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The tolerance of a milling insert is important for several reasons. Firstly, it ensures a proper fit and compatibility with the toolholder, promoting stable and secure clamping during machining. Secondly, precise tolerances contribute to dimensional accuracy, allowing for consistent and reliable machining results.
Whether you're a seasoned machinist looking to expand your knowledge or a newcomer to the world of milling seeking clarity, this guide is here to demystify the milling insert ISO code. We'll explore how this code provides vital information about the insert's geometry, material, and cutting characteristics. By the end, you'll be equipped with the knowledge to decode and interpret these codes, empowering you to select the perfect milling inserts to optimise your machining processes.
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The cutting-edge length of a milling insert is an important factor that directly affects the insert's cutting performance and efficiency.
Hogging bit cutting edges have a saw-tooth look, which enables them to efficiently clear away wood from your CNC project by cutting the wood into small pieces as the bit makes its cut.
Therefore, selecting the appropriate thickness is essential for achieving optimal cutting performance, productivity, and the desired quality of the machined components.
Understanding the milling insert ISO code is like deciphering a secret language that holds the key to successful milling operations and tool selection.
By carefully selecting and applying the appropriate edge preparation techniques, machinists can achieve improved machining performance, productivity, and tool longevity, while also maintaining high-quality surface finish and dimensional accuracy.
Compared to standard endmills, such as a 1/4" down cut, the standard endmill will have a 1/4" depth of cut with 40% stepover at 80 inches per minute. The BEAST can carve at up to 1" with an 80% step over at up to 600 inches per minute. The BEAST will be approxamately 15 times faster at removing the material.
Another notable benefit of hogging bits is their ability to continue cutting effectively even as they start to dull. This advantage stems from their robust design and unique saw-tooth cutting geometry. In short, you are not concerned with finish cuts when using a hogging bit so a sightly dull bit can still be used.
Hogging bits are traditionally clasified as endmills (an endmill has a spiral cutting edge). They are clearly identified by their unusual serated design along the cutting edges.
Hogging bits are designed specifically for one thing: To remove material as rapidly as possible in your CNC woodworking projects. They are quite common in metal working but have not generally been recognized for their similar benefits in CNC woodworking until they were introduced by IDC Woodcraft.
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The chip breaker of a milling insert refers to a specially designed geometry on the insert's face and cutting edge that helps control and shape the formation of chips during the machining process.
The hogging bits' ability to deviate from these conservative values results in a faster material removal process and, consequently, reduced run time.
One of the significant advantages of using hogging bits is their ability to spare the cutting edges of standard spiral endmills, keeping them sharper longer, prolonging their lifespan. This benefit arises from the following factors:
Therefore, selecting the appropriate cutting-edge length is crucial in achieving optimal cutting performance, maximising productivity, and ensuring cost-effective milling operations.
Additionally, tight tolerances enable interchangeability within a tooling system, minimising downtime. They also impact tool life and performance, as well as surface finish and accuracy.
The BADGER is the precision tool in the group, if the word precision can be used here. As it is a roughing bit, it will not leave a clean cut. While it can't take as deep a cut as the HOG or the BEAST, it effectively works exceptionally well with a 1/4" depth per pass. It operates at a feed rate of 130 inches per minute with a 70% stepover, which means it can efficiently remove material in smaller areas quickly. This makes it an excellent choice for tasks that have more detailed material removal needs.
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If you've ever ventured into the world of milling, you've likely come across the term "ISO code" in reference to milling inserts. But what exactly does this code mean? What information does it convey? Understanding the milling insert ISO code is crucial for selecting the right tool for your milling operations and achieving optimal results.
Armed with this knowledge, you're ready to decode the milling insert ISO code and unlock the potential of your milling endeavours.
In comes the hogging bit! The aggressive nature of hogging bits can reduce this run time by up to 10x or more. Meaning a 1-hour clearing time can be reduced to 6-10 minutes. Of course, each job has its special factors when it comes to time reduction, but hogging bits significantly reduce this time.
The BEAST is all about boldness. Its shorter flute length of 1" and thick core make it extremely robust. It can remove material at a whopping 1" depth of cut in one pass on hardwood! It can handle higher feed rates, which can go up to 800 inches per minute (it has been successfully tested up to 1000 inches per minute). Like the HOG, it runs at an aggressive 80% stepover. For shallower projects (less than 1" deep), this would be your choice over the HOG.
Mechanically, hogging bits have a high chipload value. Meaning they can manage a lot more chips during a single rotation than regular endmills, which gives them the ability to cut much more aggrssively without the potential of excessive chip loading (getting too many chips in the flutes during a cut).
It determines whether the insert is designed for right-hand (clockwise) or left-hand (anti-clockwise) rotation during milling operations.
The relief angle for a milling insert is of paramount importance in achieving efficient and successful machining operations.
The cross-section type of a milling insert refers to the shape of its cutting edge when viewed from a perpendicular angle. It influences the insert's cutting action and performance.
