a. Sheet metal rolled from slab or ingot that has been wound into coiled roll.b. The most efficient way to store and transport sheet metal.

a. A method of printing or decorating flat surfaces by means of plates. b. The prime method for printing on metal cans, but must be done on the sheet steel before the can is formed. (tricorbraun)

PT Duta FirzaBakrie Tower 18th Floor Jl.  Epicentrum Utama raya no.2Kuningan Epicentrum, Karet Kuningan, Setiabudi, Jakarta 12940Republik Indonesia+62-12-3973-1545 (Office)+62-812-9748-0579 (Mobile)Contact: Jimmy Imannullah[email protected]

The process in which a metal is covered with another material/substance for protection against corrosion and to ensure that the metal containers are safe for filling.

A major three-piece can defect wherein the can body has an end diameter that is unintentionally smaller than the main body cylinder diameter which is caused by disassembly of the body blank edges during side seam formation.

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The process prior to double seaming wherein the curl of the end is bent under the flange of the body to hold the end loosely in place.

These are indentations applied on metal can enhance its resistance against deformation caused by operation processes or by changes in pressure during the shelf life of products. (lup)

A tapered shape lid is generally used on general line cans.  It has the general shape of a frustum of a cone. (suretorque)

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ORIDIANT SDN BHD13B Jalan Alfa B, Section U6/B Pusat PerdaganganSubang Permai, Shah AlamSelangor D.E. 40150, Malaysia+60-3-78462268 (Phone)+60-3-78462369 (Fax)Contact: Kamaruddin Mohd Sharis +60172065179 (mobile phone)[email protected]

Ashcroft Instruments Singapore Pte LtdBlock 1004, Toa Payoh North, #07-15/17 Singapore 318995+65-6252-6602 Ext 102 (Phone)+65-6252-6603 (Fax)Contact: Joe Tan[email protected]

A can end that is scored on the circumference and fitted with a gripping device (tab) for easy removal of end. (tricorbraun)

IMI Industries Co., Ltd.267/206-8 Sukhumvit RoadMaptaphut, Rayong 21150 Thailand+66-38-607-526 (Phone)+66-38-607-527 (Fax)Contact 1: Piyanad Bordeepornsakul+669-2695-4542 (Mobile phone)[email protected]Contact 2: Parinya Bandittam+668-1358-6501 (mobile phone)[email protected]

A serious metal plate defect wherein folds or layers of plate are rolled into a single plate thickness but do not bond together during rolling and will separate when the metal is worked during can manufacture.

Ridges or rib-like indentations on the can body located singly or in clusters on the general body area to provide resistance to lateral abuse such as denting.

Ashcroft maintains partnerships with domestic and international distributors to ensure all of our customers receive the sales and product support they need to guarantee the safety of their people, processes, and profits. Our distributor partners offer more than sales support. They assist customers with product selection, part-number consolidation, maintain local inventory, and more.

A critical three-piece can defect characterized as a discontinuity (gaps or voids) or a rough and spongy irregularity of the side seam solder fillet that may occur due to very low solder temperatures.

A serious can body manufacturing defect due to excessive local heat caused by the presence of foreign materials such as inside or outside coating, dirt, oil or grease and contaminated weld wire.

A solvent-based, clear protective layer is applied on metal surfaces for corrosion protection, to limit the interaction between the can itself and the food product, and to avoid discolouration of food product pigments packed inside the can.

Automatic Control Engineering31 De Carteret Road, P.O. Box 208Mandeville, Jamaica, W.I.876-962-2773 (Phone)876-962-3731 (Fax)Contact: Richard Pink[email protected][email protected]

L.B.L. Trading Co. Ltd.Haomanut Street 1P.O. Box 8766New Industrial Zone, Neyanya South 42504 Israel+972-9-8858869 (Phone)+972-54-2456057 (Mobile)Contact: Ifat Avraham - Sales Engineer[email protected]

a. A container where the height is greater than the diameter and may only be formed in aluminium.b. Also referred to as aluminium monobloc can which is ideal for packaging of a pressurised aerosol, spray dispensing compressed gas and gasless products.

