packaging industry to produce all types of folding cartons, but may also be used for graphics applications. For folding cartons the board used will normally be in the range 200 to 600gsm, or 350 to 800 microns.

I expect to now get the usual posts that say "it's just a hobby, whats the rush" well that's fine for the retired types who have all day to potter about but for those still working or who like to complete more than one project per decade working at a good pace is an advantage.

It looks as if BH has hit on the most generally-useful speed by serendipity. As others have said, it pays to listen as well as watch, and speeds much faster and slower have their place in different circumstances – for example, a form tool cutting over a broad profile works best at much slower speed, and there really is no lower limit for screwcutting; sometimes I've done it by rotating the chuck by hand for short internal threads to a shoulder.