Machininggraphitehazards

Exceptional precision and performance in graphite machining - narrowest production tolerances, highest concentricity and maximum tool life can be achieved with graphite tools by Karnasch. Karnasch has developed an individual range of graphite tools for any challenges of graphite machining. In addition to solid carbide end mills, solid carbide drills, solid carbide taps, whirling thread cutters, solid carbide thread mills and solid carbide deburrers, our microtools are also available for processing up to the very finest detail. The graphite tools by Karnasch convince with their nanocrystalline diamond tool coating in accuracy, tool life and the worldwide unique engineering tolerance. Graphite electrodes are becoming increasingly important in modern tool and mold making. Graphite is also used more and more in machinery and plant engineering as well as in medical technology. The highly abrasive material is being processed into more filigree shapes, increasing the challenges for the tool industry.

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In addition to sheets, another very popular, electrically-related type of copper material is bar stock. Random examples of bar stock, for reference, include sizes like 1/8″ x 2.00″ or 1/4″ x 4.00″ or 1.00″ x 2.00″, or 3.00″ x 3.00″. There are dozens of bar stock sizes. Engineers are good at determining sizes and needed conductivity to create fabrication specifications.

Copper should always remain packaged and protected during the fabrication process. This can be accomplished by applying a PVC coating that can be peeled off after the fabrication process is completed.

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Copper’s high conductivity and affordability make it a more appealing choice. Copper is also very fabricable, but many shops are not willing to give it a try.

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Semi-conductor metals have multiple valence electrons, which reduces the repelling reaction. Think of the 8 ball: when it hits one ball, it knocks it farther than if it gently bumps into multiple balls. Semi-conductors, however, can become more effective electrical conductors when heated or combined with other elements. The resistance of semiconductors depends on the presence of impurities in the metal. In addition to impurities, other factors that can affect how a metal conducts electricity include frequency, electromagnetic fields and temperature.

Electric conductivity is the movement of electrically charged particles. All metals conduct electricity to a certain extent, but certain metals are more highly conductive. The most highly conductive metals are silver, copper and gold.

Another common way of expressing sheet thickness is to call out the weight of the copper per square foot. A couple of common sheet thickness choices are 16 OZ copper, which is .0216″ and 32 OZ copper which is .0432″.

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People are usually aware that copper can be cut and formed, but many are unaware that copper can be welded, most commonly using GTAW or Gas Tungsten Arc Welding.

All Metals Fabrication has used heavy copper bars, 3/4″ x 8.00″, to create fabricated parts for electrical currents in large, steel anodizing tanks. We are not experts in electrical engineering, but we are experts in copper fabrication techniques.

The goal is to avoid abrasion and to keep the metal clean. Compared to steel, copper takes a much gentler approach to handling and fabricating, hence the reason that many fabrication job shops shy away from this type of work.

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Copper, for example, is highly conductive and commonly used in metal wiring. Brass, on the other hand, contains copper but other materials in its makeup reduce conductivity. Pure silver is the most conductive of all metals.

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Silver has the highest conductivity of all metals, but it also has a hefty price tag and it can tarnish, rendering the surface less conductive. Gold is more corrosion-resistant.

Rich Marker is an 18 year, skilled professional in metal fabrication and manufacturing. Co-founder, owner and principal of All Metals Fabrication, Rich has helped to sustain the company’s success over a variety of economic conditions. He has extensive background in continuous improvement, training and process improvement, and emotional intelligence—among other specialized proficiencies. He loves to learn, fly fish, watch college football and devour NY style pizza! He has the best family on earth, loves a good plan, great teaching and the opportunity to get better.

The presence of valence electrons determines a metal’s conductivity. Valence electrons are “free electrons” that allow metals to conduct electric current. Free electrons move through metal like billiard balls, transferring energy as they knock into each other. Silver and copper are metals with single, free-moving valence electrons. The valance moves throughout the metal with little resistance, making these metals more conductive.

Copper is something that can be regularly purchased in most supply chains. Copper materials will come in multiple shapes, sizes and thicknesses. For example, one can purchase flat sheet copper, usually in sheets that range in thickness from .0315″ to .0625″.

Copper is the go-to material for electrical conductivity, but other materials, listed above, are also available. All these materials, just like copper, are items that All Metals Fabrication can fabricate. Aluminum, zinc, brass, bronze and stainless steel are all materials that we manufacture on a daily basis.

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Copper is a much softer alloy than typical steel and it must be handled carefully. Again, the goal is to avoid deep scratches, dents, divots and dings—anything like that will make the materials less effective for its intended use.