Common cross-section types include square, round, triangle, rhombic, and pentagonal. Machinists should consider the cross-section type when selecting inserts to ensure optimal cutting capabilities and chip evacuation for their specific machining tasks and materials.
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The HOG is your go-to choice when you need to remove a lot of material in deeper projects, such as bowls or rough cutouts of thicker projects like guitar bodies. It is capable of doing cuts as deep as 1-1/2". It can cut 1/2" in a single pass. However, because it has longer cutting edges, it requires a slower feed rate than the BEAST due to the potential for higher deflection. Because it is longer, it can break easier so feed rates need to be a bit lower than its shorter couterpart. It still sports an agressive setting of 80 inches per minute at an 80% stepover.
The edge preparation of a milling insert refers to the intentional modification of the cutting edge before its use in machining operations. It involves applying specific treatments or coatings to enhance the insert's performance and durability.
Hogging bits are known for their ability to significantly reduce run time in CNC woodworking projects. This is primarily due to their unique cutting geometry. Here's how they achieve this:
The nose radius of a milling insert holds significant importance in achieving precise and efficient machining operations whilst being able to apply a radius to your cut. Smaller radius tend to be more suitable for finer cuts/finishing whilst larger radius are better for heavy metal removal due to the strength of the insert corner.
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NOTE ABOUT SETTINGS: These are general settings based on benchtop CNC routers like the Longmill MK2, Onefinity, Millright, etc. Pro and industrial machines can be much more aggressive.
... feed and speed values reduced by 10% less than above data. ... 1) Select your material in the ISO colored chart with respect to material description and hardness ...
The thickness of an insert is crucial for its strength and stability during the cutting process.A thicker insert excels under heavy loads, enhancing performance and minimizing the risk of cutting edge chipping.
Using a hogging bit in CNC woodworking offers several significant benefits that can improve the efficiency and quality of your machining processes. Here are the three key advantages of using a hogging bit:
By unravelling the meanings behind each section, machinists can confidently select the appropriate milling inserts, ensuring compatibility with their machining setup and achieving desired outcomes in terms of performance, precision, and tool longevity.
A longer cutting-edge length allows for a larger contact area between the insert and the workpiece, resulting in increased productivity and improved material removal rates. It enables the insert to engage with a greater surface area of the material, reducing the number of passes required to complete a machining operation.
It begins with a letter that indicates the insert's shape, such as R for round, S for square, T for triangular, D for diamond-shaped, or C for rhombic.
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The radius can also impact the insert's cutting forces, chip control, tool life, and surface finish. Careful consideration of the appropriate nose radius based on the specific machining requirements and materials is crucial for achieving optimal performance, tool longevity, and surface finish in milling operations.
Have you had a project that takes an hour or more just to remove material... BEFORE it even gets to the finish cuts? It can make you a bit impatient. As they say, "Time is money!". Hogging bits have one main distinct advantage... They DRAMATICALLY reduce the time it takes to run your CNC project!
Comparing the BADGER to standard 1/8" endmills that run at a pass depth of 0.065", 40% stepover and 65 inches per minute, The BADGER runs 4 times deeper per pass, 2x the feed rate and almost twice the stepover value, making it 16x moire efficient!
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Many CNC projects require a lot of material to be removed before the finishing cuts are made, such as in pocket cuts on projects like bowls. This can take up the bulk of the run time for your project when using your traditional endmills.
In this article, I will explain what a 'hogging bit' is, and the differences between the HOG, BEAST and BADGER endmills from IDC Woodcraft. These bits are among the most popular at IDC Woodcraft. However, it is prudent to explain in detail what type of CNC bits they are, the benefits of using them and why they even exist.
The hand of a milling insert refers to the orientation or direction of the insert's cutting edge and its corresponding shape.
In conclusion, using hogging bits in CNC woodworking offers reduced run time, preserves the cutting edges of standard spiral endmills, and allows for effective cutting even as they start to dull. These advantages make hogging bits an essential tool in the arsenal of woodworkers seeking efficiency in their machining processes.
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It plays a crucial role in chip formation, tool life, cutting forces, and surface finish. Understanding the influence of the relief angle and selecting the appropriate one can greatly enhance machining performance, productivity, and the quality of the finished product.
This letter gives a quick visual cue about the overall form of the insert. By looking at the first letter of the milling insert ISO code, machinists can get an initial understanding of the insert's shape, which plays a significant role in determining its specific applications and cutting capabilities.
Tolerance refers to the allowable variation in dimensions or measurements of a manufactured part. In the context of milling inserts, the tolerance class specified in section 3 of the ISO code helps determine the level of accuracy and consistency of the insert's dimensions.
The BEAST, HOG and BADGER all fall into the hogging bit category. Also known as roughing bits or chip breakers, hogging bits are not designed to leave smooth cuts. Their sole purpose is to remove lots of material really fast!