A closure that is fitted to the can base to withstand internal pressure. (Metal Packaging Manufacturing Association, n.d.)

a. A sealing material consisting of a water or solvent dispersion of rubber placed in the curl of the can end. b. Serves as a hermetic seal by filling the voids left after mechanical formation of the double seam.

a. A can body manufacturing defect characterized by clips or cuts in the flange resulting in reduced or zero overlap in the double seam.b. Common sources include: plate misfeed under the die, inadequate trip allowance, and plate movement during drawing process.

a. A coating application defect characterized by the presence of small particles on the coating surface that are often black in colour.b. This is caused by charred particles of coating, dirt, or other foreign particles that may adhere to the wet coating prior to curing.

IMI Industries Co., Ltd.232/13-14 Phaholyotin RoadAnusawwaree BangkhenBangkok 10220, Thailand+662-970-2977 (Phone)+662-552-8403 (Fax)Contact: Parinya Bandittam+668-1358-6501 (mobile phone)[email protected]

Lettering, numbering or designs that are permanently stamped on either end of the can, which may be raised (embossed) or in relief (indented) form.

Lumax International Corp. Ltd.12th Floor, No. 3-1, Park St. Nangang District Taipei City, 11503, Taiwan (Nankang Software Park)+866-2-278-83656 (Ext 211) (Phone)+886-2-278-27369 (Fax)Contact: Vivian Su[email protected]

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Korea Nagano Co., Ltd.5, Dongtan-daero 17-gil, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do,Republic of Korea, 18481+82-(0)31-379-3993 (Phone)+82-(0)31-379-3936 (Fax)Contact: Junghyuk Park+82-(0)10-3862-0273 (mobile phone)[email protected]

Okada Keiki Mfg. Co. Ltd.11-5 Sakurajosui 3-chomeSetagaya Ku, Tokyo Japan 156-0045+813-3303-2268 (Phone)+813-3304-8036 (Fax)Contact: Shunichi Kunisawa[email protected]

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A critical can end manufacturing defect wherein two independently formed ends are stuck together and double seamed onto a can body resulting to a double seam which appears to have additional thickness and length with just the inner end that is compound lined.

SpainRomà Piera i Arcal, 808330 Premià de Mar (Barcelona)SpainMain Multilanguage Tel:+34 937 549 526Email: [email protected]

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Type of container that had undergone drawing and wall ironing operations enabling the cup to have smaller diameter with thin walls while increasing its height.

a. A serious manufacturing defect wherein the cans have swelling or have ends that are distended to varying degrees. b. Common sources include: overfilling or proper vacuum failure, microbial growth, internal corrosion, and/or chemical reaction of product with the metal plate resulting to hydrogen gas production.

The process wherein the can diameter which is initially cylindrical is reduced by bending inwards the upper rim of the can to accommodate the smaller end. (cantechonline)

The process wherein the extreme edge of the end component is turned inward to provide a safe, finished curved edge. The curl forms the cover hook in a double seam. (packaging-labelling)

a. A phenomenon in which the top of a can is slightly wavy or has small ripples called 'ears' due to drawing and ironing processes.b. A phenomenon that is attributed to the effect of the crystalline structure of aluminium sheets.

