Calculate surface feet per minute; SFM = (Pi * Dia * RPM) / 12. SFM = Surface Feet Per Minute. Dia = Diameter (inches). RPM = Revs Per Minute.

After drilling a hole in metal, it's a good idea to remove any sharp edges or burrs left behind. You can buy fancy deburring tools to smooth sharp edges, but before spending money on one, try this trick: Take a twist bit slightly larger in diameter than the hole you just drilled, and gently hand-twist it over the top of the hole. This will smooth out the edge of the hole and grind away any burrs.

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FRP producers seeking to be included on the FRP Production Facility Listing may find guidance for material acceptance on the State Materials Office Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites webpage.

Initially designed for the Criterion Boring Head, this TAS-model sets can be used on manual and CNC lathes, equally adaptable in machines where the tool or the ...

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Providing timely responses to inquiries from the press, government officials, and the public is a crucial function of the Florida Department of Transportation. You can find recent press releases, public notices, media contacts, links to our social media pages and newsroom.

For drilling holes in steel that's 1/8 in. or thicker, use cutting fluid or a multipurpose oil like 3-IN-ONE. Lubricating the bit reduces friction and heat buildup, which makes drilling easier and your bits last longer. For easier-to-drill metals like aluminum, brass or cast iron, lubrication isn't usually necessary.

Manufactured from micro-grain Tungsten carbide, resulting in a long tool life. Used on all types of CNC router and hole drilling machines. Special ranges for ...

The following Developmental Design Standards and associated Instructions are available on the Developmental Design Standards webpage:

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For large holes, a hole saw gets the job done cleanly and quickly. Like twist bits, hole saws chuck right into your drill and will cut through thin-gauge sheet metals like aluminum and steel. Use a scrap of plywood as a backer for the hole saw's pilot bit and to protect your work surface.

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(Please contact the coordinators at the bottom of the page to submit a fast facts sheet and have your project included in the list.)

While it's fairly easy to drill most holes in metal using nothing more than a handheld drill, you'll almost always get greater accuracy and better results using a drill press. Most drill presses are actually built with metalworking in mind. Pulling down on the handle causes the bit to plunge straight down into a workpiece and make a very precise hole.

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Standard Plans for 12, 14, 18, 24 and 30 inch square piles as well as 54 and 60 inch cylinder piles with CFRP strands are available and can be used following the FDOT Structures Manual, Volume 1 Structures Design Guidelines (SDG) Table 3.5.1-1 requirements. Design Standards for precast concrete CFRP/GFRP and HSSS/GFRP sheet pile wall are also available for use following SDG 3.12 requirements. CFRP strands may be used in other prestressed concrete piles when approved by the SSDE.

Additional design and detailing criteria are available in the FDOT Structures Manual, Volume 4 Fiber Reinforced Polymer Guidelines.

The deterioration of reinforcing and prestressing steel within concrete is one of the prime causes of failure of concrete structures. In addition to being exposed to weather, concrete transportation structures in Florida are also commonly located in aggressive environments such as marine locations and inland water crossings where the water is acidic. Cracks in concrete create paths for the agents of the aggressive environments to reach the reinforcing and/or prestressing steel and begin the corrosive oxidation process. An innovative approach to combat this major issue is to replace traditional steel bar and strand reinforcement with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) reinforcing bars and strands. FRP reinforcing bars and strands are made from filaments or fibers held in a polymeric resin matrix binder. FRP reinforcing can be made from various types of fibers such as glass (GFRP), basalt (BFRP) or carbon (CFRP). A surface treatment is typically provided that facilitates a bond between the reinforcing and the concrete.

ii.  Phase 1: BVD30 986-01 “Performance Evaluation of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) Reinforcing Bars Embedded in Concrete” (2018-2019):

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For most do-it-yourselfers, there will likely come a time when you'll have to drill a hole through a piece of metal. The tools and methods used to do it are almost as varied as the different types of metals out there. Here are 12 tips to make the task fast, easy and safe.

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Drill presses also come with beefy cast-iron tables with tilt and height adjustments, and allow a variety of clamping options. Speed changes are as easy as opening the lid and moving a rubber belt from one pulley to another. The most expensive drill presses are floor-standing models, but you can buy a decent benchtop unit for about $100.

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The following Standard Plans and associated Instructions are available on the Standards webpage  for the following applications:

Specifications 400, 410, 415, 450, 932 and 933 are available on the Specifications webpage  for the use of FRP reinforcing bars and strands. Additional Developmental Specifications for other concrete structural components will be written and made available on an as-needed basis.

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Recommended Cutting Speed Range (rpm). Steel Alloy,. 300-400 Brinnel. 20-30. 1250-1800. 600-900. 400-600. 300-450. 250-350. 200-300. 175-250. 150-225. Stainless ...

The following links to FDOT meetings, seminars and workshops are provide as background information for potential users and industry partners:

Developmental Standard Plans are available for Approach Slabs (GFRP Reinforced Flexible Pavement Approaches) and Gravity Walls (Option C - GFRP Reinforcement). These can be used following the approval process in FDOT Design Manual (FDM), Chapter 115.

The potential use of FRP reinforcing bars or strands for a given application will be evaluated on a project by project basis. Extensive coordination with the Structures Design Office will be required in order to develop acceptable final designs. See Structures Manual, Volume 4, Fiber Reinforced Polymer Guidelines for more information.

Traditionally, composite materials like FRP have been used extensively in aerospace and consumer sporting goods applications where the material's high strength to weight ratios were first exploited. In the 1960s US Government agencies recognized the potential benefits that composites can provide to society's infrastructure and thus begin funding significant amounts of research in the field of FRPs. Since then advances in the field of polymers, advancements in production techniques and implementation of authoritative design guidelines have resulted in a rapid increase in usage of FRP bars and strands, especially in the last 5 years. Because of these advances, the FDOT Structures Design Office has implemented its first specifications and design criteria to support the use of FRP bars and strands in major bridge components. BFRP is an emerging technology in the US, and as such still in a development phase by the Department for Specification and Standards. The use of these innovative material in certain Florida bridge components will keep Florida on the leading edge in the design of state-of-the-art transportation facilities.