Oil Related ventures Ltd26B Providence Street Lekki phase 1 LagosNigeria234-1-806- 4987622(Phone)234-802-3502185 (Phone)Contact 1 Solomon EtimContact 2 Stanley GbuyiroEmail: [email protected]

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INSTECO, CarrigtwohillBarryscourt Business ParkCarrigtwohill Co. Cork, Irelandwww.insteco.com+353-21-48-83798 (Phone)Contact: Jude O’Keefe[email protected]

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The process in which a projecting or flared edge is formed by bending outwards the rims of the can body-cylinder to enable heads and bottoms to be double seamed to the body. (tricorbraun)

A gas-tight container equipped with a valve that is designed to hold the product and the propellant gas under pressure. When the valve is opened, generally by finger pressure, the product is dispensed. (intracen)

a. A major three-piece can defect indicated by the creasing of the body and flange area on the reform ridge of reformed cans such that it affects the integrity of the double seam or fractures the metal plate.b. A defect caused by improper flattening of can body cylinders.

Metal that has been cut from a metal coil, formed by an industrial process into thin, flat pieces, and sheared to form blanks.

VP, Instrument Products  |  Fluid Flow Products, Inc. | Bibb Controls

A ring-shaped feature attached to the end panel by the rivet which may be constructed of different material than the end.

Powerflo Solutions Pty Ltd98-102 Wetherill Street NorthSilverwater, NSW 2128Australia+61 1300 658 701  (Phone)+612-9804-7193 (Fax)Contact: Chak Ponnam+61-422-403-681 (Mobile Phone)[email protected]

a. The operation of reforming sheet metal without changing its thickness.b. A manufacturing process of forming cups from circular blanks cut from a metal sheet.

A can end manufacturing defect caused by plate misfeed under the die and is characterized by clips or cuts in the curl end resulting in loss of overlap.

Dave Webster, Co-Founder  |  Carotek

A serious container handling defect due to mechanical wearing of the metal plate wherein the metal has been reduced to less than 50% of its normal thickness resulting to metal plate weakening.

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TOSL Engineering Ltd8-10 Maharaj AvenueMarabella, Trinidad W.I.868-396-4739 (Phone)868-652-0856 (Fax)Contact: Wilfred Jackson[email protected]

Ashcroft Instruments Mexico, S.A. de C.V.52-55-5082-3030 (Main Number)52-55-5082-3060 (Phone)Contact: Sandra Mendoza [email protected]

A container is made from a metal disc that is reformed into a cylinder with an integral end to become a seamless container wherein a loose end is seamed to finally close the can.

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A serious three-piece can body manufacturing defect due to acidic residues on the outside of the side seam area that result in rusting, or any deposit of salts on the inside of the can.

Chromium-coated steel. Because it is used in food cans just like tin plates, it ironically is classified as a tin mill product.

Protea Automation SolutionsA division of Protea Electronics (Pty) Ltd011-719-5737 (Phone)082-576-6140 (cell)011-440-9312 (Fax)Contact: Chantelle FisherProduct Manager / Ashcroft Industrial Instruments[email protected]

A serious metal plate defect is caused by foreign particles that may be rolled into the plate during rolling operation but do not bond with the plate. These particles may pop out leaving a hole in the plate when it is worked during can manufacture or flex during retorting.

These are raised or depressed surfaces of the integral end of two-piece cans which provide strength or alter container capacity.

Ashcroft Instruments Singapore Pte LtdBlock 1004, Toa Payoh North, #07-15/17Singapore 318995+65-6252-6602 (Phone)+65-6252-6603 (Fax)Contact: Joe Tan+65-62526602 Ext 102[email protected]

A critical three-piece can defect indicated by a gap in the side seam lap area where the notched or cutaway section is not overlapped by metal plate resulting in an incomplete flange which is due to body blank misalignment during notching.

A method for sealing the side seam and other joints of metal cans using a tin-lead alloy. Soldered seams are usually folded or hooked (lock seam), and must be lacquered to prevent corrosion and migration of metals into the product. (packagingschool)

MJMK International CO., LTD (Weksler Only)343 Phuttamonthon Sai 2 RoadBangpai, BangkaeBangkok, Thailand 10160+662-9887-2887 (Phone)+662-887-2884 (Fax)Contact: Mongkol Wongkuprasert+6682-456-6464 (mobile phone)[email protected]

USdistributors

Hilton Engineering CorporationURB Puerto Nuevo, 281 Matadero RoadSan Juan, Puerto Rico 00920787-781-8183 (Phone)787-781-8229 (Fax)Contact: Ceciliana Rodriguez[email protected]

A serious double seam defect is characterized by physical tearing or cutting through of the outer layer of the metal plate on the double seam, such that the inner layers of the double seam are exposed and the integrity of the double seam is compromised.

a. A serious can body defect which occurs when two body blanks form the body of one can. b. Characterized by thicker and longer double seams but otherwise normal in appearance, often the outer body will buckle while the side seam may appear mislocked.

Aving Suministros y Servicios SRLAv. Charles Summer esq. Nicolas Urena de MendozaLocal 101, Los Prados809-692-7816 (Phone)Contact: Jorge Araujo[email protected]www.avingsuministrosyservicios.net

A coating application defect which appears as tiny hard metallic bubbles of coating on the can surface resulting from drips or splashes during coating operation.

A type of closure which has a membrane that seals the content from any external environment. The membrane sometimes sits inside a penny lever-type opening but is more often protected by a plastic cap. These lids are mostly used for milk powder.

A metal closure is lined with cork or plastic. The cap is crimped around its rim over the finish of a bottle to provide a hermetic seal. (packagingschool)

a. A single or double line that follows the perimeter of the end. b. Its metal thickness is less than the rest of the end so that during the key opening, the metal tears along the scoreline enabling the can be opened without the use of other tools.

a. A serious three-piece can body manufacturing defect for soldered cans while a minor defect for welded cans unless there is a product-container incompatibility.  b. Common sources include: misfeed or backward feed of sheets to slitter, misfeed or backward feed of body blanks to body maker.

Ends with a ring pull that when the ring is pulled, the complete end will detach resulting in a full aperture. Commonly used for foodstuff (both human and animals) such as pet food, soup, vegetables, etc.

The small cut-away portion of the body blank in the lap area which will reduce the amount of material in the area where a double seam will be formed. (https://inspection.canada.ca/preventive-controls/metal-can-defects/eng/1510763304486/1510763304952)

A critical double seam defect showing a sharp 'V' shaped projection of the end hook of the double seam below the bottom of the normal seam resulting to the absence of overlap.

a. A serious container profile defect where the can body has collapsed or been sharply distorted such that the internal coating has fractured or the double seam or side seam has been distorted.B. Appears as flat, vertical panels or indentations of the can body.

A plain lid that is stamped from a metal coil and transferred to a conversion press which converts the lid into an easy-open end.

The process of printing by indirect image transfer, especially by using a metal or paper plate to ink a smooth rubber cylinder that transfers the ink to the paper. (packagingschool)

Philippines808 Citystate Centre Building709 Shaw Boulevard1600 Pasig CityPhilippinesTel: +63 2 8696 6965 /+63 2 8696 6978

A joint attaching the top or bottom end of a metal can to its body, formed by interlocking the edges of the end and the flanged body, double folding and rolling firmly together. (packagingschool)

A shaped die cavity-type of container that is formed by combining mechanical and air pressure on a light gauge aluminium foil. (niir)

a. A serious double seam defect wherein a portion of the double seam is not properly ironed-out due to a void in the chuck lip or insufficient tightness.b. Appears as an irregularity on the countersink wall of the seam.

A critical container defect which shows deterioration of the metal plate from the inside or outside of the container as a result of chemical reaction.

A metal refined from bauxite ore into ingots by electrolysis. The ingots are rolled into thin sheets of foil or drawn and formed into can bodies. (intracen)

a. A cylindrical container of thin, flexible metal with integral shoulder and neck, with a screw cap closure made of plastic. (tricorbraun)b. A soft squeezable container that can be used for thick liquids such as adhesive, caulking, ointment, and toothpaste. (Tube (container), 2018)

A critical metal plate defect characterized by an obvious black line (joint) running across the can end or body which results when two coils of plate are joined together in the steel mill.

a. A critical can end manufacturing defect which shows a break in that portion of the end panel from which the rivet is formed.b. A defect which is the result of the following: a pull tab which is not properly aligned with the rivet maker, a too tightly flattened rivet, and the lack of lubricant on the rivet area during drawing.

The process wherein concave (interior bead) or convex (exterior bead) areas are formed spanning the can circumference to provide additional strength and stability to the body. (allstatecan)

Precision Mass Products Private LimitedPlot 2306, G.I.D.C ChhatralTa. Kalol, Dist. GandhinagarChhatral 382729, India+91 72269 45304 (Mobile Phone)+91 93774 07922 (Mobile Phone)Contact: Valmik Patel[email protected][email protected]

Ashcroft Instruments Singapore Pte Ltd.Block 1004, Toa Payoh North, #07-15/17Singapore 318995+65-6252-6602 (Phone)65-6252-6603 (Fax)Contact: Joe Tan+65-62526602 Ext 102[email protected]

Stellite Commercial, Inc.17 Calbayog Street, Mandaluyong City, 1550Sta. Cruz, Manila, Philippines+632-5314681 to 86 (Phone)+632-5318882 (Fax)Contact: Benson Yap+63 918 900 9601 (mobile phone)sales@@stellite.com.ph

The portion of the can end projecting from the double seam where the key for key-open style full aperture easy open ends is inserted to be able to open the can.

The operation of reforming a two-piece can into one of smaller diameter and therefore greater height without changing its thickness.

A temperature-induced chemical reaction process that dries or sets inks, coatings or adhesives to increase their ability to withstand corrosion, erosion and degradation.

A critical can manufacturing defect showing abnormal marks or impressions on the metal plate which may vary in size, shape, and depth which may affect flange formation resulting to double seam defects.

A critical three-piece can defect characterized by failure of the side seam hooks to interlock along the entire length which may be due to side seam hooks that are damaged prior to assembly or misassembled.

Ashcroft Instruments Singapore Pte LtdBlock 1004, Toa Payoh North, #07-15/17Singapore 318995+65-6252-6602 (Phone)+65-6252-6603 (Fax)Contact: Joe Tan+65-62526602 Ext 102[email protected]

A container consists of a cylindrical body rolled from a piece of flat metal with a longitudinal seam which is usually formed by welding, together with two can ends that are seamed onto each end of the body.

A coating application defect characterized as any discontinuity (bare spots, hairline skips, eyeholing) in the coating due to the presence of dirt, grease or other foreign material on the metal plate prior to coating and/or metal plate coating misapplication.

A can end manufacturing defect characterized by a rough protrusion of metal plate on the cut edge of the curl caused by the end press not cleanly shearing the curl to the desired size.

A double seam defect wherein there is a smooth projection of the end hook of the double seam below the bottom of the normal seam which may be due to the inclusion of product or foreign material in the double seam, excessive amount or uneven distribution of sealing compound, or too long body hook.

Ends with a key that is inserted onto the key tab and rotated, rolling up the tab, tearing the metal along the scoreline, and rolling the end from the can.

A side seaming method for metal cans wherein the side walls are attached to one another through the use of heat and without using lead. (packagingschool)

The nonmetal areas at the ends of the end hook and body hook of a double seam wherein the void at the end of the body hook must be filled with compound for hermetic sealing.

A critical three-piece can defect due to misplaced inside and/or outside coating application or off-register sheet slitting into body blanks resulting in coatings on the margins along the body blank edges forming the side seam.

Willy Instrumentos de Medicao e Controle Ltda55-11-4224-7400 (Main Number)55-11-4229-8710 (Fax)Contact: Ricardo Barbosa55-11-4224-7483[email protected]

A major container profile defect wherein there is a permanent outward distortion of the can end in the form of pyramidal-like deformities near the double seam which adversely affect its integrity.